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O-097-40 T-A-BLE OF CONTENTS q7 Page FOREWORD 1 PREFiLCE AND GUIDE FORI 'USE OF CODE 1 BUILDING CODE. ORDINIFIXE NO, 2 I'd' LTICL�iI ONE. 1LDIAINISTR�.'_,TIVEE r,"ITLE & SCOPE 2 .ART IC LE T`.�O. GENER-iL FRQVI-,�.JIONS 4 T 1_1"E L _�RT I C LS 7 ARTICLE FOUR. ' DEFINITIONS 10 �MICLa FIVE. CLASSIFIC3,TIONS OF _LLL BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUP4-UqGY & GENERYiL REQUIX61KENTS FOR ZiLL OCCUP_,�.NCIES 15 ARTICL' SIX. FOR aRO UP L BUILDINGS 17 ARTIOLL; SL,VEi4- REQUIREb] 14TS F6R_ B 21 R-"U I hl�1Q,N T S F OR C 23 ±�TICLI-5 1�I GHT ,-_�hT 10 LE NINE. RE U 116�;-11`1-E NT�3) FOR D 27 7f L 29 �,aT IC IL TEN. R." FOR E R .z��TICL�l B L E,IPP�N RE110IRi�hIENTS FOR F 30 "RTIOLE T LVZ,, RE�ZUIX IiTS B.�SED O'N TY-kl:,;S OF CONSTRUCTION 31 -MSISTIVE 32 RTICLS TVPLLVE-A. TYPE I BUILDINGS, FIRE I Z�RTICLE THIRTEEN. ORDIK�Iff ld.LSONRY 35 .t�h T I U llj-kl�' F 0 U-A T]�'Eli. 4;ODD Fhj�11E 39 LLITY & DESIUN OF ,�RTICLE� FIFTL, 6N. ENGINEERING R]IGUL,-TIONS �VU_ �L-.TERLLLS OF C0'STR'0rTI'W) LIVI & DELD LO,'.DS 44 ��T I G LIS SI,XTEEA. QU—,'LITY & DESIGN 47 _�,RT I C LL '031,V.1-�.14T E 1�N 'WOOD QUALITY & DESIGN U,'�.LITY & DESIGN 52 _,AR T 10 L!�, E I d HT-3 BN REINFORCED CONCRETE.. Q 60 ITY DESIGN . 70 ,4RTIC NIN­'TTIAN�' STRUCTUFL�LL STEEL ILL Li� I -S I . , 3 3 NGS & .AFT IC LE T_';FL�NTY, MET.LILE D B2 GUL.LT IONS MCCS�.V.�.TIOWS FOOTI1 F01TIMMONS 78 .�RTICLB TVMWTY_ONEr. _%�LLS & P-ARTITIONS 80 AR T 10 LE VZliTY-TWO. ENGWSURE OF VEhTICAL 'O?_1C_;A'NIN'S 87 _,�R T 10 LX T1irENT`1"-T1-JREB.FLOOR L Oa-14STRUCTION . 88 .ART IC LE TW&NT_'1_FGUR- ROOF CONSTRUCTION & CM-_LRING 89 6RTIOLE TVI_J�JliTY-FIVE. ST LIRS & R..�JPS r n .�RTICLTS TIMATY-SrX. DOORS, _'�iINDOWS & SEMIGHTS 94 ARTICLE T'dEWTY-SE_V_ NI .B.IYS & B.LLCONIES r 95 _,�,RT I C 16 T',ZlffY-��IGHT.PENT HOUSES & ROOF STAUCTURES 95 2R T I C LL TVF1,11TTY-N!NE- CHI_*.r,,:11'YS & H)IL',TIAG _2_ 96 E L_�)r INrly .�!RTICLE THIRTY. F IR T LTUS 102 103 , ,IRT IC LL,' TI-1IRTY-ONE. ST.�'�.GE IMIO�! PICTUR-113 hL`-',CHLI1TE BOOTHS MCLE T!-!Ik�TY-T�JU. CONSTRUCTION OF ' & STOR-ATL .,-��(D H�IdiDLING OF, kLL PHOTOGR��HIC X-R.LY NITROCELLULOSE FILUS 105 'T INS 106 ZLICTICLE CUIL ��RT I C LIS' THI�iTY-FOM. FIRE Rj�*_,SISTIVE ST.L'0�2,.DS FOR FIRIL 11ROTECTION. 107 ART 10 L�-; T 11 Ii�'.TY-F IVE. FIR' RESISTIVE ST,"diDi�RDS 108 T I C I;E THIRTY-SLI. p:r�hjj',jjEj U C, FROEiRTY 121 IT OC'U',ir"'Y 'F PUB` I 122 .iRTICLi�� THIRTY-Sl�,V�1i-SIGNS 2101 �I.W,_�? - .1_� ,'RTI' CONSTAUCTIOA �dM 124 �aT 10 L�_ SHUTTERS) ROLLER CUATIIINS CONSTHUCTION) PERi,-ITS RI�QUIRED & PERi:IISSI�B11J.6 USE 126 F Oi _'Y �CTION & IAS.�ECTIOW. 129 133 _,RT IC L�-, -,'J'. 1jiISC. FIRL PaOTI ,'iRT I C L3 FORTY-ONE. CUNTR.ICTORS LICENSI]kS 139 _LRT I C LE FORTY-1'''0. Ril 130, FOILTY-Ti V4�LI'DITY LE - - 139 21kff 10 US FORTY-FOUh. PL i�ALTY 139 .LkT IC L11 FORTY-FIVE. k DO I?T 10 N- INDEX Section B-157 B-4 .�Iggregate, Concrete "' lterations B-13 I of Construction _,Ll�,,ernate materials & Types '3-14 ,ppeals B-15 J j,ppe,- - Board of als r�Uil r B-4 Application to Existin elin-s on for Permit .4pplicat! B-83 i-irea _,,llov,.;able Type I Building B-99 section -2,84 1-1,utoma-tic Sprinkler Eq_uipment. B-231-282 283 1Wnings, ..kwning Shutters &�Roller Curtains D-331 to *336 Incl. Bays Balconi-es B-264 Block Hollow Concrete B-_l 37 -365-366 Board of Examiners �.Lppeals B-15-362-363 364 Boilers. �B-2-72 -2 9 Booths k tion. Picture B 93 2 4 Brick Burned Clay or She-1 e . - B-134 Brick Concrete B-136 Brick Sa' nd Lime B-135 Building Inspec-tor i�owers '& Duties, of ..B-12-9 Non-Conforming B-4 Permit Fees B-8 Ceiling heights - Group F Buildings B-79-A cement, Portland B-156 Certificate of Occupancy B-10 Chang6, of Occupancy B-11 Chases _& Recesses B-215-222 Chimneys & heating Loparatus- B-267 terials Regulated B-96-112 Combustible Ya B-166 Concrete, Llloivable Unit,,Stresses j.�ggregates B-157 B-179 If Construction Joint Des i gn-� Columns. & Wall's B-185-186-187-188-189-190 Design & Footings B-191-192 ' Field Tests Floor -B-237 Forms . . B-174-175 General De sign, B-151-180-131-182-183-184 -159-163-176-177 Metal Reinforeemen,t B -170-171,172-173 B 169 Idixing & Placing B-209 Piles Pr.oportions Consistency B,165 Protecting Covering of B-178 B-161 Quality -220 Reinforced Beams- if Drawings Required- Inspection B-155 Materials & Tests B-154 Qual i ty & Design. B-151-180-.181-182 -153 Special Systems B -160, Storage of Materials Water B-158 Water Cement 'Ratio B-162-163 Con.struction, - Hei.ght & ,j�,j?ea _�,Illowable_- Gr?up �L B I uildings B_24 if B B-34 4 B-44 C D Fj If B-65 it F B-71 B-368� Constitutional irivilege Contractors Licenses B�361 to 371 Incl. Corridors &';kassageweys B-259 Curtains Prose I enium B-295-296 Curtains: 'Roller, Lwnings & 11wning Shutters B-331 to 336 Incl. B �17 Definitions B-93 Doors & '�`Iindovvs, T e I Buildipg IT B-262-303 B-315 to 330 Incl. Dumbwaiters, Elevators & "Bi-scalators. B-315 to 330 Incl. Bleve.tors, Escalators, & Dumbwaiters Enclosure ' of Vertical Openings Group !- BuildingB B-28-235 B B-38- -43- C B 2M it B-58-235 D it it I? A E B 68 B-75 Enclosure of Vertical Openings Type B-87 it it B-103 Exa&iners' Bdaid' of B-15, ations., F'6 " ings & Foundations R-207:o-208:� -J;!Ixeav Ot Expepti A be-vi , ti6hs%� Groqp� A But 1 dings,' , OTIS 9: B_31 B -41 > :Exits .66-73 'F'xplo*siveS Perndtt6d B-343,344 1, .4 B"'8 Perm F,e es Building. 11 t Occupational e" t F1lMS Care & S orage Extinguislaing" Building Fire , .,�ppa_Patus G A�' . -,". - m'' : - . 1 it , 11 :';'_' - . I :._ . - 11, - . - I,.,, - I . ,��;: `B, B it It B-049 At It. D Fire- Extinguishers Hazard, Inipeetibh B .337 to 340 Inel., B 341 Hydrant,. Obstructing,'. Permitted B-342 Resistive Co'nstr" uctio.4 & M6Lt'e.rtals� Win� 'B '303' �,Doors. ddws `­_ sj Fl OOT C.'Onst' ".rueti on.. B_30,2 'B-304-305-306 Roof Coverings a ons rtiti B-301 n U e, -,"Absol t y B,20; Ordihar B�-20: SpectoLl -149 Stop's Fir-e I p aces zement B-132 loors �. Bar T ' B-9b Constru tioh ype I Bu-j1ding.. Bm-106 B TV -C 8_237 ondrete, F 0: B l,o r Construction �.-�,Pire "Resist.ive 308. General 8-.236 B-238: 0 oo d, J tats , B, 1 t B-240 Floors - - Public Tdi e, Foundations B- Type . 1 Build -.,ng. 84' -100 _J�'e A ' 'W J� ��": 5,111 11-1'' B _-207r2O8_-232 Footings,�_& tea Is 1-270' U S F Mace 17a rm Air 77-123, 'Attached. Garages - . 1,' �11 7 Miscellaneous B 3'5' 3-354-355 35.6 B-78-193 PriVate- Ventilation Public, - _,Grea.5e Drains��''�_' B-241 61 -B-345 Gas,, .-AcetyleneL -347-348 � B Gas :Gasoll Or B-352 B.0274-275 Gas, Ranges B-346-349-350-35-1 Gasoline Storage, ete`4� : Bm122 General' T�pe -111 BU a Ildl- 9 Hazarda Spec p ,A ildings B-40� B� 5 B 0, -B-60 J 76 -'F ers B,280 - Heat Solar 3-277, B 267'-971-272 27 H -a " "�aratuz ' e tin B-82: T� 'e I Buil-ding Height :AI:16wable �;'B-114 It B-79-A "H ' ht- of Ceilings p Grou But 1dings eig B-279 -er0ors I,ncin B-9 in pection, Building 202 238 Joists �-.' Steel SO e n Lieenses -i .Gontrja s 1 to 371 Incl. ngs B A ght Venti latl on-:&,, S t itioli -�27: E Grbo iA 15ulldi Al . B B, -37 -B'-.47 11, D �,A IE b BII!67 F B 74 , Loading 'Changed', ,. ' oa a L Dead Def init ion �4 , 4130 Ipbsted B J;ag 'Live -Reduction of,:� Ge 128' Roof p ec i El 0,6hSAdIbx�6_tio B.,1,20, Uni t Li B-25 Location,�pp. Prqperty,._ ,i'Gio4_- k Auildin$8 B_- B­45 D 72 it: _F B. mairitenande B-*,5 .,,_Xasbhry QualitY , of M6,teft6im �___T'psts_�R�q�d.r'ed B-1 T II Vene er, But yp -29 eter ,.Room' 110 t J' n P JC t1ire. -oths':.. Bo. B Mortars 10 00-c-Li, 0 e rt,if J"d' '-be 0 t a f :Change o c Bb lassIfl, d" Group A' 42� B, B' 43,4,-52:,- Z2, B B 70 20 xed B I�V ' bn p Of Pa tf ropLe�rty.­ oil __B-�276­ Burnexts- . Otmers Constitutional -ins : B,4ZO artitions, Bear B -Non- ea B 231, r, ng F i te R68,istive.�,; B 301, .8 6 n' t eir' 'i 6'r T I Bui I dins-', T't B-, 8 f S rue ur s Perith s6t�4 Roo t t e -265 ou B-95-111 , &-fSkylighi6 i -,atlon f or--. Bo-6 &rmit k6p 1 Fj X, 343�-344' ploadv'-ei fo r B 3 '342 ' or J�k"z7, f �B-�,214-2 m Piles 'L �P-20 -e B 6 L& Spbeif, d' Plans 104 ons R aqu 2 o 92 1hel or 'B 28 Platf m. & Stages * L i r_.. t B� nd Cement -� Proje tions I Building — ype B 110 Pros-eenium ns, Ji B . ftbl te P. t 0:edlipiin roppr y -p os e B 2 B-257 �,Ram; p 5" 'Re J nforcing' .Ste6l A e qui r emen t s: for Plans A Specif Ieat!44 Aeopse ta 13 4 65 Roof 2 I Bill C On .tru -�i T ins .91 s c on, pe ld 0 it B,120-121 _24 -2.42 3' & Covering B�­244 Design, - L.1 -rings- _04, Roof G6ve -3 .4 366-Zb� -Dr lnag,e�'-, 7, B-.2411 ng' : ien F rami' -oo( B 4 sw t Str Ueturle Hous -265 Be �'B� B T rus s'ers..- 14: 'o B-3 , Sig �308 to.- S'14 I kyl I ghts oke 'Stacks m B �265. -280 ',S:Q1:ar, H�eat6r6�, S & Tower-s Bi.2.66 pires- Sprinkler, Automati e YJ re ProUctioli­ 284 283" Stages & Pi�ltf ,orm,.s 0 Arrangement �.Leeesd­ �J -'its & 1 0 lUilding lit iie 1, 1 Constr .tion 792, B_1010 tj­ A -254 -251z' Doors. Opening on-to S ed�may F, nel6sures' ti _�l F-I Excep on$ :: "Stairs -'�_Grqu�_- A-�,BlAldl 2 6 B:' B- B 36 D B-73 lot Jl, .258 Olit si do Z59 Passage, col�rldo 'Ways. & - 'Railings J3 �.9,4� 'R�Lmps enera. Do q gh: 2156, -Requir'd e ts Stellel Joist, B: � 9 e Storm hutt Ts B -273, stross-es- —Allowabb oncrete.. : -B_166 -A: B 1 Working: Masonry,� _ n eme B-�168 Unit Reinfore t ra 3t eel'­l Al lowabl 6.:-'Uni t, tresse., O, 8tjnudtu I it Connee. 1 orxs- on Details, �Coastriieti Ing 5 Draw -a B� Braction - xp an s pn -di F iame Wo r.It,Tp e I:.,-- ul *pmb6ts -�,lir.6pr66f,"lly' _e' I tp .,:-Ste.el :.., Talntj�nj:.T ote-et on Al & & Ind, p es-., it if if: Thi elffi e s i o f mat a r i als B .1,97 v Vielded Conne� tib.tas B-�,200'_ -_; B 204 orkmanship les & 'Zch6-alAds_,__l` Peirmit F B-8- Tab B-8 t 8 edul Esti -ed .)G-os -6- f or -Groi 3 h44 ip B_ Oc'eupanpy B�44 C . -54- B R B-65 G am dAt i & ',Fobtia rade �Be' 14 ' lith v ftim on pno o+. �B. 100 'T 6 1 s t,, B-119' mum --op.r"tZ kaxt span- or Fl w�P10111ing Light laf teirs B-120 Heavy Rd s'-' Rat ter" Oa 8 Unit. Live", L d 29, ve :L6ad Re luet-loris: r Ve:,i-� r e-ng th-Holl diff 'done to ]�-1'37 C 1�t Bl ompressi 4 7 -a x i miul-mi Wo"vikin' S' Stre ses for Mortars i4i B- I on Tabl es 'Schedules, Oldiitinu'ed kliowable Unit �`Sti6s66s N.or Structufal Lumber-'*B-150� Yard and Other B-150 Timber Columns B .150 Strength of.,,C - crete Mixtures :, B-162 on AllowableUnit. Stresses in Concrete. B-1616 Shrinkage', and��Teijiperature Reinforcement All owableAinift Stresses Steel and'Cast Irdn B '196 Shearing B-196 Beating ' Rivet. Spacing 98 AllowableVorking Stresses Welded Gonnectio' s' ,B--;200 n Soil Beating Ca a-city P, All owabl e ,Load, on Wood P Ill es B-209. Wall Thicknesses, Veneer' Thicknesses for .Walls B '224 ma� ximum, Uns, uppotted Heights - Partitions,' B�231 Basic Area for, Computj4g.� Stairways B-256 Flue-Sreas� � , Fire Resistive Standar,116 Minimum' Insul- I ' e et �ng rials B-300, Rated Fire.Resistance.'Periods, for Walls and .. .-Partiti.ons.;'', B-30i: Mini P mum ro�tecti6h forMetal and Wood,.Xoists B-W2 Wood Shingle Exposure B , 305 it Thickn-ess B-305 , Weight of R6-9; ting,'�-Feltz B 305 - Awning�ICohstructidn �Oecup,atlonal License Fees B-370 -Termite Provisions B-12-1501. Theatres Fire Extinguishers B-357-358:-359-360 Tiles Gypsym � B-138 Hollow, Clay -39 Title Towers and Spires -266, B Trusses - Wooden T yp e I Building- Defin1 ion B-81 B-97 B-113-122 Tyges. of' Construetion* Alternate 4 'General B-79,60 use� - Change in Violations B-16 Walls . . Anchoring of B-234 Bonds B-213 Chases end Rec esS els -B-215-222 Exterior and ino M 0 our-t Ty�e I :Buildings B-85-211-212- rl. Buildings B-101-211-212 21 ' B-216 �211 212 Fire and -Parapet . . B�-228-229 Fire Resistive B-301 it Masonry. B-216-817-218-219, Panel z_nd Enclosure B-233 and Partitions Ba-210-211�-212 -214-221 Piers B Reinforced Concrete B-223 R.e,tainihg B-132 Veneered �B-224_225-226­227 Warm- J-Ur Duets .-B-278 Furnaces B-270 -14 e,-,.ther Boarding Type III Building �.B-117 Windows �,B-262-303 Windaws and Doors Type . I Building B-109 Wood Allowable Unit Stresses B-144, qu re, Determina:tioo��of Ae , I d Sizes Fire Stops B ' Framing. Detalls B� 145 Joists- � Floor B-239 Piles B-.209� Qua,,lity and Design General B-142 Roof Framing , B-147 Stud Walls and Partitions B-146 , -148 Truszes �B Final Draft of the MIAMI SHORES VILL.�.GE BUILDING CODE FOREWORD The Building Code will list in its index the Electrical, Plumbing and Zoning Codes. Sections of. the Building Code are consecutively numbered re- gardless of Article, each section being prefixed by the letter "B" so that they may be,.easily distinguished from sections numbering of the Electrical, Plumbing and Zoning Codes. The, sections herein are numbered B-1 to B-374 inclusive. ' PREFACE AND GUIDE FOR USE OF CODES. The Building, Electrieal, ,Plumbing and Zoning Ordinances relate to the use and occupancy of land, Wilding lots and tracts together with the laws of construction of buildings and structures in and on any land within the corporate limits of Miami Shores Village, Florida. It is the intention of Miami Shores Village, Florida to make this volume complete, and at the same time segregate the various laws for ready reference. Any Owner, prospective Builder, Contractor, Real Estate Firm, Architect, E'ngineer, or anyone else may easily locate that particular portion in which they are interested, by reference to the following analysis, or by reference to the Articles and Sections appearing on the next pages, or by reference to the index. FIRST. A complete copy of the Zoning Code is contained herein. The Zoning Map will show which use is permitted, such as R, RF, A, B, and I Districts. Then refer to that particular district in the Zoning Code for further Information. SECOND. Articles 6 through 11 inclusive, divide all types of buildings as to their intended occupancy. Determine from these Articles under which group any building should be classified. The Articles covering each of thes-e groups give detailed requirements for any of the several occupanciesand in addition make specifte reference to other parts of the Building Code. After determination of the occupancy, refer to Articles 12 through 14 inclusive, for the type of construction to be used, such as Fire Resistive Ordinary Masonry or Wood Frame Construction. For illustration: Article 13 stipulates requirements for "Ordinary Masonry" (Concrete units and stucco) ;, likewise Article 14 gives detailed requirementsfor all Wood Frame Oonstruction. Study of the foregoing will show that reference is freouently made to other _parts of the Code.. Articles 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 cover engineering regulations of the quality and design of materials. Articles 20 to 33 inclusive are detailed reruiremtns for specific parts of the buildingi such as excavations, walls, enclosure of vertical openings, floor and roof construct on, stairs, ramps, doors, windows, sky- lights, bays and balconies, penthouses and roof structures, chimneys and heating apparatus, fire protective apparatus, stages, 'motion picture machine booths, storage of films and theatre Droseenium curtains. THIRD. For illustration, assume that you are building a one- family residence of masonry construction. Follow the procedure as outlined above to determine the permitted use, then refer to Article 10 for informa- tion as to certain requirements for dwellings, and to Article 13 forde- tailed requirements for Ordinary Masonry Construction. FOURTH. To secure permit, refer to Section B-6. You will note in Section B-6 the ,requirements necessary before a permit may be issued and Section B-8 lists the fees to bepaid the Building, Plumbing and/or Electrical .Divisions. Upon completion of the building, or alteration, repair and remodeliiag, you Must secure a certificate of occupancy and if the occuq-)ancy at any ,tirae is chailged you must secure a corrected occupancy certificates These provisions are out-lined in Sections B-10 and. B-11. 4,11 building construction must conform with the plans- f iled with the Building )Pivision and any 'violatiorBare subje�c_t at the order of the Buildin , I . — I I to correction _g, nopector. , A - ,the . rticle :tlaree def ines' powers and. duties . .,,.of the -Buildin- 'Inqnec- � I :, Inspector' nd ,other Dopartment ', tors of Miami Shores .Village, for the enforcement of these Codes, There are adequate provis,iojjs, within� this Code for-I the use of alternate matevia' lsj d6signs ,,or construction, ,and for th' ' ese special cases refer to the Building Inspector* ' HIA11I SHORES _�—LLLAGF, ORDIJ -,;AK NO. C.E AN ORDI-I�IANCP, REGUL.1011�i_G THE, ERECTIONS, CONSTRUCTION, E,14LARGELENT, Z-�LIT!"12-Tav-,, DEMO-LITION, ERS1011T.7 OCUI_UIIAI�,Cy, USEp H�,'TGHTI EA. 1-:.11D 1,�A,Ii1TZ0;1U,,NCE 01,1 BUITLDI_�,-]G AND/`QR STRUCTIURE, JI�iCLD-Dj-��,G SIGNS 0, &SN1_-_W",A3, SHTJ-TTXftS, STATIO-ITARY A�ypjT-,-NGS, Iiij]) Cl:�1"O':-TE6 IN 1111AI�,,11 SHORES VILI-,.2,G $ FLORIDA: PROVIDING FOR TIM ISSUL-INCE OF 2ETU11TS AND COLLL'CTIO-, OF FEES T1-_-1ERFFOR; prqO_ VIDI11G FOR THJ�� R11,01TAlk- OR 1,,,AKTjj _E G W-10,' 05' CO1,'JD&,,111 1D BUILDINGS OR STRUCTURES Z�ND FOR THE OR REIviOVAL OF NU16ANCES ANb F-O-RTH:LR FROVIDIING FOR LIENS FOR E, N XPE-1 61�3 I__NTC_0R_,'iED AND FOR THE RECOVERy OF 8 UCH h' KEWDITUR�LS; PROVIDIITG FOR THE TE1JP01URY AND PER _T ' OCCI)PAII�Xy OZ I UB P__ ElIC PLOP.E'RTY FOR CERT.A,61K USL,,,,,S TT1\TDER SPECIFIED CO"DITIONS LLND RE- GUUTIONS; CRE�ATIITG A BOA11D 01�? L--,'­ ix�v Ala) APPEU 1,11X A.111D 1"R OVID!'i,:G FOR ITS kLPr-OjjjU,,iENTj, I LOKJ,, AL�_ID A 21-ROVII]G CLRTAIN D1011 S.P:4-CIFIC,6�, TIOINS, R_1,GD_"T!o_1;6 A-jTj) STI I-il�_,`D,'IRLDS OF TE8TS �i_1`5) INSPECT-17 0-1�� R- -.r.ALjq6j 8, BY S 2 _"!,I CE; REP1!LUING ALL 01 01 -�;S OR PART6 OF ORDII�,tjNCES 111, CO-INTIPLICT HE1RLZdITH, PROVIDZL�G FOR P!�,XALTII�6 FOR 1111H1,3 VIOLATION THER]dOF; PROVITID.1111G TH-hT IN TM- !Xi�liTL &I.Ty SECTION$ SUB-6ECTIO-14, 6:j�IqTENCL,, Cj�A- OR PI-L-RA63, OF THIS ORDINJANCE Sjj&,,ruy_ BE, DECLARED OR Z-1DJUD­`ED INVALID OR T UINTCO1146TITUTIOI,V�L 3 - \J--D- 11IO_ 6 UCH A)-' U ICA! N OR ' !11J -TY 1,11,111H L01YECT -82CTIONS S-LTB- SECTIONS, SENTENCES, CLAU6ES OR OF THIS (RD11qi',NCE-9 AND IECIARING TH16 ORDI-,,fAjjL:j CE TO B EE 4,N 0,iERGE,111CY !,-�EA6URE, BE IT� ORDAINED BY rj;;;i A_ 6HORES VILL�4G:E, FLORIDAL: i�RTICLE. 1. 13 T!U-i T I V-1411 .TITIL- AND SCOPE B-1. TITLE* This Ordinance shall be lziownas the "Build Code", may be. cit-id—8s such and will be' referred to in this Ordinance "this Code." Section B-2. PURPOK,,'S- The purpose of this Code is to pro- videLcertain rn-inimum standarcLs, pro7isions and requirements for safe and stable design, methods of construction -and uses of,materials in buildings and/or structures hereafter erected, constriictedp enlarged, altbreL d paired, moved, converted to other uses or demolished and to regulat , re equipment and ma-intenance -u e the structuJoese se and ,LoCcupancy .of all buildi_cgs and/or The provisionSLof this Code shall be deemed to su-Q-,31ement any and all Ordinances, of Liami Shores Village, Florida- buildine-s related to , Section B-3, SCOP141s New buildin�­,s and/or structures here- after . erected in lKiami Shores Village, Florida,- shall conform to all juiremelits -in this Code, un-1 requirements of this Code; and all rec fically provided pss apeci- shall apply to ne.,W buildings,, Additions, alterations, repairs and chan ges to the use or occupancy in all buildings shall comply with, the requirements for ne,,,,, buildings except as other-�As6 provided in Sjection .B-4 of this Code. Section B-4. _'LIC.ITION TO L,1.13TING Bj'_­_"'.QLq3rS. The following, specified requirements shall apply to existing. buildings which for any reason uhatsoever do not conforni to the requirements of this Code. for new buildings: (a) IONS -'14D REII�P-,IRS. If alterations and/or repairs in excess of seventy-five (75) 'per cent of the value of an existing building ara .made to such LeXi sting buildingj�,,ithin any period of tuelve months, the entire building shall be -made to conform with the rec"uirements given herein for new buildings- ; provided, howev,er, that any existing building which for any reason whatsoever, requires repairs, at any one time, in excess of seventy-five (75) per cent of the value thereof, not de(�,ucting from - such value any loss c�iused by .fire or any other reason, shall be me�,.de to- conform to the requirements of- this Code. (b) Ch.,"HGEDIUSE. If the existing use or occupency of an existing building is changed to a use or occupan'cy. which woul.6� not be permitted in a similar building hereafter erected, the entire building shall be made to conform. �-,ith the requirements given herein for new buildings; provided, however, that if the. use or occupancy of only a portion or -portions of an existing building is changed and such portion. or portions are segregated as specified: in" Sectilon B-2Q of,this ,Code then only such portion o'r -portions,,of .the: b Iding need be made� to-,Comply � with said recuirementtl .and provi0ed--further, that thie ,Buildinig Inspector is hereb-�,- given authority, to approve any change in the use or occupancy of any existing building within any one Group ,or Occupancy as specified . in rlrticle 5, even though such buildin& ds. not� made 'to fully conform to the- requirements of this .,Coee, , when. it is obvious that such a ch---l.nge in the use or occupancy of the e'xisting building ir�,ill not extend or increase any existing non-cohformity or hazard of the building. (c) 1LDITIONS. Any existingbuilding not cover.ed by the pre- ceding paragraphs (a) end (b) v,'hich he4 its floor ,'area or its number of stories increased or its use or occup,.ancy changed. in any way from its former or existing use or occupancy shall be provided with stairways, emergency exits and fire protection facilities as specified in . this Code... ,for buildings hereafter erected for, similar uses or occupancies. (d)' j,,,TINOR� h1l.-r.,,"IRS. 2very, alteration 'or repai'r to any structural part or *-oortion of an existing building shall �when deemed necessary in the opinion of the Building Inspector be made to conform to the reQuirements of this Code for new buili�ings. 1.1inor al- terationsl repairs and changes not covered by the preceding paragraphs (a) , (b) , and (c) may be m-c-de ,'Ath the seme-.ibaterials of which the building is constructed; provided, that not more than twenty-five (25) per cent of tLi'le roof covering of any bu.ildin'g -shall be replt:;,,.ced in any period of twelve (12�) months unless the entire roof coverinS is made to conform with the requirements of this Code "for new buildings; provided, hov.fever, that no roofing shall be applied. over an existing �riood shingle -roof4 (e) New roofing meeting the ,requirements of this Code .may be placed over existing roofings when the existing. roofings .and roof framing is such as to permit the new roofing to be properly supported and securely fastened, provided, hovever,'� that no roofing shall be applied .over an existing wood shingle roof. Section B-5. 1LUNTENILNCE. The requirements contained in this Codei covering the maintenance of buildings, shall 9j)-ol­- to all buil�,inqs and/or structu-res noi.-, e�Asting or hereafter erec ted.7 buildings andjor , structures and all pearts .thereof shall be maintained in & safecondition, and all devices or safeguards which are required by this, Code at the erec- tion, alteration or repair of ;�,.ny building shall, be ma.intained in good � working order. This section shall not be construed as permittin- the removal or non-maintenance of any existing devices. or safeguards unless suthorized in writing by the Building Inspector. 'RTICLE 2. GZHER,�.L FRGVISIONS - Section B-6. Z.PPLIC.L'�_TIQN FOR FERMIT. No pe�s on sh�­.11 erect or construct or proceed _with the .,erection- or construct* ion .,of �ny buildo. ing or structure-, norladd to, enlarge,, move, improve, - alter, convert . -extend or -demolish any.,building o I r structure any group of buildinigs or end/or structures� under one or joint ownershi ' v�rhether on. one or' P more.. � lots or tracts of lane., or.r CaUS e the same ,td be done I I? where the cost of r r ob ta inng. 'the work exceeds Twenty-five (`�2515.0b) Dollars �ithout, fi st, a building permitther.pfot from the Building,� Inspector. any person desiring a building perilit as required by this Code shall file with the Building InfYiector an therefor P in writing on a blank' form to be furnished for that purpose. :5very sucil application for a p e ruii t shall describe the land , upon, whi ch the proposed building or -work i's to be done,, either by, lot,� block and/or tract, or a similar general description that will readily identif y cmd def initely ' locate, ptoposedl� building or work. Every such apial'icatibn 'sh-all show the use ar o c cu-pancy.1 .of I - all parts .of the building and such. other, �.reasonabl e inf ormE),.tiqn as may b 6, .,,required. Copies of, ,pl.ans and specifications and a plot plan showin .91 the location of.,the_.' n ng , pro7bosed .-bui,l;�dng -q-.nd,:of every ex I I 'L�; I I I I " I I �, 14 1 4sti ig build thereon, shal,l � d,ccom. any evary .app i6a'tion for ,a,,,,g-erait, . ane, "hall be V_1 tj_j filed in du-olic' a-te'- the- Building n,spector; Provide6 , however, th;2-,t` . the Building Inspector may ,,&uthorize. .the issuance . o' f a- -oer.rait without pLans or specificE�LtiQn'6 for sms7ll or unimportant, v,.,o r k (Seb , Zoning brdinence of �Iiami 3hores , Village Plans shall be drawn. to scale upon substantial Daper or cl )th and the essential parts shl-:.Il be -draWn tola scale of -no t less than one- eig ' (1/8-) inch. t o o n-e f oot.i hth Plans .'and specif icatirons s ha-11 be of sufficient clarity to indicate the nature. �,nd .character of the work proposed -and to show th,-.t they will comply with -this Code and the Building Laws of the klami Shores Village.. (a) Computations st'rain - sheets, stress', diagrams and other data necessary to- show- tbe correctness of. the plans, shall- accompany the - plans �L:nd specificat.ions when, reruirediby the Euildi,ng Inspector. (b) A plan and -spocifIcation, as required. by the ,Plumbing and �Ile.ctrical Code � shsll be,. submitted to : the Division of Plumbing -on and such plans sh 11 beapproved. P..nd ta:mped by that Division. , Inspecti S 1.=_�n s s ba-I I b e- subi�ltt ed to the 1-11,anning Board f or approval as to confory_qity� with the. Zoning �Ordinance of-Idiami Shores. Village.1 �iny speci'I icationz in whi c h general' ex-pressibins ,are. used. to' the-,effect that 3w-ork shall ' be done i-n, accordance with ..the Building Code�', or -'to the -satisfaction of the Building Inspector�' shall be deemed. im- p erf lect and incomplet.e and,. every reference to this Code s ha.11 be, -to' the section or s-ab-section applicable to the materi'a-I to be, used o r to the . m.ethod .of construction P.Popose.d.. -o For buildings , and/or structures alterations reairs Am- 3 3 A; prQvemdnts, replacements and a' ddit,i6'ns .costing Two hundred, (�200.00), Dollars or over the plans and Specifications shall be. prepared and ap- :proved 'and bear the ..seal of an _i�rdhitec.t and/or Engineer, -said -Engin-eer shall have, _qualification articularly p-erta'ining to the work involved p either of whom r'aust be duly registered in th'e State, of Florida'-, together with the neme and 'address of 'Such `_,rchitOct and/or 2nginser, cnd accom�' pani I ed, if require(f, by a written certifi cate, of the _Lre,hitect E...nd/or Ensineer. certifying that zuch- plans and specifications conform in every respect' with the provisions. of this Code.' Each sheet of ev-ery plan filed- vi,ith the Building 'Inspector.- sha 1.1 bear thLe seel of I the _'zrchitect ��_nd/or ��ngipeelr.,I as, required. in this 2-jection. Nothing in, the _,'�_rticle -shrlI, be construed to allov.i. or per,lit the suc'cbssive use� of plans and, specif ic-at-'.ons prejpared. �or one. l,-)cation., ijIL other locatIon or locations unless they be revised by the Architect and/or Engineer to comply with the provisions of this Code and Zoning Code. MOVING OF BUILDINGS. It shall be unlawful f or any person, firm or corporation to 'move any building or buildings within Mliarni. Shores Village, Florida, or to move any building or buildings outside limits of. !dliami Shores Village into the limits of Miami Shores Village without having first obtained a written permit -from the Village 1"lanager of Miami Shores Village so to do* In no case shall any building or buildings be moved within .the limits of Miami Shores Village from out of the limits of Mliami Shores Village into the limits of Lliami Shores Village in any restricted area wherein and whereby the same would violate any restrictions of the Zoning Ordinance. Section B-7. BUILDII,,�G. The application, plans and specifi- cations filed by an- applicant for * a,,permit shall be checked by the Build- ing Inspector and, if found to be in conformity with the requirements *of this Code and all other laws or ordinances applicable thereto) shall be submitted to the Planning Board ,for approval and after such approval the Building Inspector shall, upon receipt of the required fee, issue a per- mit therefor. The Building Inspector- shall have sufficient and,reasonable time in which to properly check plans and specifications submitted, which plans shall bechecked by him in the order in�which they are filed. When the Building Inspector issues the permit he shall endorse in writing or stamp both sets of plans and specifications "llriproved. 11 one such ap-,proved set of plans and specifications shall be,-retained by the Building Inspector as a public record., and one such approved set of plans and specifications shall be returned to the- applicant., which set shall be kept on such building or work at all times during which the work authorized thereby is in progress and shall be open to inspection by public officials . Such approved plans and specifications shall not .be changed, modified or altered without authorization from the Building Inspector, and all work shall bedone in accordance with the approved plans. Section ,B-8. FEES. Any person desiring a building permit shall, in addition. to fil7r--gar- application therefor.. pay to Miami Shores Village, Florida, before such, permit is issueds a fee as required in this section as follows : For each new building and/or additions up to and including Two Hundred (1, 200*00) Dollars of 68- timate'd cost of construction a fee of Two Dollars.,.,and Fifty, 32.150) C 6-thts -shall be charged. For ,.ne-w buildings and/or additions above Two Hundred .(�`-200.00) -41 Dollars of estimated cost, a fee of Five (�5.00) Dollars is charged for the first One Thousand (01,,000.00) �'Dollarb, 'plus One (�1.00) Dollars per One Thousand (�,�l.,000.00�, .Dollars or fraction thereof up to and including Seventy-five Thousand Qp75.,000.00) Dollars. plus Seventy-five (0.75) Cents per thousand (,�21.,000.00) Dollars for all over Seventy-five Thousand ("'�-75.,000.00) Dollars. For alterations and/or remodeling up to and inclUding One Thousand 000*00) Dollars of estimated cost a fee of Two Dollars and Cents is charged plus One , ("'1,00) Dollar for each additional Fifty 2 01 111) One Thousand Q�A.,OOOXO) Dollars or fraction thereof. For . general repairs exceeding Twenty-five (�"25000) Dollars of estimated cost of construction or improvements in any manner,, a fee of One (,)*00) Dollar per Thousand Q'liOOOXO) �Dollars or fraction thereof is chargedo For each awning or roller. curtainxM0W4W- ffjK over public property a fee of One -Q)1,.00) Dollaz, 'is charged. For moving buildings a fee of Five ($5.00) Dollars is charged for each building of five �(5_) rooms or less., and ten (030.00) Dollars for each building over five (5) roomso Any building of more than One Thous- and (1,000) square feet of first floor area shall take the higher classi- ficationo Miami Shores Village, the County of Dade., the State of, Florida, and the United States of America, shall be exempt from the paying of any fee for any building permit. Permit for any such work shall be issued by the Building Inspector, on the approved form, and marked "no charge." However, nothinS in this section shall exempt the above from procuring permit from the Building Department on the blanks provided there- for. .Application for building permits shall furnish an estimate of the cubic contents of the buildingas a basis for determing the proper fee to be charged. The cubic contents shall .be taken as specified. in the r? Zoning Code. The estimated cost of any building shall be determined by the cost per cubic feet as given in the following table : EST11iIATED COST SCHEDULE Group Type Cost per cu. fte A .35 . B '.35 B .25 C .40 0 *27 D .25 D *17 E .50 E .40 F .50 F 033 F �030 NOTE: Dimensions for calculating cubical contents shall be in accordance with the dimensions specified in the Zoning Code. Construc- tion of all kinds and character shall be included in figuring the estimated cost for permit purposes. Where work for which a permit is required by this Code is started or proceeded with prior to obtaining said permit., the fees above specified shall be. doubled.. but the payment of such double fee shall not relieve any persons from fully complying with the' requirements of this Code in the execution of the work nor from any other penalties prescribed herein. The Building Inspector shall keep a permanent,, accurate account of all tees charged under this Code and give the name of the persons, the date and the amount thereof., together with the-.1ocation of the building or premises to �which they relate,. , Section B-9. INSP1,00TION The Building Inspector shall inspect or cause' to be inspected at- wa—rious in- tervals during erection, construction, enlarginEl, alteration, repairing, moving, demolition conversion,, occupancy and underpinning all buildings and/or structures r2eferred to in- this Code and located in Miami' Shores Village., and a final inspection shall be made of every building and/or structure hereafter* erected prior to the issuance of the Certificate of occupancy as specified in Section B- 10 . No building construction, alteration, repair or demolition requiring a building permit shall be commenced until the permit holder or his agent shall have posted the building permit card in a conspicuous place on the front of the premises and in such position as to permit the Building Inspector to conveniently make the required entries thereon re- specting inspection of the work. 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"":,�- ..-"t ,'- '. , ­ I "' � *L'��L,:"��­"'�'_�'. -.,, ,,'-, "� �,`, -, -:*-Ix�vlow�o " I _ 1, I ," ,. I "T,: �."-.-,".. _, _ � " " "." . . , ", 1 -7 " ` . � yo, . :,.:. 66 �11 - , 5 , �,, r.. , , � � - - , ,- - ,�V? '1� � 'r- , ,,, ,�" , _� ­ ,� , ' ' ­ ,� - �__�� ,: '11.,.L 1�' ,�i;'-- ,"',�-,�-'_,-":,,',��:�- ,, A�-, -,,�" I , - . , �, :�,`A , , 4 __ � , , I. ,I �_ �: .1, - ,�, ��,��", ­ � ' �_ 1. . I . �, "k � - - " I ._ ..,, ­__ 0 ,, - � !rj � _ " - , - , , -1: , K�now' ' - - . � � I '4- __ __ .--: ,,"-_:,�-�:,,�Z�., _,� . , I , ,:., �, , � 1� , Q A,,,,,,, ,,�;:_,�__,_,,� L...��'',�.�- L , J�j,,,,, , � � . __�c : -1_- .� ."ii���� "',�� '. ,�, " :., � __, _ __� _ - ,�, " ,,,, .1.�: ;1, �,I - ,�,�,-,�;' -:� ��,. , .-�rr .,- ,_.:��."," ! ,_ ,��;" _", -_," �'L ­ '' , , .. _ , ,� - , _, ,� , � L, ­�, .--,.,. ��.-,-,.,,,-,- , ___ , 1�� .,.�, I'�..�"., '. - - , ",,,� . " , :r . ,.., _ � ,.� � .,� , - -�, , ,-, '. - . .. ,.. , , � - Lr,,,, -" ..".",�, i , - i , , � ,. ,.:,_, "I ., . ', _r, - . - _ , �, , - ;- :.� �b�. .�� . , _�',­-,'.' I , ��_" , , "'. .'�:�, -,,- , "'. . I ) . " , " ,� 111000;h� I A �any it,AM a "� 'L . .,� " i"'., , - . �� , �'� ��, �: ;� - L YN"­ Wv The Building Inspector upon notification from the permit holder or his aGent shall make, the following inspectiorBof buildings and shall either approve that portion of the construction as completed or shall notify the permit holder or his agent wherein the same fails to comply with the law. FOUNDATION INSPECTION; To be made after the trenches are excavated, . the necessary. forms erectedi reinforcina steel is placed and 1-3 when all materials for the foundations are delivered on the job. BMA&Mi IESPECTION: To be made after the roof, all framing fireblocking and bracing is IF place and all pipes, chimney and vents are complete. � , FIXAL INSPECTION: To ' be made afterbuilding is completed and 'is ready for occupancy. No work shall be done on any part of the building and/or structure beyond the point indicated in each successive inspection without first obtaining the approval of the Building Inspector. Such approval shall be given only after an inspection diall have been made of each suc- cessive step in the .construction as indicated by each of the above for inspection. No reinforcing or- structural framework of any part of any build- ing or structure shall 'be covered or concealed in any manner whatsoever without first obtaining the ap-proval of the Building Inspector. In all buildings where plaster is used for fire protection purposes the permit holder or his agent shall notify the Building Inspector after all lathing and backing is in place and all plastering materials are , delivered on the job and no plaster shall be applied until the approval of the Building Inspector has been received. Section B-10. CE--iTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY. No building shall be occupied in any part thereof-u-n1ess or until a Certi-ficate of Occupancy has been issued by the Building Inspector. The Building Inspector shall, after an appl'ication therefor has been filed by the owner, or his agent., issie a Certificate of Occupancy for such build-Ing., if after inspection .it is found that such building complied with the provisions of this Code and all other requirewents of law or ordinance ap-c-,licable thereto. Such Certificate of Occupancy shall show the use to which the structure may be put and the maximum allowable floor loads. for each .floor thereof. A temporary Certi- ficate of Occupancy may be' issued by the Building Inspector for the tempor- ary use of a portion of a building prior to the completion and occupancy of the entire building. Section B-11* MiNGE OF' OCCUPANCY. The use or occupancy of any building shall not be cl�angea untTl a pe icate of Occupancy per- mitting the new use. or occupancy is issued by the -Building Inspector when the new occupancy is such as to require alterations or repairs of the build- ing,, as specified in this Code. No such�'Certificate of Occupancy shall be issued unless the building shall comply with the requirements of this Code as specified in Section B-10. ARTICLE 3. F,1,1,1P OR CE,iv'Z,14T Section B-12* PMERS AND DUTIES OF BUILDIKG 111�SPECTOR. The Building Inspector is hereby authorized and directe to enforce all of the provisions of this Code and for such purpose he shall have the power of a Police Officer; provided, however, that where inspection, approval or tests - are specifically mentioned to . be made by other Departments or Inspectors of kliami Shores Village, that such duly authorized Inspector shall have the power to enforce such specific duty and for such purpose the duly authorized Inspector shall have the power of a Police Officer. The Building Inspector or his authorized representative as specified above, may enter any building or premises, for the purpose of inspection or to prevent Violation of this Codej upon presentation of the proper credeatials.� )1henever any build-`.ng wo rko' is�* bein�' ddne contrary -to the 0 provisions of this Code.- or is being done in an unsafe or dangerous manner " the Building Inspector shall order the work stopped by" notice in writing served on any persons engaged in the doing or causing such work to be done., and any such person shall f6rthwith 'stop such work until authorized by the Building Inspector to recommence and proceed with the work* 17hen6ver any building or portion thereof is being used or , occupied contrary to the provisions of this Code,, the Building Inspector shall order such use or occupancy to be discontinued and such .person shall vacate such building or portion thereof within ten (10) .days after receipt of such notice,, or make the building or portion theroof comply with the requirement of this Code; provided., however,, ,that in the event of an emer- gency and for the removel or making safe of condemn- ed . Buildings, and/Or Structures and for the abatement or removal of nuisances, the following shall apply: Any building and/or structure or portion thereof, including buildings and/or structures in process of erection,, ,if found to be dangerous to persons or property, or unsafe for the purpose for which it is being used, or if damaged by fire, windstorm' or from other causes., or in danger ' from ,fire.. windstormor other hazards.. due to defects in construction, or dangerous for the use, because of insufficient means of egress in case of . fire, or w3hich violates the provisions of this Code, due to removal, decay, deterioration or the falling off of .anything, appliance., device or require- ment originally req-,__,ired by this Code or which has become damaged by the elements- or fire to an extent of fifty (50) per cent of its value, may be condemned by the Building Inspector. The Building Inspector may order por- tionslof the' structural frame of a building or structure to be exposed for inspection when in his opinion they are in an unsafe condition. ' 'In any of the aforesaid, cases the Building Inspector shall serve notice in writing on the owner or person in charge of such building or premises, or tenant, sett- ing forth what must be done to make such. buildings safe., and the . t.ime specified for the completion of the work required to be done by the terms of such notice. The personreceiving such notice shall commence within forty-eight (48) hours thereafter to make the changes, repairs- or alteratioris set out in such notice. and diligently proceed with such work or demolish the building. No such building shall be occupied or used for any pn�?polse after the Building Inspector serves notice of its, unsafe or dangerous con- dition until the instructions of the Building Inspector have been complied with* If$ at the expiration of the time as set forth in the first notice, the instructions, as stated have .not been complied with, a second notice shall be served .personall7T upon the owner,, his agent, or the person in possession., charge or control of -sucb building or structure or part thereof, stating . therein such precautionary measures as may be necessary or advisable to place such building and/or structure or part thereof in safe condition. , Proper service of either such notices shall be personal service upon the owner of record., if he shall be .within Miami Shores Village; if he is not in Miami Shores Village,, such service may be had upon �any person ac- customed to collect 'rents".. 'on the property in question who may be in Yliami Shores Village, and in the absence of such person, upon the tenant oft he premises; in the event such pr-e-mises are vacant. 'and the owner- is not in lvliami Shores Village,., such services will be completed vh'en the ,notice is sent by regdsteredmail to the. last known address of the said owner; when- ever the owner, agent :or tenant is a corporation, service -may be upon the President, Vice-President, Secretary or Treasurer, or in the absence of any of these, the local representative of such corporations. If. at the expiration' of the time specified in such notice, the owner, aL�ent or tenant has failed, neglected or refused to comply with said notice the Building Inspector shall cause .to be made by two disinterested 1ilaster Builders an appraisal of the buildings and conditions . Should they fail to agree a third Master Builder shall be appointed and if the final decision agrees with that of the Buildip-G, .Inspector, the Building Inspector shall- hav6- the authority, and it shallbe his duty to forthwith make safe or tear downP or,.-cause to' be torn down such bui-ldin--.-s,. st-ructurea or parts thereof as 1,11ami- Shores Village may elect., .and"the expense,.. of removing such building or of making it safe, orabating, or removing, such nuisance, shall be paid by, the ovn-ier . of such property. it shall ,be unlawful f or 'any person., persons., firm or corpora- tion to remove any notice of an. unsafe, br unsanitary ,condition posted by th Building., Inspe6tor upon any ,building:, strueture� or part, thereof or, to move into or : continue to occupy an such obndemnedbuilding structure- or 'Part ther eof; And -it shall bO , the*" duty of a ny person-,- persons tenant or -occupai. it of any building �o r, structure 'o r part thereof Which has 'been so 0 �o st ed by.� the-, Buil ding I 'unsafe ar unsanitary, to, imme- . ,nspector as. being diately vacate -a i - the me in adcordence1w th time �given in post6d'� 'notice' unless� extension- of time i a given in wr1t, ing by� the Buildin Insp6 tori, When ,any buil d ing -or othet. structure has been re'moved 'or- has been made safe by Miami Shores .Villulg nuisance htE,s. been ' ab e or, a atbd or : removed-by the Village ,—cs provid.ed'' in this Section, the e xpense therqby, i . incixrred� shall Wa charge again6t -the, owner or the' lot or lots of � land up9n: w4ich said building or �other st-ructurewas located, Tfie� ebst' .of -re- moving any .such building ,or ' bther structure or: the -�Fb,-a)temeht -or removal of-,any nuisance m;uy be reco Ore ' y an, 'appropri'ate ae.ti I o A, at�,,l a W,- or by e. P . ­ . I I v d'b n orcing. the said .,lien in � the same manner O�s_ improvement lieyls , or. as s es' s*- ments in favor of the Vi,11age, are enforced, ot. in any ,oth-er .manner rovided p by law.: TER11ITB,'PRQV-I&IONS._ Wh*enever. the Building Inspector� has of the existence :of termite In an* building or 'structure :he shall y have -the power, and:-it is . his : dulty to�� notify the tenant ' 'the agent , or owner of such bililding ,or. structure in writing to take the necessary meas- the exterrainetl6n of ure,s foi termltes�.from - any, zuch building or structure within- E, reasonable length of time,,, not, ,'to exceed, sixty '(60) da�ys. llny.:� tonant,. or agent, or bi,,,ner, failin,6, to'.'comply� with such 'notic:e shall be , . rdelemed guilty of violating, the proiTisions, of�- tillis ord'i nan1c, e: and �shall be subject to. all the: P' enaitles­ provi-ded herelh., Section, B-�;13. '.P�,UhhRLTL L�.TLI, J-LS �ND TYPES 'OF CONSTRUCTION. The p.ro,vi. sions of, thi-s:, Code -are 'not intended: to pre, v. enE tEe use ,of typ-et - the � types of con- of construction or ,mcaterials, offered .as. an b1ternate, for'. s t ruct I o n� or matert�ls required b�i this Code, but such alternate types of construction -'or materials to-� be, given consideratioa- shall-� be, offered for as specif ed his . � I' in t -Art- cle. -,er dls' y co -st tiba, ref erred to t'' s­,�of n rue ge q :the'* God'e, t4a , Us" f-' whiz h i-s �the` same- a-s� is i-rit..exid6d,�for the -nemv, mater--` pf ial- or' construotion; an6 approvelf shp-11 be -considered es .-standards of, quality and strengt-fi if no specif ications , are, provided.- !�,nyl.pers,06., desirin -to,� or materials not sp.ec if ical,l�- mentiohef n 'thi's code,- hall -file w i th the Buildin In- I I . i s 9 ageotdr :auth.entic .-,pro,o�f.-in support: 'of .,'blaims th,-�t ,.may -be .ma&e regp.,rdlng the suf f Jc1ency of., such Qf� Ponstrue' tion and -materia�ls and , request ',,approval and. permission 'for,� their The, provisions'r!Of t7l"is' Oode:.-relatlive to engineering design S -Sta 0 shall ndt p.reV.ent -a , Structural I ngineer, registered in the te f F1 05­rida, from using design methods recognized. as� good Praetice by.I the, engineering prof ession-', provided.l.such angineer�:secures. the approval, -of..."the. Building Inspector 'for his prd,cedure.­-7,nd further brovided that unit .,stresses used are-Ti.thin the unit, stresses spp�clfied 1� this Code. such alternate types." Of The, Building .1nsp,ector may approve end as amendm coiistruction or. =ate' 'rials and/or,- _m�Ly '7r.ecd-in6 'i p'nt. or methods,­ to 'thi s Code ' la order,,:,to, �aake permissible the us,e of - saine. If of - 'esign the-revi-dence - nd 'Pro.of are not 'fufficient, -in the opinlon of the Building -oval or r,eco Ins' ector to justify ' the appr mmendation'.' for an amendment,, the., p applicant may ref er the, entire -matter to. .the Board. of Exa-aine-rs and.:App'eals,, �as spe ied in S e c t I o n, Section' B-14..: F?,A- LS. An�r person- whose ap.blicat-io4 � building permi-t 'for -,the-.,use of an alterm-i.te matdrial' or':�o�ype of -construction �or method o.-.L-: design haa­ been rbf used by- the, Building-. Inspector, or who may 4at the provisions of -this bode do not cover t.he ­potrit raise'd or considpr . t In- tii-,,).t any particular provision or interpretation .thdreof ',by the- Building �sp:ector Would. cause a manifest injury to. be done, may, w)pef�.l to , the- Boardof -Examiners and �;.�.Dpeals- by s-erving a notite -in writint on the Building In- - Ppqc�tor in. wl-iich- it shal-1 be stated,. that the ,aDDl.ica'nt*, desiring -to, use the 4 ,-sign �or that the e a .-types of construction,, or. m t,hod ,ofde alternate. m4--,.t ri' ls ,�or.. e applican.t considers the Code does not cover. or th,-,t the ,interp.retation , of the, Co:de by the Bui.lding, Inspee'tor Would cause� manifestlnjury ,to the wpolicant and the dpplicant 81(iall. guarantpe payment, of all expenses1for Aecessary tests 'he BQard�-Of and,l'�:Ppe,&ls. Such notice shall be made or, 'ordcred by �t e mitted at one trans to the Board ,- :w1hicb Board shal 1 2�rrahge for a h,earing onl ,thO particular point-. ralsbdo -Such written notices shall be accompanied with the sum .of ,Ten (",AO.00) Dollars. payable to LUami 'Shores Village, , Florida, If the appeal be .approved o.r denied such fee shall .,be retainedlb-y--t-he Village- -INL Section B-15.� BO��D OF !!,,LY1L 4RS AND In order to determine the suitability of alternate materials fEind construction and to provide for reasonable, .interpretatioris of the provisions of this Code there shall be andishereby created. a Board of Examiners and Appeals, consisting of (four (4) members,, one,member shall be the Village Manager-, one a competent builder of structures on land-, who is a � res.ident of _. Kiami Shores Village, one a Regi-stered Architect or Engineer of the State of Florida and a resident 'of Miami Shores Village, and the Build- ing Inspector, who shall be and act as Secretary to the Board, but the. . Building .Inspector. shall have no vote ,in the official proceedings of the Board.. The Board of Examiners and iippeals shall be appointed by the Village Council and shall hold. offide for one year) . The Board shall adopt reasonable rules bnd regulations for conducting its investigations, and shall render all . decisions and findings in .writing to the Building Inspector, with a duplicate copy to the appellant and L.Lff RECOMITEND to the' Village Council suchnew legislation as is consistent therewith. The Board of Uxaaiiners and 14peals may interpret the pro- visions of the Code to cover a special case, if it appears that the pro,visions ,of the Code do not definitely cover the point raised or that a manifest. ,injustice might be done, provided that every such decision C) shall be by unanimous vote of the Boee.r'd of Examiners and Appeals. L Deci- sions, as- to the use of alternate materials- and/or types .of construction shall be by majority vote* Section B-16. VIOILLTIONS AND PENIiLTIES. It shall be unlawful for any �erson,,Jirm, partnership, corporation, ��ssodiation or other .organization, or any combina,tion� of -any there I of to erect, construct, en- large, alter, repair move, remove, demolish, conv6rt, equip, use ot oc- cupy or maintain any building and/or structure or any portion of eemy buil6ingand/or structure -in Miami Shores Village, Florida, contrary to or inviolation of any provisions ' of this Code, or to cause, permit or suffer the same to be done. ' The issuance or granting of a permit or approval of plans , and/or specifications shee,ll not be deemed or -construed to .be a permit for, or an approval ,,of. any vialatloh of� any of the provisions of this Code, No permit presum, ing to give the authority" to violS..te or cancel the pro-. visions of this Code'. shall be 'valid, except insofar as .the work or use v,,ihich it. autho-rizes is . l,awful., p alad specifications shall The' issuance of a per�mit­,U, on plans not prevent the Building Inspector from thereafter ,reciuiring the cor- . �rection of errors in said -plans ,and specifications, 'or from preventing building operations, beln_1 g carrie'-d bn ,tberounderl-,i,-�hen in. violation of tiA s d&de :or any othp'-� or'dinp.ncet OP Miami!­Shor�e6 Village, Florida. Every permit issued by, the .Building Inspectorlunder the pro . visions of this Code shall' expi,re by limitation and become null and void, if the building or wo I rk authorized by such_ permit is not coa—aenced within i t six (6) months from the day of such per ..LRTIOLL 4. DEF iITIOFS Section B-17.1 DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this Code, certain terms, phrases and words their derivatives shall ,-be construed as set out in this seation. ffords. u, sed in, the singular include the plural and the plural the singular. Words used in the masculine gender include the'� feminine, and the feminine the masculine. 'Nherever a section, article lerstood to or part is . referred to in this Code by number it shall be anc refer to a section, article, or ,part of this .Gode. ALUY: Lnyroadway, place or public way dedicated to public use and twenty, (20) feet or less in width, unless otherwise officially designated as a street. 11LThR_­_TION: Alter or alteration means Fny. change, addition or mo6ification ,in construction .or occupancy# . _10— APARTi,d-0T HOUSE Or BUILDIHG: Ziny buildin,.,, or 'part t.1-1ereof., where separate accommodations for more than two families living independ- ently o-0 each other are supplied to transient or permanent guests or tenants, LLP_kPLT1,,L,'NT: Is a room or suite of rooms which is occupied or which is intended or designed to be occupied by one family for living and sleeping purposes, APPROVED: As to materials and types of constructions, refers to approval by the Building Inspector as the result of investigation and tests. conducted by him, or by reason of accepted principles or" tests by national authorities, technical or scientific, organizations . AREA: (See "Floor Area") . ATTIC: or ATTIC STORY: Is any story situated wholly or partly in theroof, so designated, arranged or built as to be used for business, storage or habitation, BALCONY: Is that portion of the seating space of an assembly room which is raised .four (4) feet or more above the kw)level of the main flooro BASEMENT: Is that portion of a building between floor and ceiling which is partly below and partly above grade (as defined in this Sectioni , but so located that the vertical distance from grade to the floor below is less than the, vertical distance from grade to ceilin (See 118tory"' ) .9 BAY WIIiDOW: Is a rectangular., curved or. polygonal window., supported on a foundation extending beyond the main wall of the building. BUILDING: Anything c onstructed or ere.cted., the' use of which ,demands a permanent location on the land;, or anything attached, to some- thing having a permanent location on the land* BUILDING INSPECTOR: The Building Inspector or any regularly authorized deputy. CAST STOT,'JE: Shall be understood to mean a building stone manufactured. from. cement conerete, . pre-cast and used as tri:m, veneer and/or facing on or in buildings and other structures , CEIZAR: Is that portion of a building between floor and ceil- ing which is wholly or partly below� grade (as defined in this Section) and so located that the vertical distance -from grade to the floor below is eqqdl to or greater than the 'Vertical distance from 'grade to ceilings (See 113tory) COURT: Is an open, unoccupied space,, bounded 'on two or more sides by the walls of the building. An inner court is a court entirely with- in the exterior walls of a. buildine. All -other courts are outer courts . D13AD LO.AD- In a building includ as the weight of the walls, permanent partitions, framing, floors, roofs and all other permanent, station- ery constructi,on forming a part of the building. Y,I ELI -building, or any portion the eof., which is not W LING: '� Is any . r an 11,kpartment ,H6usell as defined--1n this Code.. which contains one 'or more .11L-ipartments" or "Guest Rooms". used, intended or designed to be used, built, rented, leased, let or hired-,out to be occupied or which are occupied for living purposes by not -more than two (2) separate-- faTiriilies. =71STING BUILDING: Is a building already erected or one for which a legal permit has been issued prior to the adoption of this Code. FACED ld=­ Is a wall in which the masonry facin�S and bacl:ing are so bonded as to e7e�t a common action under load, FAMILY: One or more persons occupying premises and� living as a single housekeeping units 7,LOOR AREA: Is the area included within exterior walls or within exterior walls and fire walls of a building e�-.cl-usive of vent shafts and courtso FRONT OF LOT: Means the front boundary line of lot bordering on the street, and in the ' case of a corner lot may be either frontage. FOOTING OR FOU14DATIOW: is the s-oreadinr� course at the 'base or bottom of .a foundation wall., column or pier* GILLLERY- Is that portion of the seatin' - of an assembly ( g space room having a seating capacity of. more than ten 10) and located above a balcony. GARAGE: Any premises where automotive vehicles are mechanic-. �ally repaired�, rebuilt orLreconstructed -1 , e�xce-pt t1r ose JesbribarJ as a private storage garage and except duly authorized agencies for the sale CD of new automobiles. GAM&GE LLP,�RMIENT Is a dwelling with living quarters on the second floor above a "Private Garage.11 GL3AGE PRIVATE:, Is a building or a portion of a building in which motor vehicles used by the tenants of the building or buildings on the premises are stored or kept. PRADE: Men used in connection with lumber., meqns the divi- sions of sawn lumber ip-to quality classes with resDect to its physical an6mechAnical properties as defined in published -lumber manufacturer 's standard grading rules . The established.. grade shall be taken as . the center of the Village pavement, top of curb or top of cement sidewalk., which of these points is at thehighest elevation. -Where grades, at these points ,.are not ,available or where -such grade or gTades are impractical adjustment shall be made by, .,,the d.esigner of the build:�g or structure with the Building Inspector*' GRADL, F11,TISHED: ,. (1) For buildings adjoining one street only, the elevation ofthe sidewalk at, the center of .that wall adjoining the street. (2) For buildings adjoining more than one street the average of the elevations of the sidewalk at centers of all walls ad'Joining streets . (3) For buildings, having no walls adjoining the street, the average level of the around (finished- surface) adjacent to the exterior walls of , the building. 4,11 walls approximately parallel to and not more than five -(5) feet from a street line are to be considered as *adjoining a street. GUEM : 1deans any person hiring and occupying a room for ,living and sleeping purposes * GUEST ROOIM: Means a room in a building occupied, or intended and designed to be occupiedp let or hired out to a "Guest",, HEIGHT OF BUILDING: The "height" of a. building is the vertical distance measured in the case of flat roofs from the curb level to the level of, the highest point of the buil�fling, and in the case of pitched roofs from the curb level ,to the topmost part of the highest gable. logie're the walls of a building do not adjoin-the street, the average level of the. ground adjoininG the building FD may be taken in measuring its height instead of the curb le vel* HOTEL: AL .building, occupied as the more or less temporary abiding place of individuals who are : lodged with or without meals and in which there are ten (10) or more sleeping rooms usually occupied sin L gly and no provision' mad6 for cooking in any individual room or a artment. p LINTEL: Is the beam or girder. placed over. an opening in .e. wall, .and which supports the -wall construction above, LIVE LOADS: Are allimposed, fixed or transient loads other than "Dead Loads." Y"fSONRY: Is that form of construction composed of stone., brick, concrete, gypsum, hollow clay tile, concrete bloc. ks,. or tile, or other similar building units, gr materials or combination of these materials laid up unit by unit and set ir flortare For the purpose of this. Code Dlain monolithic concrete shall be considered as masonry. SULID ,11,1&801�RY: Dleans masonry built without hollow spaces. MES SArl I HE OR KEZLAfT1T\TE! FLOOR: Is an intermediate floor placed in any story or, room. �Ihexi ti-ieltotal area of any such "Nezzanine, Floor" exceeds thirty-three and one-third, (,33. 1/3) per cent 'of.-the : total floor-area in that room or story in which said "Vlezzanine Floor" occurs, it shall be donsidered as constituting an additional "Story". The , clear height above or below a 1111,1ezzanine Floor" construction shall be ,,not. less than seven (7). feet. OOCUPANCY: As used in this 'Code pertains to and is, the pur- pose for which a building is usedl:or intended to be used. Change of occupancy- is not intended to include change of tenants or proprietors. ORIEL WINDOW, Is a-Yind'ow that projects from the main line of an enclosing wall, of a building,, and �,-is carried on brackets or corbels. PERSON: Means a natural person, his heirs, executors., admini- strators or assigns' and also"'includes' a firm., partnership or corporation., its or , their successoVs'. or-�aosigns� or- the aSent of any of theaforesaid. REPAIR: heans the reconstruction or renewal of any part ,of an existing building, for the ,-.yurpose of its maintenance. The word "Repair" Q epair&- "shall--not- a ply any, c p to hange-, of*,construdtion. Every compartment inanapartment house, or rooming house., including parlors, dining rooms, sleeping porches., kitchens', offices., sample rooms, living rooms., sleeping rooms,, but not including halls., bath rooms, toilet rooms., closets., pantries., or store rooms* Laid in an apartment having no designated dining room, any " dining space wherever located shall be classed: a8 a dining room. ROOMING HOUSL]: Every house., boat,- vehicl'e, or other structure.. or any place or location .kepto used., maintained., advertised or held out to the- publiolto, be a place where living quarters,, sleeping or housekeeping accommodations are supplied for pay to transient or permanent guests or tenants whether in one or adjoining buildings* 3 -ATI Z NG CAPACITY: The seating capacity of a theatre., audi-, torium or any room or place �of public assembly in which seats are not fixed shall be determined on a basis of sever! (7) square feet of floor, balcony and/or gallery area per person, and in the case of fixed seats such as pews orbenches the seating capacity shall be- based on' one person' to each eighteen (18) inches. of pew or bench length. EXCEPT"10NIS: (a) The capacity of dance floor or the playing areas of gymnasiums when such areas or floors are not to be used for general assembly purposes phall be determined on the basis of fifteen (15) square ,feet offloor areaper persono (b) ,� 'The capacity-of school class rooms, individual rooms in public llbrari6siand musemns., when two thousand (2.,000) square, feet or less in floor area, shall be determined on the basis of ,twenty (20) sqjaare feet of floor area per person* SBAFT: 1,1eans ,a vertical "openinG through a building for. eleva- tors,, dumb waiters,, light., ventilation or similar purposes . SHIZL: As used in thi s Code., is mandatory. STL6GE: Is a raised platformin an assembly� room which is cut off from, the audience section by a proscenium wall and where the wing space is over. three (3) feet beyond the proscenium opening on .one or both sides and/or where there is.- more than three (3) feet-' of open space above the, ,pro- sdenium opening, STORY: Heans that portion of a .building included between- the upper surface of any floor and the unders urface of the floor next above,, except that the topm6ststory, shall be that portion of .a building included between the upper surface of the topmost floor and the ceiling or roof above* STR1EJT: A "street" is a public highway serving: or intended to serve the fronts of buildings erected or to be erected upon property abutt- ing upon such way. STRUCTME'� Anythil constructed or erecjL--.od, the use of which,,requir6s more- or less, .permanent 106ation on the -lan4,j, 'or attached c to. something,-having a .permane.nt locs-tion-on the" land. �TIUMTR ��Is� ,a build inv or part .thereof whi'Ch contains an 'A. s embly hall,,. having a �.stage � which may :be equipped with� curtain and/or permanent --.,st age ,,s oenery ormechania'al equipment adaptable to. the, -showing .:.Of playsi operas ving pict ormance spectacles and s-imilar en. 6 nt forms 'Of t, 1,-'t 60 VALUE Of a building shall be, the1zstimdtdd cost to replace the building iA kind. . , ,; -i 7 the '.0iftor facing:of brick. "Stone, concrete or 11 for the*, pur�pos_e, of providi o I rnamen- tile attachad ,to., an enolbs ng wa ng tat,ion, protection or`_�-i-nsulat ion but -not 'counted as adding strength to :the wallw, BEARING 111AU. Is a. wall which supports any load other than- its -own weight L=s ..CTJRTAIN WAIL. , Is a non-bearing wall between col or piers which is not supported -by 'girders or beams, ENCLOSURE ',WALL: Is an exterior,, non-bearing-" wall �,Jii skeleton construction,,�- anchored to- coluraAs., piers,,: ,or floors i but-no t necessarily .built :between columns piers'O", FIRE DIV*ISION WALL: Is a, wall o f maso i-iry or r e info rce d concrete which siib-divideio a building to restrict the spread of fire .. but is not necessarily. cb4t,inuous thxough. all stories nor ; exten' ded' through the roof W1=,: is a :wall .of masonry ,or.-reinforced concrete FIRE which sub-divides -a- building --to:; prevent the spread of fire by starting at the foundation and 6 end roO -ext ingdontinuously th gh all stories to and tLbove' the roof ETMIOR W=4 : Is_a� wall entirely surrounded by the ex- , terior walls :-of, the buildings - 71011�-BE"ING WAU Is., 'a wall which sitppor-ts* no 1 a d other 0 �than its own.wei43�ht PA71 .13L WAI, Is 'a ,non bearing wall:*1 in skeleton construction built �between columns or pi�.ers and' .wholly supported, ,at each' i9torye Ith PARAPET WALL,: Is: �hat part of any wall- entirely above .- e roof line * PAATY, WALL: is a wall,* -used or adapted forjoint �pervice between two buildingqx,., RETAINING WALL- -Is- any wall" us'ed..'to resist. the lateral displacement of, any ,m4terlal* YAMD.- ,Is an opqn,, unoccupied spa,ce,, other'. than a. court un ucted -frar -dnd: obstr ' a the,.grO to th sky., except where �.spp6ific.a _ y pro � vided, by this Code.- and the: 1 t- i-oh 'a building 'is situated ol. -on. xl� Refer �to DEFINITIONS, in -Plumbing Electrical an& Zoning Codes., ARTICLE 5. CLaSIFICATION OF ALL BUILDII�GS BY USE OR OCCUPA"9CY AND GEN121UZ R!,;O.'UL-t4ViLNTS FOR -ALL OCC_LT.*?A-TJC1E3.. vi'h e th Pection B-18. OCCUPANCY CLAL�SIFIED. Every building or structurd,(existing or. hereafter erected,, shall, for the purpose, of this Code be classified by the Building Inspqctor . according to its use or the , character of its occupancy. and its .,zoll-6 or �di.strict in accordance with the Zoning Code provisions. and shall be classified as a building of Group , AP B, C2 D, E, or F, as defined in, Articles 6, 7j 80 9�, , !O and ll .respective-, ly. Any occupancy not .mentioned specifically or about which there is any question shall be classified by the Building,.Inspector and Included in the Group which its use most nearly resembles, based on the existing or proposed life and fire ,hazard. The Types of Construction referred to in Articles 6 to, 11 inclusive are : Type I Fire-Resistive Construction. Type 11 Ordinary' Idasonry Construction. Type 111 "do o d Frame,. Cons:truction. and are. def ined in Articles 112-,19A.,13814, respectively. Section B-10. CIU-0GE IN US],34 No change shall be made in the character of occupancy or use of, any buil ing which would place the build- ing in a different Group of occupancy, unless such building is made to comply with the .requirements of this Code; for that Group. EXCEPTIONS: The character of the occupancy of existing buildings may, subm. ject to the ap]�,roval of the Building Inspector, be changed and occupied for purposes in other Groups without conforming to all rec irem6nts of the lu Code for those ' Grbups, provided 'the �new or proposed U�se , is less hazardous,, based on life, windstona or fire risk., than the existing use. No change in the character- of occupancy of a building shall be -made without a Certificate of Occupancy, .as required � in' Section B-10 of this Code. Buildings in existence at, the time, -of the passage of this Code may have their existing use 9)? occupancy continued: if such use-. or occupancy was' legal at the- time .bf the assage df this Code,' p provided such� continued use is not dangerous; to' ', life . 5ection B-200 ILMIG,,D OCCUPANCY.. (4) 14hen the occupancy of a building is such that different portions of -the building are placed in different occupancy Groups, a ,"Fire Separation" ,as specified in this Sec- tion shall be provided so that-each Group is eptlrely� segregat. ed. Such "Fire Separation" shall provide either a complete vertical or horizontal sep,--tration, or a,coiabination of both. Each portion of a building so segre- gated shall be considered, 'for the purpose of this ' Code., to be a separate building and as such shall �confori-ii to the specific requirements applying to that use or occupancyo (b) "Fire Separations". may be vertical and/or horizontal, de- pending upon the locations of the portions of, the building to be segregated- and shall consist of a system of walls, partitions and/or floors of materials and construction. so arranged as to provide . during the period specified, a complete, secure and continuous fire-break between the building or portions. thereof as required. "Fire Separat i onstl are., for the purpose of. this Code,, classified as "Absolute, " "Special" and. "Ordinary and. 'shall be not less than a specified in the fQ,1loWing.,paragra,phs* (1) An "Absolute Fire Separation" shall provide an effective' resistance to the passage of fire for not less than four hours as specified in .1,.rticleJ34 and55'6 No bpenings shall be allowed through an 1142�bsolute Fire Separation." (2) :A ,.special, Fire Separ-ation" shall provide an effective , resistance to. the .pa,ssage �of f ire.f or. not less than' ,:'three hours :as s,peci- tied in Articles 34, �and 23�5, --exc*6'j�t.,thatl-al-1 ,�o-penings.. in' walls� forming such separation shall be protected on' ' e'lach :zide. the'reof by self-closing, one- hour -fire-resistive doors'. as specif ied. in Section B-3G3 (a) . �Su-ch doors Shall .-be kept normally' closed.,.. The I total width of all o I penings in*,any Vertical ','Special :Fire Separ'at.l on't- shall not exceed in- any one �story twenty- five (25) per ,.cent of thelength' ofthe>*all in thatstory and no I sina-le openings shall have an are.a..1gre6ter .than one hundred twenty (12Q) square feet% 'closures- passing Enclosure wallof verti,cal, or ,horitontal en through a "Special Fire SeparatJon" shall - be of ,not% les's than two hour fire-resistive construction, as specified in. Section B­r301.16 (3) An "Ordinary Fire SepaxEtion" shall provide an effective resistance rto the -passage of fire for, not�, less 'than one hour a I s - speci-f ied in Articles, 34 and 35.' � Openings In Ordinary,' Fire,,,�Separatioilii'I S` hAll be - protected by self--.�closlng metal"dlad doors as, provided in 'Section B-303 and such doors shall be kept .,normally closed* (c), '"Pire ' Separations." Shall be provided between the, various Grou a and Divisions of occupancies as , specified In the tab w I hich , ' 'P ulation follows except �that in:no, ca6:e need, the � separation b6,-more fire-res'istive than . the exterior walls of the :building in which -th-e , separation , occurs . provided., however., that. -Where any fire, s�eparat ion 'is. required the, minimum shall be a une-hour �','Fire -,Separation", Section' B-�219' � L0GkT1WT' IO1q PROMRTY. The location of buildings and the. protdcti6n :,of certain opFnXngs,., shall c onf orka to there" quirements of the Ocnupancy� Group in ich such building is classified- in this 'Code according to the uso­or�, character of the oc6iipancy; �.provided$ that exter ior wall s which,�f orm "an angle � of s eventy-f I've (75) -de grees. �,or Plore with the a.djacent 'property-, line may have- o.penirE_,,s ther'ein ,which are protected by not less than �one,�-hour f,ire-resistIve construction as speci- fied in Section::B"301. The specific,reqi-ardments given in. S ections B-25., ,,35., 451, Z5 and 72., als o Articles 12-4... '.13 1 and 14 regula ti ng, thb construction.,,Ofl.. . - exterior walls and :the ' protootions of openings therein: with 'respect t 6�! ad.- jacent ,property -,lineSL shall apply,to: buildings erected on the same . -,n,, p perty," but with�.,ref erence to, an inagii-4ry pro erty. li' 'bitween su h ne located ' e c buildings and e -,either buildings,& , parallel to the -fac of ' Section -B-22 1.1-71,XER ROOM All . buildings . of multiple. occupancy connected by electrical- service- f r h om t e public service lineLor generat�n& plant shall have an, independent: central room of. not- less than three f eet by five -f eet (3 IX�*) L. and, Seven-foot; (71 ) ceiling:height ' with a ventilating door accessible to,,all occupancies, of-the building; for—the housing 0 the main .,switch, di'sconne'ating ,equipmeant and its .-controlled devices and meters for .aervingLthe occupants., The construction of 'this ,room shall conform tothessame- types - of material and, 00nstructiQn, as the mal in b uildin&. ARTICLE 60 'OR C DINGS REO�b E 1I ITL 3 j� -ROUP AL BUIL Section B-23. GROUP lf� OCCUMNICIES DEFINED. Each Group A occupancy shall be 6onsi ed as a separate building and- the Group- shall include : Division 1: 4,11 theatres, motion picture theatres, md-it6riums., schools, churches, lodges, clubs, museums, carmories, libraries, gymna" siums, passenger stationso administration buildings of city, county or state and similar buildinga having a permanent stage and seating capacity of one thousand (1,000) ot more* Division 2: The same as Division i eXcept, hot having a ' permanent stage and having a seating capacity of thirty-five hundred (3,500) or more* Section B-24, CONSTRUCT1014, H-31GHTT L�ND IiREh UL0_d431LB* (a) GE�IEIWU. or parts of buildings classed in Group A because Of US e or occupancy shall be of Type 1 construction and shall not be limited as to seating capacity or , floor areae (b) S13ECIALL CONSTRUCT1011% Stages and platforms as defined in Section B-17 shall beof Type 1 construction. The slope of the main floor -of the auditorium shall not exceed one (1) -in five (5) . Ramps steeper than .one (1) in eight (8) shall, have non-slip floor surface* Section B-25. LOCATION ON PROPERTY. All Group 4 buildings shallfront directly upon aE least one public street not less than twenty (20) feet in width in which front shall be located the main entrance and exit of such building* The- main -floor of eveby Group AL occupancy shall -be located at or near the ground floor level. Akll exterior walls or parts of walls, except on street fronts, of Group P-L buildings which are less than five (5) feet from adjacent property lines shall have no openings therein, A-11 openings in exterior walls, except on street fronts., which are less than ten (10) feet from aCljacent property lines shall be protected by I doors or windows of one-hour fire-resistive .construction as specified in Section B-303. See Section B-21 for regulating adjacent building on the same property. Section B-26. STAIR6 1-ilqD EXITS. (a) W-111,TETTTHANCE 41M EXITS. In every Group AL building !here shall be -no- less than one (1) exit on each of three sides of the auditoriLune . Each of these exits shall not be less than five. feet (&1-011) in width and shall . open ,directly upon a street or into an open exit court ,which shall be .directly connected to a street as apecified in paragraph (b) of this Section. One such exit on astreetfront which shall serve as the main entrance shall: be prdporti.oned on the. �basis of, two 2) feet of width for each one hundred- (100) persons or major fraction thereof to and includinE one thousand (1,000) pe rsons, with an additional one (1) foot per hundred persons for each additional one hundred (100) persons or major fraction thereof to and includinpo.�two thousand (2,000).- persons 'and,",an�' additional six (6) inches for' each'-,addlitional one hundred (100) p r er.sons or major fraction thereof.,�- all based -upon the total seating capa city of the building served by such entrance and/or exit, A7 L 4t. the ma i n entrance of each Group A, bu_lld'ldag there shall be. a foyer havin- an area of one (l) -square' foot to each seat in L) such building hav-2 hr-� access to such.foyer. 'The required .width of the C� foyer ,at any point 'shall bethe, cortibined width of the aisles, passage-: , ways and staIrways "at that point but need not, exceed the I required width of the entrance. The foyer thall be at the saiiie level as the backof tha . auditorium -and. a- lI changes in elevation betwe I en the foyer an(! -the -public . street' adjadent . d3hereto ,�hdll *.bo by ramps with a slope, of not more', .than one (1) in ten. (10)�. The foyer if not abutting �clirbctly upon a public s-treet- shall communic--te thereto by a straight� and unobstructed corridor or passage- equal in width to. that required for the main ent-vanae wh.i6h shall be used .only as an ,exit or entrance; Provided however.- that not to 6x- ceed- ten . (10) per cent of 'such required w i dt h may"be used for the, placing of .a ticket booth. (b) EXIT' COURTS. Zilbng each side and long enough. to accoimiodate all side 'exiFs_of"' th' e - auditoriuya not fronting directly,,u' 'on U I p . a street -(not includ_.'Lng� that side bounded by the stage) shall be an open court., or .,a passa-Seway of Type I -c,--nstruction., not less than five- (5)' feet in width when the' total seatinr, capacity is one thousand (l.,000) or less., and such width 'shall be increased by one (1) foot for each additional five hun(I-red (500) persons or -major fraction thereof. These arerequired -widths and shall not. be reduced in any--way* Tte courts shall extend -full width to a sta�eet '6r shall be- connected to the, street by, a passageway �of the same required widtho - with a heiCght of not less , than seven (7)' feet and such pass ageway-�shall. riot ' (50) fee , -eway, sh exceed a length of fifty' t ' -, The' co-Lirt or palssag' all meet --the ,street , level and all changes in elevation shall be by ramps witha slope of not more than one '(1) in All doors openin&:into' such open ,courts. or,:passageways of Ty.,pe I constructio-a shall, be � arrallged so as not to decrease the clear width of the court when open,., (C) 1vUIW 'FLOOR, AUDITORIUI,�__, There shall, be ' provided at the rear of the Luditorivin leading intF—the foyer, exits which shall not be less in width than the full- w-idth of the aislel.or aisles leading thereto. Additional ezits.,'located on ea,ch side o,f -and not less than one-half the lenuth of the auditorium- from the foyer," sha.1 1 1 be pro.vided oil the main floor of each' Group A building. These exits sha.11 be pro- portioned on the basislof not less than twenty-two (22) inches of com- bined width to each one hix-adrb' d !fifty (150 seats or major fraction thereof on the main floor of �the' aud-it6rium, and, this �exit width shall. be equally divided to each side of the auditorium. Lill such exits shall o-ben directly- upona street or exit court or may be co nnected thereto 'by corridors havin,-,, a -width ..not..less than the exit opening. into same. There shall be no o-pen_�nct In such corridors other than the exit ,openingsp and � the exit doors shall be h-Lu-i&, so _as not -to decrease the required width. Egress from the nbin floor of the auditori I to the- street ',91-iall be , L by means of 'ramps having a slope of not more than one -i ,e 1,gX t (8) as� a-oecif I ied. In part (a) of this Section. �ghere f ixed se-',ts '.a-0O . r_O.t provide�d �'the exits shall pro- -portioned on ..the seating capacity as definecl .in Section B"'17 and shall: be evenly distributed and so arranged that the distance between aO�jacent exits shall not exceed one hundred (100) feet, measured along the' wall. Y. RY (d) DALCOI� "�10 GALL11 E.UTS. For ,balcpnies, or � , having q- soating capacit of over fifty . (50.),, " ' g y :"exits shall be provided from each side of each ,balcony or gallery le'adin,,�� di " ,rF-,ctly to a street or exit court.a The s 0 e;--its shal-l- have a dordbly-led vil d th of vlot less than twenty-I two (2'�). i'--,-.)ches for- every seventy-five C�5) seats or -major fre..,ction thereof in such balcony or Siallbry and- Stich �exits shall. be equally divided to e-ach side, No. exit shall be 1 e s's t'-'-an three f bet and six inches (3U-Z:11) In width and, 'shall be served by stairs or ramps compl.etelly, enclosed and cQ,_ristructed as specif ied� in lLrticle 25,. Balccnibt orGalleries heaving a: seating cap I aci ty of fifty'� (50) . or less. shall be provided with, not loss -than two means of ,egress, at least, one -of which shall' lead directly to . q .Street or courti Those exits -shal.1 be not le'ss than tbree feet Six. inches. (31.-V) In width.' �ill such exits. shall- I be "located. as far apart ��.s -oroc' eable and all co-mbined' exits shall , contInue the �fidl U.L combined width to tbe - street. No stair e'"it� shall be continued to-. Or co M_ inioate with a ba 'ement. S Exits lec)ding to the foyeri� shall have a coi`,lb"nedwid.th of not less than twenty-two' -(22) , inches for each,"one hundred, fifty , (150) seats or major ,fracti6n thereof in such._balcony_or pllery. ,� 'To such exit shall be less than �threc__. feet six inches (31-6 in width. Whe r e f ix-ed seats are not provided the � e its shall be pro- xi portioned on the s 4�a t inr- capacity a s defined in Section B-1716 Hand rails shall be" 'provide, d for stairs-- as specified in , Section B" 9 CA Sta Irs. em'p6'(ii ourts 'shall 'moe't the ',Court, flb&�r t -6 ne, r s o o' a y at not less than thel� s r, width'- fr' id 'f ni tiiain 'flaor om h a exit opening into such exit court. - GT F or size " n (e) ST" EXTTS. a ;,d,,11.ocation, of stage ,'�exlt's see Section B- 29-1. (f) I S 'LLisles. on the main floor shall.'be located so that there are n7ot-raoi-e than s I X_ :'(6) seats biat'Ween any seat -�,and an aisle. Every aisle-, shall be not less., thazil three (3Y.- e, I e if hav- ing seats on on, Y one side and. not ledb�� than three �feet s ix' "inche s (3V_G'11) wide' if havin,­ seats on both sides . width. shall be _,iie,:=red -at the en� farthest froM the foyer and shall be 11.ncreased by ane and one-half (1, inches,, for each five '(5) fe*A in 'length toward the foyer . , T-here , sha.1-1 -be no stpre'es or obstructio,x-,s of a kind in any a�sles, and, aisles', r�riay,.have� a slope of not raore �than onelly(l) in five (5) Ran ps s teeper than one (1) in e i'ght (3) shall ,have - non'-sli I floor sur�aces Z-Usles in' ba 1 c o--a i6s or gralleries shall I be lo.ca tad. so that there are not more than S I x (6) seats between ahy seat and an aisle, Aisles in bala.-)nies and galleries 'Shall havo , the sa-_r-,,ie Tainimixm width as for aisles on the first floor and shall have, the same , -io of increase rat in.'width with the . exception that the increase, sha,lL be ,in the direction of exit: travel. 'There shall be. provided in' all b'alc6nies or I galleries I having more than twenty (20) rows :of seats a cross, the caisle not less than- four (4) feet wide from -the back. of seat when� down in the next row. Su . o4e chair to the',edge' 6f ,the ch crossl* a,isle shall lead directl Y. to an entrance or to an .emergency exit. Risers shall be not i-.nore ,than seven -and one-half (7 inches and shal.1 be the f ull width of the aisl e and no tread shall. be less than' ten (10) inches* When the slope of the aisle is not, more than one in f ive (5) it shall be ra' rui,,.p a d LLli' ai- si%es 'sh I all le 1-,6- direct I ly to exits The floor between rows of. seats shall be on the same level as the aisles where­t ntersect.. hey i 3 hih T 3 8 a a t s s ht-A 11 p . ed s.- a c --not. le-d's than thirty-three (33) inches bacZ to lback. LL11 seats in buildinr.,s of Divisions 1 of Group A o.n the ma-in floor and in 'calconies arid. galleries shall be fastened securely to the floor and .shall be not les,-j,- than eiG-hteen .(18) inches in minimtra 'width. (h) BOML, Bo.%' es �'may� be served by st.airs not less than three (3) feet in width wit a rise anda tre -required for niain .stair exits ad as BoIxes accomiaodatinS i7iior a than twenty-five (25) persons shall be considered as balconies. S.e.ats .in, boxes need 'not be fastendd ,to the floore ' (1) DOORS AND ' GATES. All exit and .,entrance doors or gates shall swing in the :,dire'ction of exit travel and if, provided, with latches such latches shall be -of' s.elf-releasihg ,typo', suchla.s panic� bolts or similar devices,,' which will -permit the door�. to open, when pressed against. .Ul doors. shall be Lastalled so 'asnot to I decrease the required width of any opening, passageway or . corridor in an�Aianner -whatsoever- No single door shall be more 'than three feet and six inches (31_' 611) in -width andL every exit door on theexteri6r of such bu-ildinp- shall be of - IZ� I not less than one-hour fire-resistance as specified in Section, B- 803 � except at the main entrance. and exit.- Doors opening from within the buildinZ into a stair or ramp enclosure may be riietal-clad,'doors as specified La Section B_ 305. (j) B XIT �L I GIHII S 411 exits shall., be marked,' with illuraineated signs beaping the ,word 11Z 11 .'in letters at 'least five (5.) inches high. ,Each si3n shall be lDPovide�d. with- two , (2)--�separate electric light globes each on, separate, circuitsi one circuit bednc,� se t e fr oi7ii any other cir- lv_j pary c-ait in the, building, L%ll exit s isns shall be illtriinated durin' g, any time the building is occupied. (k� No persons orobstructions Of any hind., either Permanont or movable. shall be. placed� in any alile., a- age- Is -it foyer., pa-s s- Way,f Oyer or corridor., and' ,all dimension6 given shal '* -he clear I refer to t width. This shall be 'construed as �rohibitin' radiators., Cliairs., stools, L 9 � standsi slot machines.,:,. easels and similar objects from-beinre .placed in any exits foyer, aisle., pa: ssa-eway or corridor, N 0 furnittire or fixtures of any kind -shall be. placed in the foyer in such, mamlier as to its required width. No baa�s shall --be p.laced 'u'pon any .window, or any other opening.. in any Group LL' building. except oil the wind.ows' of a private L ceo Offi [ill doors' shall have a clear height of not less than six feet and eight .1-nches section B-27. L-T GHT V_.�'IriTYLATICL)k_ AND SL41TATION. all por- tions of Croup 1, bvil_dihss7custol�laril I USM by .hum_a_n .be­inC-.s., Y_ and all dressing rooms -lovided wlth� light and ventilation, by means of ' shall� be pi windows and/or skylir�,ht,s with an area not le ss than one 'ei&hth (1/8) of the total floor area., or shall; be �pr6vided. iv' ith art,ificial liL,-�;ht and a mechanically operated ventilatino system* The- mechanically operated van"- syste-rii shall supply at. least thirty (3Q) oubic- feet of.pure air. � per. rainute for each occupant therQof .iA ,,all portions of the buildi-ng., and such system r,shall be kept continuously in Operation duri-In-g s,uch t ime a's 'the- buildinu is: occupied* ' If: Ithe I velocity of* the air t the register ex- a -ceeds ten (10) feet por second the. regi-�ter must be .placed Yaore than eight (6) feet above the, floor direqtly, beneath, Lio-nits -in all parts, of the building oust y 'Used by human beinZs shall be on a. separate cirucit fro-_nii that of the stage and shall be controlled from�.the, box 0,ffico Id xit courts Lights in corri Ors,:,"e and exit assar?eways shall _b� t6d: by'p'- Wire, ' a p 0 ,protec. Ul reSisters or vents -1r, air ba ch s t a r,,a shall be supplyii equipped with auton4tic olosing, :devicps, _,with fusible -links. TOILET-3 "4 `JI)-,yL00R& _.bu gs:-` 066�Llpie and/or whe r 6 more than ,four.- (4 1 paralons are empl o ye d shall be provided with at leas't'� one ,toilel OldinSs and such subdivision there - occupied and/or Of go where both sexes are employed shall be, provided, with access to at least two idletsi either located in' such building or conveniently 1 ocated I in a building adjacent thereto 0 'The. above minimum 'requirements for uses by persons of the Cauca8ianrace, and where persons other than this race ployed, separate. toilets shall be provided, are emp '�For .Floor Construction See A-rticle, 23.11 Section B-28e ENCLOSURE OF VERTICAL OPENINGS. Main s tair ramp exits from the first7or lower balcony or gallery need not be -enclosed but all other stair exits shall be encl,osed as sDecified in Article 22. .There shall be no openings into stair or ramp. encl-osures exce-ot necessary entrance and exit doors. -4,11 emergency, stair or ramp enclosures shall lead directly to a public stree t- or alley or exit ,court. All elevator shafts, vent shafts ,and other vertical openings shall be enclosed as specified under 'Types of Construction. Openings through stage floors shall be equipped with tight :�­ttting. trap doors of wood not- less .than two (2) inches thick. Section B-29. FIR�,,' E)H111MISHING APRLIi_/�TUS. Grooup buildings shall be equipped with au atic sprinklers and 8tandpipes, stages shall be equipped with, automatic ventilitors. Cb Section B-30. SPECIAL -HALARDS. _imneys and heating appautus shall conform to the requ�_Jrements of Article. 29-, Motion picture machine booths shall co2iform to the require. ments of Article 32* .No infl ammable liquids shall be placed.- s tored or used in Group A buildings Any gas: service to the stage port ion of the building shall be separated from any other service to the building and each gas service shall be provided with alshut-off valve* at a- convenient and conspicuous place outside the building and adquately marked* Every boiler room or room cottaining a heating plant which burns liquid or solid fuel. shall be separated. from the rest of the building, with a "Special Fire Separationit as specified in Section B,-20*9 Everyboiler room or room containing a heating Plant which burns gas as a fuel shall be separated- from the rest of the building with not less than an "Ordinary Fire Separation" as specified in Section B-20, Section B-31. E'N'CEPTIOUS A1111D, Gymnasiums and similar buildings may have running tmLcks. constructed of wood or unprotected steel 'or . irona- Section B-32* MI)MD OCCUPANCIES. Separation of Group A o,ecupanci.es from all other occupancies shall be provided as specified in Section B-20, ARTICLE 76, R��k._UIREKENTS- FOR GROUP B BUILDIUGS -Section B-33. GROUP B OCCUPANCIES DEFIIIED. Each. Grou p B occupancy shall .�be considered as a separate building and the Gro up shall include: : schools Division l-, All theatres, motion picture theatresp auditorlums., ., claure'hes, lodges,, clubs., museums.. armories, libraries, gymnasiums, passenger stations, administration buildings of city, .'c' ounty. or state and similar buildings having a permanent stage and a seating capacity of three hundred (300) or-more but less than one . thousand (l.,000) . Division 2: The same. as Division 1, except, not having a permanent stage and having a seating capacity of seven hundred fifty (750) or more but less than thirty-fiVe hundred (3,,500) , Section B-34* COHSTRUCTIONS HEIGHT AND ARI-IL, AUU01ABLE, (a) GEPIJIE�-L&L. BuildinL.-s or parts of buildings classed in Group B because of ,use 'or the character of the occupancy shall conform to the following specific requirements : Maximuni Total Type of Height, Flogr,­Area Construction ' Limit Seatin Capacit Permissible 92- � y Permissible: 'in Any One, Ro-om� -(Sq. �Ft.) Type 1 35 3500 No Limit Type 11 35 1 1000 No Limit *Seating capacity may be inicreased,, except for Division 1 , Group B occupancies.. not to exceed fifty (50) per cent when no balconies . or galleries are constr3keted as a part of such building and when the audi�- torium floor is located at or near the ground floor level,, in which case all exits shall .be at street level or shall meet street level by means of ramps* Platforms which are used in lieu of stages shall be included in the floor area of the assembly room when determining the seating capa- city.. as defined in Section B-17. Section B-35. LOCZ-01-0-i'l ON PROPERTY. All Group B Buildings shall front directly upon at _�least one pub=—street not less than twenty (201) feet in width, in which front shall be located the main entreance and exit of such building., or such building may be connected to the street by an entrance passageway as specified in Section B-36. The main floor -of each Group B occupancy shall be located at or near the ground floor level, .provided that occupancies in Division 2 of Group B buildings having atotal seating capacity of not more than fifteen hundred (1500) may be located above the ground floorand stairs may be used as a means of ingress and egress providing Type 1 construction is used throughout. L-11 exterior walls or 1--jarts of walls., except on street fronts.. of Group Bbuildin­s, which are less than five (5) feet from adjacent pro- perty lines shall have no openinr-s therein* IL11openings in exterior walls except on streetLfronts., which-are less than' ten (10) ' feet from adjacent property lines shall be protected. by doors or windows of one-hour fire- resistive construction as specified in Section B- 505, . See Section B-21 for regulating adjacent buildings *on the same property. Section B-36. ST"IRS Z -111D MEFTS. Requirements for stairs and exits shall be the, same as for oup A bul—ld—ings., as specified in Section B-26 with the following exceptions : (1) A foyershall not be required. (2) Nobalcony or gallery shall be .allowed except in buildings of Type 1 construction. Section B-37, LIGIIT VENTILATION AIM SAITITATION. All portions of Group B buildings cust-o.Tdarily used by human beings., and all dressing rooms, shall be provided with -light and ventilation, either natural or arti- ficial, as specified in Section. B-27., TOMETS AND FLOORS. "1,.11 buildinSs. occupied and/or where, more than four (4) persons are employed, shall be provided with at least one toilet. Idl buildin3s and each subdivision thereof occupied and/or where both sexes are employ ' ed shall be providedwith access -to at least two toi- Iets, either located in' �:such building or co-riveniently ,located in L a , I building adjacent thereto. Ihe above minimum requirements for uses by persons of the Caucasian race., and where persons6ther than this race are employed.. -separ- ate toilets shall be provided.*11. ,,for Floor, Cons trub' Ut on see Article' 23 V Sectio'n B-38. ENCLOSURE OF VERTICAL OPEITINUSe All vertical openings such as elevator shafts., stairs, ' ramps and- vent shafts shall be enclosed as specified in Article 22, provided., h6wever., that *stair or. ramp exits serving only a Group B occupancy on the second floor of a I building need not be enclosed., There shall be no openings into stair or ramp enclosures �pxcept necessary entrance and exit doors* Section B-39., FIRE EDVINGUISH114G APPARATUS. Automatic sprinklers, standpipes and basement pipe inl-ets—shall be installed as and when specified in Article 30, Section B-40. S.PliCIkL HAZdLiDS., Chimneys and heating apparatus shall .conform to the requirements of Article 29. Motion picture machine booths shall conform to the require- ments of Article 32* No inflammable liquids shall be placed, stored or used in a Group B building* Any gas service to a Group B. building shall be provided with an. outside shut-off conspicuously marked. Exterior opaings in a' boiler room or room containing central heating equipment., if located below openings In another story or if less than ten ' (10) feet from other doors or windows of the same building shall be provided with one-hour fire-resistive protection as specified in Articles 34 and 35* , Every boiler room or room containing a heating plant which burns liquid or solid fuel shall. be separated from the rest of the build- Ing with. a "Special Fire Separation" as- specified in Section B-20* Every boiler room or room containing a. heating plant which burns gas as fuel shall be separated from the rest of the building with P not less than an "Ordnary Fire Separation!! as specified in Section B-20. Section B-41* EXCEPLLTjoNS 12ZM DEVIi-IT101,TS. Gymnasiums and similar buildings may have- running tracks constructed of wood or unprotected steel or iron,, All partitions and floors in Group B buildings and dll': bearing partitions and floors below a Group B occupancy, when such occu- pancy is placed or is to be placed above the first floor of a building or structure, shall be of not less than ones-hour fire-resistive construc- tion as specified in .Articles 34 and 35. Type III Construction shall not be permitted for use of Group B occupancies. Section B-429 141,21D OCCUPANCIES. Separation 'of Gr.oup B occupancies from any other- occupancies sh be provided as specified in Section B-20* ARTICLE 8, REUIREMENITS FOR GROTJ? C BUILDINIGS-., Section 8-43, GRObP C OCCUPAWCT'PS IE FINED. Each Group C occupancy shall be considered as a separate builal—n8and the Group shall include : Division 1: All theatres, motion picture theatre.s., auditoriums., schools, churches., lodges 9 clubs,. museums, armories, librarieso g3amjasiums,, passenger stations.. administration buildings of city, county or state and similar buildings having. a permanent stage and each having a seating capa- city of less than three hundred (300) . Division 2: The same as Division 1, except, not having a per- manent stage but having a seating capacity of fi� y (50) or more but less than seven hundred and fifty (750) 0 ft Division 3: The same as Division 1, except., not having a per- manent stage but having a seating capacity of less than fifty (50) 0 VTD ARE& ALLOWAME. -Section -B-44a CMISTHUCT101,12 HE,IGHT Iil Q (a-) GHMRAL: ; Buildings' ov-parts of buildings classedin Group C because of use or the character of the ��occupancy shall be of Types I or II Construe-- tion. and the maximum height and floor' areas shall not exceed those specified in the following table : IdAX11,411i ALT,(_Y_&BLX FLOOR. -L�R!]-As 1148 DETEMIIITED BY HT OF.-BUILDI-NG6 T 7 -N T. !-j1 IMI G1 STREEI IR01 AGE M TYPE, OF CONSTRUCTION _=Yaximum Floor Areas IS Ft.) Ylaximum- Re ight, for Corr, I Increase Typ espond,ifig .-Areas Building F'Ponting ,pn ` for o T. 0 - I I I Complete Construction l-, .1 2 1 3 or 6pr:.Lnklin@ Feet Stories' 'St- reet Streets I more 'Streets 35 ft'g, 2 stories NoiRestrictions Type 1 ft 1 story NotRestrictions � 35 ft* 2 stories, 11�200001, , 15.,OOOI 16.,000 Type I II- t 100 I story �118 000 22.,0001 26.,000 35 ft., _b6permitted unless the *NOTE: Increase shall not U . area is, en- tirely protected by .an automatic sprinkler inst allation as specified in Axtic�e, 30. (a side o r rear Yard which is fortr' feet :or -more in � V width, to the adjacent property line or to another building nd w .ich is a clear access to a street, may be,c,onsidered a,-.street for the purpose of determining the all'oviable area of a school bu;Lldings (b) In bu' ildin s. ha7inp 9 � rooms with floor areas -of' over thirty ,. thousand (30.,000) square feet, tight cb�aft stoios *shall be installed to, prevent a free current of air, under theropfo These . drafts stops . in trussed roofs shall extend fro--ril the roof down to the bottom chord of, the truss., and shall divide the under roof or attic area into . sections not to exceed twenty thoias,�..nd (20..000) square feet in area. (c) 8PECIU CONSTRUCTION. 411 public and private school . buildings 3:nore than two' stories L-1 height shall be of Type I construction. Stages and platforms as defined -in Section B-17 shall, be constructed as' provided in rticle 31 W Division 1 or 2 'occupancy. shall not be located above the first floor except in buildir4gs of not less than two-hour fire-resistive construction, tIlroughoute (e) Stairs and eor3fdors in Group 0 occupancies shall be of not less than -one-hour fire-Wresistive construe tion. Section,� B-45. LOC1-.JIO1T ON PROPlialTY, All Group C build ings shall front directly% upon. at leas one public street not less -than twenty (20) feet in width, in which fro--rit shall be located the raain entrance of such building, or such buildi-rig,may be connected to �such street by an entrance passageway as specified in -Section B-4116. All exterior walls or parts of walls , except on street fronts of Group C buildings which are les's than five (5), feet from the adjacent property lines shall have no openings t3terein. A,11 openings in exterior walls, except on -street :Dznts,, ,YfLiich are, less than t'en (.TO) feet to ad- -ie jacent property lines,� shall be protected by doors or windows of, oi -hour fire-resistivd construction as specified in S ectioii B-301* "See Section B-21 for regulating adjacent. buildings on the same propertyall Section B-46* STAIRS AND EXITSO Reqvireme'nts for sta,irs and .exits shall bethe saraeas for Group-A E-ulldings as specifiedin Section B-36 with the . follow,ing exceptions: (1) A f oyer shall. not, be required. (2) Beata sh all not be required to be fixed. 5 vihen ldcated-� above . the first floor Civisipns and shall be served by 'atairs in of ramps (4) No balcony or gallery shall be allowed unless the balcony or gallery and all, exitsthqrefrord�are of .,incoi-abustible construction* (5) In Division- 3 all required exits May be located on one side of the room,, provided .that in no case shall any part of a room be more than thirty-five , (35) feet from an exit.-,. (6) For classroom 'por't.ion '�of school buildincs and similar small assembly rooms the aggregate width of exit stairs in any story shall be on the basis of whole units of twenty-two (22) inches each. - The required nizaber of -units shall' be ctetermined. -by dividing the greatest number of people on any one floor- abo.ve the -stairs in question by one hundred (100) and no stairs shall be decreased in --,width toward the building exit. Each floor shall have not less than two exit stairs* For, other req u-irements see Article25 The clear width of hallways in school buildinGs ah&l be mea- sured in whole twenty-two (22) inch units and shall have a width of one more than the number of units- obtained ,by dividing the total number of people in all .rooms : opening into such hallway by one' hundred (100) ., provided that such hallway shall have a minimum clear width .of four feet six inches (41-611) and the required clear width shall not be.'diminished, by any furni- ture,fixtuxes or locker or room doors when such doors are fully opened. There shall be no dead end in exit hallways more than ten (10) feet beyond the stairway or exit. Where an auditorium exits into a .hallway that serves as an egress from other rooms of a school, the hallway between the, audi- torium and the exit to the exterior need only provide for the occupants of either the auditorium or the classrooms., whichever requires the. greater width. The minimum width of exit doors at either end of a hallway to a yard- or passage shall be eighteen , (18) inches less. thaii. the required width of the hallway* Single class rooms and other- similar small assembly rooms shall have not less than two (2) exit doors three (3) feet wide or one (1) door five (5) feet wide and there shall be not less than two (2) means of exit available from each door* (7) Anyroom in a school basement used by students ahil have at least one (1) exit leading directly to the outside of the building and this exit shall -be not less in width than one-half the total required width of all room e x its' .for the basement. (8) Exit lichts need not be installed - over classroom exit a. (9) All stairs and ramps serving as entrances or exits for any Group C occupancy shalll .not be less than the width req�.-Lired for the doors serving such stairs and shall, be designed and constructed as specified in ,�,rticle -25; provided,, that when such Group C occupancy is located on the second floor of a two-story building or when leading to and serving such occupancy only, such stairs need not be enclosed when stairs lead directly to the outer air or are connected thereto . by direct passages with unpiereed walls and ceilings * LL11 emergency stairs and ramps shall lead directly to a public street or alley or to a court or space not less than five (5) feet in clear width connected directly to a street or alley. - Section B-47. LIGHT VM7TTATIONAWD SANITATION. All portions of- Group C buildin,�s custoivarily, used b . human-beings C;' y- . Mll be provided with light and ventilation,,, either naturcLl or artificial,, as specified .in Section B-27. TOILETS AND FLOORS. LL11 buildin-s occupied and/or rilaere' more than four (4) . persons are emplogd shall be provided with at least one toi- let4 All buildings and each su division thereof ,,o -and/or where both C.cupied sexes are employed shall be provided with .access to at least , two toilets, either lociated .in such building or c.onveniently 'located. in -a building adjacent thereto. The above minimum requirements for use& by persons of the Caucasian race, :and where persons other than this,.,racd ' are employed, se-oarate toilets shall be- provided* "For Floor Construction see Art-icle 23011 Section B-4 B. ENCLOS-UMLL OF VERTICAL OPENINGS 4- 11 vertidal openings such as elevator shafts, 8tiar wells and vent shafts which permit the passage of - ire, or smoke through more than one floor shall be enclosed as specified in Article 22* PPAM Sedtion B-49. -FIRJI, XI�71=�,GUISHIIJG A TUS, Automatic sprinklers,, standpipes and basement pipe:inlets �shall be, ins.talled as and -wh ' ,6p 'if ie' d in, Art icl -30 en pc Section B-50., SPECIAL ITIAZARDS4 . Chimneys and heating apparatus shall con-form to the requirements of, A,,rticle -29., Motion picture machine boothz � s��hall c o nforra- to the requirements - of Article '32*, Exterior openinggs .i-Li boiler room or �room containing central heating equipment, ' if' located below the openings in another story or if less than ten (10) �feet friorli, 6ther doors �or- windows of the' same building, shall be provided with one-hour fire-resistive protection as .specified in Articles 34 and 85* Every boiler room: ,or rooms, cdn- taining a heatingplant 'which -burns liquid or solid fuel, s.hall be mparated fraai, the rest of the buildinr, with a �118 pecial Fire Separation" as specified in -i3e,cti.on B-20* Every boiler room orroom contAiningabeating plant - which burns gas . as fuel shall be separated from the rest of the buil6ing with not 1 ess than an "Ordinary Fire Separatibn" as specified in Section B-20e No inflaiivaable liquids shall be placed, stored or used in any Group C buildings exceptin small quantities as necessary in labora- tories, and such liquids shall be kept in tight or sealed containers When not in actual useo Section B-6le EXCEPTIO I v,3 A' ,ND DEVILiTI01,18. Gymnasiums and simi.lar buildings may have running tracks constructed of wood or un- .protected steel or iron. 411 walls, partitions and floors of Group 0 buildinEs v�hen more than one story in height, and all walls, bearing partitions and floors below a Group C occupancy' when islach occupancy is placedA or is to be placedabove the first. floor of a building or structure shall be of not less than 6ne-hour fire-resistive constructionds specified in Articles 34 and, 35o Roof trusses, roof, girdrs- and beams twenty-five (25) feet or more above the nearest floor or balcony need not be fireproofedo* Rooms in school buildincs having a seating capac ity of more than three hundred. (300) shall. not be located above� the first story above grade except' in .-building' of Type I construction* No school class room used for kindergarten, first or second grade pupils. shall .bb located above the first story above grade in, any building of less than Type I construction. ALn arcadd connecting buildin.-s and used exclusl ively as a pas sageway need -not be considered as an adjacent building, for the pro- visions of this Article, provided the walls of the building adjoining the arcade are finished with the same construction as required for the exterior walls of the building and with no c6mmunicating opening between the arcade and the building, except a door,, and provided the, arcade is of not less than ohe-hour fire-resistive construction or entirely of incombustible -materials Section B-52," YMMD OCCUPANCIES. Separation of Group C occuDancie,s from any other becu-i3ancies shall be provided as specified in Section B-20o XiTICLE 9. FOR GROUP D BUILDIKGS Section B-53.- GROUP D L��S DEFINED. Each Group D o 12) shall occupancy shall be considered as a separate building ,and the Gr u include all moderately hazardous.'and non-hazardous industrial and. com- mercial occupancies, such as : Division 1: Gas and Oil Stations.,' Auto Service Stations., Garage or Mechanical Service and .1dechanical . Garage shall be of Type I construction. ng plants or Work Shops., Division 2: Banks,, Lianufacturi-, offices., passdtPe;?sta' tions., restaurants., shopsP show rooms, stores, salesrooms, storaGe structures and waitinS rooms shall be of Type I or 11 cons.,truction. Division 3: Apartments. under Group D are permitted only on the second floor above occupancy of Division 2 of this Group. Section B-54* CONSTRUCTIO11 HEIGHT AND AREA ALLGVIAMA. Biiildings or* parts of buildings classO In- Group ,D because of use or the , character of the occupancy shall be of Types - I .or Ii Construction and- the maxiMUM heip_ht and floor, areas shall not exceed -those specified in the following table: lal buildinE;s c,ominE; under the jurisO.iction of the Florida Hotel State, Commission shall co-,---forril to the current Rules Governing Construction of 11-otels, Apartment Houses, Roomine Houses and Restaurants,, as adopted a I nd. -.romulgated by -,the hotel Commission, in accordance with the laws of the State of Florida., with 'the .-exception that in any in- 'tions are less restrictive than this Code, stance wherein such regpla this Code shall apply. FLOOR AREI-i6 &S DETERf,111U."ED P3Y ILZIGHT OF BUTLD11:TG, STRELT ZiND TYPE OF COD6TRUCTION Maximum Height for Nlaxi=m Floor kreas (Sq. ft. Bul ding Frontina On'Increase -Areas responding T Des of 0 ort for yl Cons, true-1 2 1 more Complete tion Feet Stories Street 'Stree.ts 'Str- Sprink- eetst ling* Type 1 ' 35 ft 2 stories No ReatrictioAs Type '35 -ft 2 stories 15,000 116,000 " 12QOOO 25 l8jOOO 122.500 1252)00 ' 100)"'13 ilote: 41n- erease shall not be perinitted unless the area in entirely protected by an automatic sprinkler i-1-1stallation as speci- fiedLin 1�rticle 1,30. in buildin-s hav-fng rooms with floor areas over thirty thous- I L:1 and (30,000) square feet., tLic,,ht draft stops shall be installed to prevent a free current of air under the roof* These draft stops In trussed roofs shall extend from the roof down to the bottom chord of the truss and divide the --uonder-roof or attic space into sections not to exceed twenty thousand (20,000) square feet in area. L Section B-55 LOGATIOIJ OJ'J PROPERTY. 1,11 exterior walls or parts of %,-ialls, except on street fronts., of Groiip ,D b-nildinr�s which are less than five (5)� feet from adjacent property lines shall. have no open- inZs t-herein- an(3 shall ",-)e of .,Aa&�onry or reinforcedL concrete. I-al openin-s i-,-i e.-fter-for walls.. except on street fronts which are Lless than ten (10) feet from adjacent property lines shall be protected by doors or ivindovis of o-ne-hour fire-resistive construction as specified in Section B- Z= 'W:ien openings are placed closer than ten (10) feet from adjacent property lines shall be -protected by doors orwi-Adows of one-hour fire-resistive construction as specified in Section B-303 -When o-DeninCs are placed closer than 'ten . (10) feet to property lines oth er than street frontsl the sum of the 'widths of such openings shall constitute not .,bre than twenty-five (25) per cent of the total length of the walls affe-cted. See Section B-21 for regu.1atin*g adjacent build- ings on, the same property. Section B-56. STJinz 6 AHD E"XITS. LL11 Group D buildings shall have not less than two means .of egress fro_,7 each story including �b. ase- ments or cellars up-less such -basements or cellars are used for heating apparatus only, in Which latter c, ase only one exit shall- be required. All stairs and exits shall comply with the requirements specified in Article 25 Miere ramps are , used -for the transfer of automobiles from one floor to another such ramps shall meet- the ground-,floor level at a point not less than twenty (20) feet from the exit of ,suc.h. building, Section B-57. Lldlfil, VENTILATION A14D SANITATION. i�ll portions of Group D- buildin,,,,s customarily used, by. human be,in,,-,,s shall be '-provided with light and ventilation ,by ineans of windows and/or skylights with an. area equal to one-eighlth , (1/8) of the total' floor, area or shall be provided with artificial liC..Jit and mechanically I operated ventilating . system. The mechanically driven ventilating system shall .supply at least thirty (30) cubic feet of pure air per minute for each occupant thereof in all ,--,Qrtions of the biif_ldin3, and sucb ,,system' shall be kept continuously in ,operatilon .during such time as the . buildiing is , occupied.- In all buildings used for the storage or handling ofauto- mobiles operated under their own power and in all buildings where in" flammable liquids are used exhiaust- ventilation shal 1 1 be provided sufficient to produce one complete chang" e of air every fifteen minutes. Such exhaust ventilation shall be taken from a pointa-t or near the floor level. TOILETS kXD -1-MOORS'. All buildinE;s occupied 'and/or where -saope than four,. (4) persoris- at.,-P employed -shall be provided with at least one toilet. All build-in,�,s and each subdivision thereof occupied and/or where both sexes are employed shall be provided with abcess �to at least two toilets, either located in such building or conv.eniently located in a building adjacent there: to.-, The, above minimum .r6quirements for uses by persons of the Caucasian.,race.,I aiid, ivi�-ere,��,p.ersons . other-, than thi s race are employed,, separate toilets shall be provided. "For Floor Construction, See Art-icle25 A OF V�JRTICiLL- OFF-,` Sectio, ' B-58. �' EDTCLOSU:R_, \T 1-iT C--S All ei evator .. shafts., vent shafts-:and other vertic.al openings shall be enclosed a's specified under Types of Construction. Doors which are part of. an automobile ramp enclosure may be kept normally open but shall be equippedLwith fusible links and -so� ar_ ranged as to be self-closinL, when released. Section B-59, EXTINGUISHING APPiuikTUS. Automatic sprinklers, standpipes and basement pipe inlets 3hall Fe installed as and when specified in Article3o Section B-66* SR�LCIAL H&Z�iRDS. Chimneys and heating appara- tus shall conform to the require nts of-Krticle ,ag In any room"in which volatile inflammable liql_,Lids are used or stored. no device gen- erating a glow of flame capable of igniting gasoline vapor shall be installed or us'ed .within twenty-four (24.) inches of the floor. The use, handling, storage and pale of gasoline, fuel oil and other inflawiiable liquids *shall' not be permitted. inany Group Dbuilding . unless built entirely of Type I construction, kassaSeways and corridors shall be constructed as , specified in Article 25 e) V.- Section. B-61. PUBILIC Gli?1-fiGES AND S31-�VICE STAfTlOiT GREASE MU-1 IN 3 -�Iublic Garartes I vt' M_ ies and 'all other I - , service Sta'. .ons, A, - oraoFile Launch places for the­was,hinS, polishing and creasing of alutomobiles, shall have that portion offloor s7pace provid�d with apf.�roved Grease drains or traps as required by the Pltmibing Code* Section B-62. MIj'CED OCCUPIiTIMES. Separation of Group D occupancies from all other occupancies shall be provided as specified in Section B-20, Section B-63. 1�1_21TEI-1 ROOI�1. See Section B-22. L-LRTICLE 100 FOI-1 GROUP E BUILDINGS Section B-64. GROUP E OCCUPA1\101ES DEIFINIED. Each Group, E occupancy shall be considered as a separate buildingy and the , Group shall include : Division 1: Apartment houses., dormitories, and Two Family dwellinCs. Section B-659 CONSTRUCTION EEIGHT ANID ARLA ALLM11kBLE. Build- ings or parts of buildinSs classed in Group E because of use or the character of the occupancy shall -be of ,Types I or II construction and the maximum -height and' floor areas shall not exceed those specified in the following table* All buildings cominSunder the jurisdiction of the Florida Hotel. State Commission shall conform to the current Rules Governing Con- struction of Hotels., LlpartrlOnt ,Houses., Rooming' Houses and Restaurants, as adopted and promulgated by the Hotel Cormaission, in -accordance with the laws of the State of Florida.. with the exception that in any instance --wherein such regulations are less. restrictive than ,-this Code, this Code shall apply* KUIMU,�,l ALLOdA BLE FLOOR AREA8 AS DETERIViINED BY HEIGHT OF BUILDING, STREET FRONTAGE AIM TYPES 01' CONSTRUCTIOW T 'Waximum Floor L�reas (Sq* ft. ) I 11aximum Height for I I Types of t Corresponding Areas fBuilding Fronting On I Increase Construe- I Or tion Complete 2 6 or( Sprink- Feet Stories 'Street 'Streets1more line* 'Str- leets I Type 1 0-5 ft. 2 stories 1. No Rest�ictivlko and attic 1 35 ft, 12 stories andtl5,000 18.,000120,0001 Type 11 f attic f 100% 25 ft., 11 s t ory is ,000 20.,000 r2-2,5001 NOTE *Increases shall not be permitted unless the area is entirely protected by an automatic sprinkler installation as specified in lirticle ',30 See Zoning Code for restrictions as to buildin!Ss desi-ned and used for more than two (2) faT.,iilies . Section B-66. AND EXITS. Stairs and exits shall be provided as specified in Lrticle 25- 1,,ll stairs and, exits in Group 1� buildings shall o-nen directly upon a street or alley or upon a yard or court not, less, than- ten (10) feet in width. Passageways and , corridors shall be provided as, required in 1�xticle 25o Section B-67. LIGH VKHT I!A- T T Olq J-,;1�f D 3/�141T&2101T. 411 rooms, of Group E buildings used .for eating,, , living and/ or sleeping ,purposes and v ntilation by means of windows with shall be, provided with -light , e an area of not loss than fifteen (i5) per dent of the. total floor area of such room or roomse TO=,T IUM FLOORS. Every building of -this Group shall be Drovided with toilet and toilet rooms as required by t e "Current 1--Wles h , Governing Construction of Hotels, Apartment Houses$ Rooming Houses and Restaurants " as promulgated by the Department of Hotel Commission of the State of Floridas "Fbr Floor Construction see Article 23.11 Section B-68o, ENCL06_ML� OF VMITICAL OP�LUNGS* A-11 light shafts, vent shafts, stairways and other vertical, oFeE_ngs shall be enclosed as specified under Types of Construction. ,� Section B-69* SPECIhL IULARDS. Chimneys and heating xticle 29, apparatus shall coiform ,to the requirements of A Every boiler room or, room "containing 'a central heating plant using solid or liquid fuel , shall be, separated from the rest -:bt the building by a "Special' Fire' Sep ration ar as specified in Section �-200 The ,storage and handling of gasoline, fuel oil and other inflammable liquids shall not be permitted in aliy 'Group E building* ARTICLE ll* REJC�UIREIAEXTS FOR GRO-OP F.,BUTILM:WCTS Section 8-�70. I GROUP F OCCUPANCY-DEVIY12M. Each Group F occupancy shall be considered as a separate building and the Group shall include Single Family dwellings and., as accessories garage apartments, private garages and servants ' quarters* Section 3-710 COI�STRLUCTION, HEIGHT AND ABE& ALL01AABtE. See Zoning Articles �I.,- III, IV and X. Sd.etion, B"72* , LOCATION ON PROPEIRTY. See ZoningN�ticles I., III,, IV and X* Section B-73. STAIRS AHD EXITS. Stairs and. exits shall be provided as and when specified in,Article 25. section B-14s , LIG-HT, VENTIU-MOh AIM SANITATION. All rooms of Group F buildin,-,�s used for eating, . livinC and/or sleeping purposes shall be provided with light and ventilation by maans of windows with an area not less than one'"eighth, (1/61) :of the -total floor. area of such room or roomse Every .bath, and toiletroom shall have at -least one window of not less than three and one-half (3-L) square . feet in area, opening through 2 the outer wall of the building, Section B-75. -ENCLOSURE OF VERTICAL OPIC"i-NINGS. Stairs in Group F buildings need not be enclosed. Dumb-waiter shafts, clothes chutes andther similar ,vertical openings shall be protect-ed 'w,ith a one- hour "Fire Neparation" as specified in Articles 34 and 35. Section BtkWo SPECIZZ, HALaIRDS. Chimneys and heating apparatus shall conform to the requirements of 1,,,,vticlo 29i Inflaymable ,liquids, shall not be stored or used An -Gr'oup, 'F buildings in quantities in ex cess of one (1) Callon and al-L ,such in- flami-iiable liquids shall belkelpt in tight orsealed. 00ntaii�aer8 when not in- actual use& Section 3-17. .,Z��TT-)c�CHI�D-. ,C--�iRAGES. '� When a private garage is located zuide rnedth- or-', to :,(or included in Group F occupancy, the followingregulation8 as. t,o its constructioli, . shall be rigidly observed& The ceiling construction above, the garage, when it is. located beneath ' a Group F oe_pupa1-1Qy,,. or the , roof: iTdaen the garaLqe is attached to a Group 1-1 oo,cupancy `sl-iall be ullpierced- and shall have' a fire-resistance ol' at least one (1) $hour, as specified in Articles34&56,,The floor of� the garage may be of earth fill or any in I combustible material. The floor of a y*�'G:boup r, building' shall-,. 'bd-,,,not less �t an ' s-even, i n h -nches above the lbn -a s any stairway of the ra-ge leve 19all -`partit s Ad the un a. der ide df gar I age portion' shall be of_a-t (1): hour fire-resistive, construc�- tion, as specified in Articlp.s 34 & 559 Openings into the garaCe shall- be restricted toL a S'n'-'le doorw L ay; such openinL:z shall be -protected 'by a solid slab wood door., not less than one and th:�ee-eighths _(l 3/8) inch thick at- all: poa *s., or a riletal-covered doorJ, or other closure - of equivalent or Sreater fire.-resis- tance., mounted so as to be gravity closing,, or with spring hinges or door closers. Ho 'glass shall be permitted' in such wood slab doors* Section B-78. VEIMLATION. Private garages which are construc- ted in conjunction with any Group F build--'Inr,-s and which have openin��s into such buildings shall be equipped with fixed louvered or screened openin�;s or exhaust ventilation with exhaust openings located at least six (6) feet above the floor. The clear area. of the louvere'd. ope,nings or the -.openinCs into the exhaust ducts shall. be not less than, sixty (60) square inches per car, stored in such private garaCe. Under no circumstan- ces shall a private , [,aragehave' any opening into� the living or sleeping room* Section B-79-e A C-ETTI-NG !L,,'IGF1TS. All 'Ceilings except bath-room shall have a clear hoi,(,,,ht, of eigM Peet four inches (81-411),- minimuia. ARTICLEMI. �BASED ON TYPBS OF CCKSTRUCTION 12 thiu 14 Section B-79* GEN12:dL. The requirements of Article s� 'are the minimimi requirements for the various . Types of Construction. In order that a building may be classed in any specific Type of Construction, it is necessary that all. of the requirements for �,that Type of Construction be' complied with. 1,To building or portion thereof shall be required to conform 3 thru 11 to the details of� a Type of Construction hi,�,,,P_er than that type which meets Ehe m!Rimum rMrairements baaed 'o Occupancy k7ir-cle-M-9 ) even though certain features of such building actually conform. to a higher Type of Construction. The varicus Types_�of Construction herein specified represent varying degrees of public safety. and resistance to fire .and, ivindstorm. Where specif ic materials.., T'ypes ,of' Construction or fireresistive pro- tection are required, : s'uch, requirements shall be the minimum require- Ments .and any materials,, Types- of Construction or fire-resistive- protection which will affordequal or greater public. safety or resistance to fire and windstorm as specified in this Code.' may be used. LLny system or method of construction to be used shall acbmit of a rational analysis in accordance with well established principles of mechanics . Section B-80. CL.6i.&SIFI.CATIOX BY TYPES OF, C�011TSTRUCTIONI. for the purpose of this Code ' shall be divided into the U- 1 buildin,:,s following Types of Construction .basad upon their resistance to fire and for the purpose of this� Code,., "Type III shall be deemed, to be the most fire resistive and "Type III" the least fire-re'sistive Type of Construe- tion. T= t I - Je­�Reais �ive Construction. TYPE II Ordinary Ela s onr y Construction, TYPE III Wood 'Frame Construction* Men two or more,-.Types of Construction.-occur in the same m building and are not� separated by an -1!Absolute Fire Separation as specified in Soction. B-20, the entire building-shall be classed. in- the least f ire-resistive �Type.. of ,-,:Cbns true t ion and, such building shall 'be sub- ject to the restrictions of such type. Any building er-ected prior to the passage of this Code., whilch by its construction cannot be definitely � classified ,as Type ,l., II,, or III as defined her�einl shall for the purpose of this Code be deemed to belong to the least fire-resistive' class of the two types to which it most nearly conforms* ARTICLE 12-A TYPE I BUILDINGS (F I r F;ZR7 e s I�st I�ve Section B-81* DEFINITIORS. The structural frame of Type , l ,, buildings shall belof . s.truc�ural ste' el or iron ,which shall be' fire-proofed., e concrete, or: shall be of, r, ihforce ' The foundation, exterior walls., inner court walls and walls enclosing vertical openings shall be of masonry, or reinforced concrete., The roof construction and floors 'shall be of fire- res,istive materials. Exterior doors­and- I windo I ws, except as specifi ed in Section, B-93 shall be of fire-resl&ive construction. (NOTE: Fire-resistivematerials and fire-resistiveconstruction have a, specific. mecaning In this Code, as specifiedin Article 341and 35. Section B-820 BEIGHT ALL OWA BLE The height of ,,Type' I buildings shall be -limited.- to two and one-half (2.�Lj stories. 2 Section B-83. - ARIA ALLOWABLE. The floor area of Type I buildings shall hot..be'�-limiledL. Section B"84*` FOUNDATION-S. Foundation walls , and footings .shall be of reinforced concrete- as , ified in Articles 18 and 20* walls Section B-85* E)FIERIOR AND INNER COURT WAL.L. Jkl 1 exterior fire walls and fire division, walls s - hall be of masonry or reinforced concrete as specified� in. Articles 16 ' and 21., and. shall- be of not less than four-hour f1re-resistive construction as s pecified in Articles and , 35, Inner -court wa-lj:s shall be of masonry or reinforced concrete of notless than three-hour fire�-resistive �coiistruct-�-ion es specified I ' Section B-30A n Walls fronting. on streets having a width of .at least fifty (50) feet may- be of. incombus.tible cons truction withiall structural members fire-proofed as required in Section B-89. Section 'B-86. 'PARTITIONS. : Inter,ior -pa rtitions shall be con- structed of incombustible m7t-i�rials and shall be of not less than one'-hour fire-resistive construction as specified in Section B"3019 EXCEPTION: Partitions dividing portions of stores, offices or similar places occupied by one tenantonly., may be constructed. of wood panels or similar li,r;Lt construction ur to three-fourths (3/4) . of, the height of the room, in which placed; when more than three-four'ths (3/4) the height of the room', such 7)artitions shall have not less than the upper one-fourth of the d of - glass set in sash. partition constructe Section B-87. MITMOSURE OF VERTICAL-OPE71,11 LIMS. . Enclosures ir- f'or'-- elevator shafts 7 ventj shdfts7Ista- Jq welis ai vertical openings, when required because of �Oc.cu -107 shall be of,--" pai -, rwo-hour ire-resistive. . f ' construction and-All openings th6r�eiin shall' be protected by::fire-resistive doors or windows as specified in Articles 22 and 35. ,A parr a 'east thirty (30) inches in height abov ap6t :wa1l t � l e the . roofshall� be- proVided, arouftd all open.-Shaft enclosures extending through- the roof* Section B-88* STRUCTURAL FRALUdCRK. - Structural framework shall be of structural steel ol-771-ron as specTfied in Article 19 or . shall be �of reinforced coherete -as specified in Article 189 The structural frame shall be considered as the columns and all girders, beams, trusses or '6pandrels *having rigid connections to the colwjans* ' -of -s Tte members floor or roof al-PA which, have not connec t�bns -`tb the ool*=s �shal#ll b e considered sbc'Qnda2:,.y 2,iiembers. The str ul 0, h 1 Tict 1 1 fr ama, and 's e condqry, merribib a I be-debi",r, ed and constructed ,n to carry all deads live and' other loads to w`A ch they may . e subjected 1. � I b both duri-I-LU er ction and' after-completion of the st u Unlesl-" 0 ructure. fa othervise Provided for in the- structural frame the floor and' roof panel 'COD C i _S I tru t on shall.,-�be d6,9-i��ed �a,nd.l,.coia,s-�;ructed to carry the horizontal forces - to such',�parts of the S tru in-'ai frame as are designed to carry the. horizontal forces to' 'the fou' ndations'. Mae. --e at ir e a truc ti_iz�d 1 fr a i--o_e and -each memb e r ahich is a part of such fraijie shall _Ib6 ad� design'ed a md constructed that the ,stresses May be satis factor ily :determined bya rational- analysis in accordance with well, established -princi und 'en pleS of mechanics and so ��ineering , practice, Section -B-89.- OF 6TRUCTUR,&M I!LS'11 BER (a) L-11 structurd steel or iron md_mFe_r_s,—n63-G". incfocII116 Torms -dr-7MEF'uctural members for elevators and elevator enclosures. , shall be thoroughly fire- proofed with thr, 6e-hour fire-resistive. protection for collirlms, beams and girders .and two-hour, fire-resistive protection for floora; and. all such fire-resistive protection shall be -as . specified in Articles' .34 and 35. XCEPTIOITS: (1) � The th I c Iaae s s o f the r e p r o o f_1--a on the outer edge of luos or brackets on colizmis may be reduced to. not less than one (1), inch. (2) The mas o-_qry over window open'n,,:r steel I _,s may be supported by a .plate, anEle .or :similar member vfn--', ch is . not fireproo' fed on the. under side., provided the member- is supported at proper interval's from a structural be�arji or' girder .which-' ip :fireproof d on all sides . For e Openings in masonry b6ariino walls. not exceedinG four (4) feet in width an enZle or similar member supported�.by masonry and:,-not fireproofed on the Tinder side may .be used,G (3) �VhereVer -part of the structural steel framework of the roof o f a Gr o up A.." B C VaUding is not 'less than twenty-five (25) feet above any floor or ,balcony., - fireproofine , of all, members of the �roof construction may be,,omitted, (4) 'i"Vhe r e every part of -the structural steel framework -of the roof of a Grqup�'A, ]�� ,br C.:b,,_1_ilding is more than eigateen (18) � feet and less than twenty-,five (25) feet above any floor or balcony� the roof construction sIm 1 11 be protected by, a suspended ceilin& of not less than one-hour fire-resistive construction as' specified in Articles 34 , and 35- such ceiling shall benot less- than six (6) inches distant from, any part of such roof construction. All rei-nforeed' ooncrete 091urfins, .beams and girders shall be thoroughly, fireproof ed with , not less than :three-ho.ur fire-r3sistive protection and all flo,orsi joists and sl' abs, shall be thor.oughly fire- proofed with not .less than two-hour fire-resistive protectio -,' such flre-rea�stive , pl�otection shall be andall - as specified in Lxtini � 4 and 35* c Gs 3 Section B-90* FLOOR ' COHSTHUOTION. Floors shall .bq Constructed of reinforced concrete, br' ick' -h 7171- 0110w e archesp re-Lnforoed gypsum Or may be 'composite floors :of� those materials J1,1 combination with struc- tural steel or. ir6n or reinforced don ' or such floor and panel crete; construction shall consist of , � 8ny floor, system pVovidi% 'not less than two-hour fire-resistive .cb:,-istruction as sp , ecified in' Section B- 302-. The tYpe of floor construction us ed� shall provide means t I o keep the beams. and Sirders from spreading., either by installing ties or brid�;ing., with no laterally 'unsupported length of , joists being 'permitted to e xceed ei,�,,ht (8) feet e,xcept as otherwise in Section B- 307- and B-308 'The floor and roof an __0 el construction shall be so designed, and constructed L3�s to �transfer' horizontal forces to such parts of the structural frame a's are desl,,_�ned to carry tho -horizo f oiuidatlons'. ntal forces to the Where wood slee ers;"'arb used for layinG W P ood floops the space between the floor -slab and the underside of the ag 'shall �be wood floorii filled with incombustible in such a iiianner th I at there will be no open spaces Tinder, 'the:' floor in- 'which, wil-1- exceed one hundred . (100) s pca r e, feet in area and spac'e sti'all,­be filled solidly und ' er all partitions �33 so that there is no c,p�_riimunication under the floorin,� between adjoining rooms Section B-91, ROOF Co 113 R Ii C T 10 Roofs, shall be constructed of any r.iiaterials or. combinaUion 'of ciiaterials as allowed for floors in Section B- 90 Roof covering shall be' a - "Fire-Retardant'l- roofing as specified in 6 304., �,305 _9.nd' 306 ecti on, 13- 2454 Any drainage, fill placed oil a roof deck of any building �shall.' be of an incombustible. material and such fill shall be considered .as a part of the. dead- lo ad i n designing the ro of framing. Section �3-92. STAIRS. Stairs and stair platforms shall be-, constructed of rein,.�' or_rd' ed concrete,. iron -or 9teel with and risers of concrete h or .S,Gee Iro 1 Br:L,c k marble tile'. or ' other - incombustibl may�- be ed-� for the f L-Li h ',oP a uch tre nd risers materials, us -a Lll stairs shall be desiC7ned and constructed a.s specif ied in� �,,rticle 25 Section B-93o D001ILZ AXD- 'JINDO"16. (a) Dooi viindows and other , openin�-_-s in the exterior ,walls shal e -orotected by 'one-hour firc-resistive c,onstruct.ion as s Ic pe c if i e(f� in 4rt*" le 26 L.-LCEPT I01Z (a) The yrovis�ions, of this Section shall, not ap-,.)ly to doors., windows and -other openin-s which face dirb'ctly' upon- and ar; not within fifty. (50),.. f.eet -of the opposite side of a ,public street or other public -�Ia, ce; this distance t o be, measured at riLht ansles to the -olane of 'Qhe via' ll in which such olpen-ings Occur, (b) The provisions of paragraph (a) o.f this Section -shall not apply to openinEs in an outer ., court twenty (20) .feet or raore in: width parallel to, and 'facing upon a street� or i:�,ublic place, provided such openi"'Incz are not within twenty (20)feet , o� an adjacent -property line. Section B-94. PROT-',CTTOITS TIE,' BUILDI11G. Bays oriels C L and similar projections-sh7a-;lbe cons tructed ' of incombustible r$iiaterials with walls Cloors and roofs as specified in this Article -an I d as speci- :L fied in Lirticle 2�. Porches and exterior baloo,nies shall be constructed of incom- bustible materials but s`cructural steel or , iron memb6rs' need. not be fireprodfed; p ovided., that loadi-nS platforrils for warehous' ba.freight depots and , sirailE�r buil.din6s may be of. heavy timber construction with wooe, floors not �_ess than one and five.-eighths (1 "5/8) inches thick. Such wood con- struction shall not be carried throuC;h the exterlor of any Type building* Cornices_ xnarq�iises and sim'ila'r appendages which are. -a part of a Type I building shall be constructed of substantial incombustible materials *and as specified in Article 97* Bection .B-95 2 NITHOUS I!,,'S i�,X 1) 8 -Y L 1 CUI T 3 Penthouses and other roof -structures shall-be constructed or masonry or reinPorced concrete, and all doors, windows. andother openinSt therein shall be protected by one-hour fire-resistive construction or shall. have one-hour fire-resistive windows as specified in 12�rticles 34 and 35 SkyliChts shall be constructed-of one-hour fire-resistive mate- rials as , specified in 'Article�5 and in Section E- 263 Section B-96 . ATE D Wood.'. or COMBUSTIBLL IQI�T MILLS Hi',OGIZ unprotected steel or iron shall be permitted- I-n thF f-ollowinZ places : (1) Mezzanine floors may be of wood or UhprotL edte'd steel pro- vided that there shall. be .not ��,i.ox,e than two such mezzanines in any room .of, any building and, provided.. further.. that no such mezzanine floor Lor flo_ Qrs shall, cover more 'than thI_rty-tI-:rea and one-third (33 1/3) per cent of' the areq..ih the room where located. Such mezzanine floors I s I hall be of heavy timber construction. (2) Show vL -adow frames and aprons, a so show cases and other a-oDurtenances on the first floors of, sto res or other similar buildings s hall be -constructed as specified in Article _777 (3) `�iood may be used if designed :for decorative purposes only; also for' trim,, picture mol6s.. chair rails ., wainscoting, baseboards,, , hand re.ils., sl-�.ow vi�ndow temporary partitions; floors, and sleep- L ers be of wood. Wood doors Yigy' be used except in ste.-I.r., elevator o--,, other shaft enclosures . (4) Roofs may be sheatlied by wooa plt��ni_s of two and one- half inch norAmal th-Ichness whe-_ri such shoathinE is ii-iore than thirty (30) feet distant from any floor., balcony or -'allery and when such plani: L-) 8heathin- is protectec! on the underside by a ceilinS of not less than one-hour fire-,resistive construction as specified in Artibl_e Z-5, 13�Z'T I CLE 13 TYPE II BUILDINGS. (OrdinEtry -I,iasoi-iry) Section B-97. DE&IIHITION. The interior . load bearing con- struction of Typo II Buildings may be 5,iiasonry or reinforced concrete walls or a structural frnnie of stee-1. reinforced concrete or wood . :1 Fo-Luadeation and elxterior�-Walls shall be of -,Aasonr-­,., or r_e:.*L_nforced. ,co-_(IcrOte. Partitions floors a--ad, roof may be 'of wood* �Lin air space of not less th a n ei,-�hteen (18) inche-s' neasured fr ora the tor, of. the c e i 1 in,,- lo-ISts to tho bottov., of roof rafter shall be re,-:uired on the "Flat-d.ec. k" type of roof 'construction, to provide ventifatione Section B-93a 1'�,I G-1-IT z.L!.�0,`�rZ�DLI 11. Type II Build in--s shall xiot e.-.ceed a heir-eht of thirty-five (,75) feet—in which hei­,`Y there shall k.:. G be not �i,,orc than two (2) stories , and attic; .,pr.ovided, th,-t towers, spir:,-ls an(f,_ steoples erecteC� as a part of such buildinr;- and not used. for habitati.on or stora,�e may Oxto-nd not to e:r.ceod t-wenty-five (25) fe0t above such heirht limit. "he above allowable 'oei-hts may be -,jsed only villen the provi- sions of Lxticle 115 have been corriDlied with. Section B-99. TIie. -floor area of Tyi:)eI Bu-lldi-,il,--,-s shall be lil-iiite(f, occordin,­ to Occupancy as specifled previ6usly. Section B-100. FOUIM'r.TICITS. Fioundation vialls and footin,-,,-s shall be of reinforced cor-crate as speciTied in Lrticles 18 and 20 7 i,jTVjT._'UT -L T. D A*ITD_ FOOT C,�_U16TR',_,CTION GIFLIOUP F OCCUP�I-,1-17,C!11213. li'ThEK :L212MIOR GRADE Ba,%L__ OR C.01,TTINUOU.3 WkLL 13 PODRED, 1-ii OTTOL ITHIC dITI-111 ThE SPREAD FOOTIFGS. I Footing 'didtht IT-Iinimum f I ThiclMess Continuous Steel ' Concrete !"iix Grade Deam oR.. I - f Continuous "Jall Top Bottom One Two one Two of of Job Transit f 6tory Story storylstory, Fo Q tl�l Hi ix 6. 1sizet INO. 'size , ".�,torior 811 non- ? 1 3 ZIyS 2500-]' 2000,,� joist beariin,--m2l 1611 20 1011 1 1211 1 2 jo .6wAxterior 1211 3 !�68 2500-;,� 2000` st Deari-nb- ',Iall 1 2011 1 24?1 1011 1 1211 t 2 W-Interior QOI'viall; I I t or i-on- 1 f 1611 f 0011 f 10 1 12111 3 1 VE, '2500-�'t 2000-'� f I f 3J_ -,""01\10-Ly 1,1171C ' I'L 76 012 'L ' -- OR CU1_TT1­u�__,_0Q`: T- D G-,% n I mum :Tootin4 Width ThicliaeSS Colitill-Lious Steel C0l1cr0tC Top of lijotto=t �raCc _Deala Or 11all I 7ootin,�;I Cont_-'=_�ous 'da,ll f I Two I 011ie Two Job Tr-_ns It I story Story I Story 3 t or y 1310.. SiZe 1-10. Size 1,-'ix 1 1 x all non- t U 15 -joist bearing wall 10 2-1, f 2500:" 1 2000,j�., t .1011 121t one 3 /D t 111_xterior 12s' joist it It t bearin6 wall 2411 1 3019 10 12 11011le 1 3 15j6 2500 j;-' 2000,;' t t 311 wall; I t bea:An6 or non- bearing. 186- 2 4 101, 1211 3 tV81 1 2500 i!f� 2000U.- -:,lace W -oll O.C. for foundation� walls . do, els 41 (a) The above vd'.nens i oils are requirements and shall -id�iti' 11s ' of loadin- or character of soil necessi- be increased whenev6,r coi 0. tate an increasee (b) `441,ien architect-Liral and/or en-ineerin- job supervision C 'C stren-L_�ths: --r,1"by lbe� -ased for J03 C - is f-Llrnishe�d, TII�L�!-,61T 1�1-, J� CE (C) C:La,_2LR 111 G ,OF BUILD�F�-C- SIT1]. 12al stu--niips, roots, Plant j-powth and vines within -�he. lines , shall be completely removed cand none rimy be left in the Zround. to dry., rot or decays 'Jaaere pot, holes e,­,ist they shall � be cleaned and filled with concrete . (d) The bottom of all footin��-'s shall be at least six inches below -natural Lrade - Grade to be tahen at the loaest joint of ground in found'-.tion- line. (0) Foujjc�ations for all wh)ere the srrface of the round slopes more th'-n one' (1). foot in ten (10) feet shall be level or shall be stepped so tha,-t both top and bottoia of such foundation shall be level. iliorj:as i-Tast be used on all Foundation Trenches. (f) Steel used in, all concrete must be free from rust and scale . Steel -in all fozmdF�tiions must, be sus-oended in place �by wires; the use of rocl-,:, br.ick or other i:.,iaterials to s-,u,-p]:,ort steal ,will not be per- mitted. Steel must be at - least :211 from bottom of, trench., and laps raust be forty tLaes the diaraeter of the steel. jUl steel, iaust be securely wired in plade. 1'�ll steel -Lmst be coveredby at lef-Ist 211 of C ncrete. 0 Co-,TCfj-,_TI�4� The 1. L� i- L, of concrete ingredients on the job i-_,iust be do-ne by weiL,,ht or -_me1-.sLu:7o_r!ient; shovel meas-ore will not be permitted, .L7 is used (1i) TIU�1,_131T ' L Cr,.- T- Tf it !;ii,, Concret the Buildim- Inspector-must be furnished with a, report from a properly qualified testin6 laboratory., certified in the presence of a Yotary Public, sho�i_inr, the results of tests of t'Zie product to be used, Certificate to be f-arnished. at time pourin�Z is started. (I) !To '..1asonry or wood construction will be permitted on foundation for 36 hours after finishinn� the pourlin.- of concrete. Forms on Foundations,, Foundation 'Jalls, Tie Beams must aot be rertioved." for twenty-four hours after fi- ishin- the -,pourino, of coil- cretep Shore Jachs and ]-:Porras under unsu-i-_,ported boa-fas must remain in place one day for each li-­.eal foot ol' beam; in no case can they be removed under ten days without pe-omission fron Building Inspector, POUREvD 6LI1,BS: Forms and Jachs must remain in place ,for a -period of not less than twenty-one days after pourinS concrete . IUI wood forms thruout must be entirely removed, FounCE17.tion walls used. as retainin- vialls and all other retainiln,- walL3 shall be not less than eiS-lit (8) in -es in thichness when five (5) feet or less in height. Such walls. ., when more than five (5) feet in heioht shall be not less than eiC4t (8) inches in thicImess at the top and shall be increased one (1) inch in thickness at the bottom for, every additional foot in height. 6olic� foundatio-u walls under the first floor joists of all Type 11build-InGs (except such -pace as is , occuple.d, by a� base-ment or cellar) P a shall be � pr'Ovided witi-ivent-il-ated openixi3s t I o insure, am I p le ventilation, and such opehlnc-s shall be covered with non-corrosilv-c �air,e� mesh of not less than si-7"teen (16) . fnesh per lineal inch' Such ventilated openings shall be Proportioned o---- the basis ol'. not less than two (2) scluare feet for each fif- teen (15) li-neal feet or raa�pr �fraction thereof of all exterior foundations walls distributed on not less thaft thre e (3) ,.sides-� to prod uce adequate cross-velitilatil On i, at least o- e �direction. The Buildii-ia Inspector ' nust be notified _.for special in- SiDections as follows : ,jhen Forms and Steel are in Place for the Pouring of any concrete used in construction of any building. Section B-101. !,7.TY,1IU0R Ll­�`Di :[jTJ, -I_I _41E 4 C A exterior OLQT i� Walls, fire -:ialls and division walls shall be oi" --oiaso-r-iry or reinforced concrete, as S-pecified in "'Irticl e 21 Iniaer Court walls and all other vialls not forminS the exterior walls of the buildIns. shall be of .not less than one-hour fire-resistive Gon- struction as specified in Zxticle 35, Zal walls within five (5) feet adjacent to property lines (ex- cept pro-perty .li-1--�es abuttinr astreet, or alley) and all- walls within ten Ags on the same loro-perty slaall be -provided with (10) feet of other buildil -'-)ara-!,)et walls at least ei -hteen (18) inches ail Doints - __LD above the roof at ''rov-1-ded thLI:t parapet vialls whei:, the roof slopes r�ore than twenty (20) de,,Ire(�,s from the horizoi,.tal back from the exterior -wall of such buildi-_rir-� may be omitted. 3olid foun6ation under the fla�st floor joist of all Type iI build-I.nr--s (exce-ot such s %ml pace , as is occu-pied by a basei-�ient or cellar) shall be provided laith ventilated o-pen�, nLs to insu -L_ - , -re aiaple ventilation, and s 'h n-s , U,c open, L) c1hal : be covered iiith non-corrosive wire mesh of not less than sixteen (16) mesh ,,)er IL-eal inch. Such ventilated openings shall be pro-,-,ortioned on the basis of not less than two (2) square feet foreach If t e e-I-1 (15) lineal feet or major fraction thereof of all exterl'or 'Lound.a- tion I-Valls distributed on not less ti—n three (3) sides to produce ,adequate cross ventilat-Ion in at le--st one direction. See Section B- 220 for rei_-�forced concrete tie-bea-m and coping r e quir eme nt s dalls fronting on streets ha v 1 nu � a width of at least fifty (50) feet may be of incombustible construction with all struc- tural raembeiis fire-proofed with not less than one-hour fire-resistive protection. Such viall assemblies shall have at le-',st a one-hour fire-resis- tive ratin- e;:ce-.L-' C.) pt when-the space between the roof and. 9. -plastered ceiling is, less than three (3) loeto the part of the wall coverinE this space need not be plastered on the inside. -,J00d. sills to be of r7rade; top of _r.,'_iasonry walls to be viater-proofed C� - L, and all frni-,ie extea?ior walls resting on rfla-sonry .to be anchored as required in -Artinjer, 17 3 a c t I o n B-10 2. F.L'�t T rf_T_ Vartitions oJ' wooC� shall be con- structed as required in Lrticle 17 Eearin'r' partitionso when . constructed ,of wood, shall not suport more than two (2) stories and a roof. EXCEPTIONS: Pafr tit i ons d,ividin,, -oortions 'of stores offices and similar -places occupied- by. one � t6nant only may b-_ constructed of� wood -pa,nels or s iriiilar light cbnsltruction� up to three-fourths-, (3/41) * of the of, -the ro.om. in which placed; when il'=.e . than�three-f ourths (3/-,.) the he.-I-Slit of. the room, -such -.,r-tit ions­�'sha have_ not less' than the upper o n -L e-foirth of the . partitibn constructbd�' of Ulass , set in sash. ,, , Such partitions may be of wood lath and plaster a P-d not Iiociiited to three-fo.-urths (13/4) 0111 the h6i it of glazing. titions and- masonry wall ' ihea�e wood r* s join, they shall be tied as p?ovided ,in Se.c t i o n B_ 146. Section B-103. —2 1 C L-OS U1,1:i -01T VMTICAL 0 PEENT E:`S. E'nelosures f nt al 01 -ling for, elev-1tor S.1-i 0..'L t s, ve.L shv,-,.,t s j, sta -70 walls and..- other ver.tic. :)el -S be of on�e-hour fire-resis,tive whe n roquira(f. Ibecause of� 0ccuI_-)ancy. sh_alJ c -is trV c '34 Ol Iction as' sI�,O if ied, in �Xticles and ' 35� parapet. wall at least th.ir ty (30) i-nches in he i 0—it above I -R11 be I_x ovide d Li,ound- all open shaft ' en'6168ure6 extendiia' -the xloof s'L., u� -I t e roof. thro 'I th �'J C,I il'�` Sti.,uct-ural' fra-_r�evjorh' Section B-10,61, STILi s h-a 11 be of steel iron� ' U �einforced cuiicre�e, i-i-Lasonry or- wood and shall be des i rane d and erected as succlified in L�r t I c i e �M f or reL,'iforced- concrot e, lirticle lt� for steel and iron Lxticles. 15 : and 17 f or wood.,- Article,q '15 and,-16 for masonry. S Fire,21 F oofinS 9�1 ion S UCT:!" S -d truc tuV'Ll -iaambev a- n Saction B-1060 I-PLOOIR C 01-73TI'll'UCTIOIT. F lo or s lrlq,�- be c=.structed of r-Laforced of Pia s onry a-s specified in Lxticle 16 a n of I'l- Ood s--iSI)ec�ried��i.,i�,La�ti�-,le�,'17 or, of steel oi, ir:o. as s Ip a c if i e c! in tidle - 19 In bu ilC�iy�-s of one .(l) story Qr mca:�e in heiSht, the lo-wer side of c.11 i-�ietal or wb&-d-, f 16 o3�- or r ob:r c,_)nstV-act!iQn- s ha I I 'be� entlrely,� protected ..b 6� ceilinZ of one.-hotir fire-re' va-� c&nsr-Lirtio_n as specilfied in y ticle 35 A In all �buildin­s hLq.vinr,,' a cellar or- _base_�fient e:,�Lce-nt U,"r o buildi-,rii8s, the underside 0.-L, t'L-1 e P�Lr*_tt floor� CQI_-_)struction wh a-rI Of T1.10tal, 02 vood shall be protected by a' eeili'_T�t. Of- one-hour. _-Pire-resistive construe- sl-t)ecified in C�rtiole '35 or oirddrs supported. by -j-n-asonry alls dood joists., beaIT,,.st-.,.nO/ shall be an-chored tlaereto.. as..S peelf -in Secticn. B- Section B-107. RDOF C-3-11STRUCTION. R o o f construction shall be of bLny'.Type of Construction pe77 ftted� for fl,00rs dood ra_% tor8_- joists rs sup1ported purlins, beans and ­�rde U -by , hia s onry �ialis sh��1.11 'oe anchored theroto. as specified in Section B-'145,146 Lttic -or roof s pea c e a shall be divided into areas not 'e xcee ding twenty-f ive h=,:7red (2500)� Eic.Lia:re feet., as srecified in Section B- 2:4q Roof coverf n,-,,s shall be. as s'Oeaified in Section B, , 2420 943. Section, B-108.1� 3TAIR CONIO"TRUCTIQ_-T*` , Stairs mcay"be of ' steal., iron, reinforced concrete, raasonry or ,wood ,and shall- 'be: desi�-,n' ed_L and a o n- -pecified in looticle 2& structed as 8. L DOC,-,-',S Zil,,TD W 1-1,`D 0 13. Doors windows a.n d other Section B-109. 11 i openin'-s in exterior walIs r1lay be of wood or of plain glass and wood -sash u_nless otherwise specified . Section B_-110. PI7-,OJECTIOI,;S FRQ_�,T TIM -BUILDIT-11G. Ba,ys, oriels -id S."]IJilar projections- sh ai all CO.-astructed of s ane riaterials and be of sa-f.,,ie type 'of co-ftst'.ruct-Lon as walls, floors and roof, as s-ecifled in this L ticle 'and in �Lrticle -_27 L"Xeept, in drolap F Occ-u_1L:)ancies.. the supl)ortin�g members a nO floor construction of porches and exter:7-or balconies above the first storz� -shall be constructed OfL incom-bustible materials but structural steel or iron Zv members need not be f-'!rer)roofed; provided that loadi.nL-; pl at f OrRis -for warehouses., frei Ogit depots and z imilar ­bv 11 dings i-my be -of, he��.vy Umber construction iiith iiood floors . do.t lbslp �''tha n' ,One a nd, i.1 ve-e a.0- -iths (11 5/8 inches tl-,ick. Such wood construction shall -not b ch the carried throu, e:�teriov waI18 of any Type' II buildings.0'' Except on Gr o up F OccuPanci9s.1 , arid. except where they do not -, overhang publ i c, property.,. cornices,�.marqtises and m i la r ap en dca C o s wh i c h ubstantiall in-- are a part of Type II buildl i rs shall be constructed of s I as specified. in Article 27 . combustible materials anc Section B-111'. '23�,14ThTOU8."--JS ;_AYb Sl-'=I�LTITS. Penthouses ''and t 0 ha I be ..of not less than one-ho-Lro fir6-resistive other rooL struc ur S,, s 1. construction as. specif ied "in, 1�xticles 28 and -1l.' be of' no less than. one-hour . f ire-res istive Shyli�;hts , sha­ construction),, .as specified in. 1-�rticles 28 and, Z6 G "IM. od hall Sectio B 12 C01,'_,B TIBL"' LATEHIALS FIE DLA�L i10 6 n be. ' ermitted in a building of Type II. construction t her eci lly p P w e sp f a prohibited as specified tl-'nd.er Occupancy. -)ace in any:ver shall have No, enclosed air sl ivood frarain,,, . a dimension. greater than seven (7) feet.: -placed in the partitiPA Combustible insulating, materials, may be floor : or� roof, framin,,g but. shall in no -way-interfere with the fire block- i nZ or fire s ep r a t i o 11 s required .,by this Code.: 6LRTI,C12 14. T1 BUILDIITGZ Cdood..�Frame) JOIT., EnclosinG walls,, ;nterior walls.. Section B-4113* �'.,DEPII,IT par tit io-i-is.6, floors -and roofs of Type . Buildings shal1 ,be: of �wood or of wood cor.,ib mation with, othe' materials eXcept where rohibited as ' speci- P fied under Occupai-ICY6 . 'Lialy build_,nr_ which. carunot _bb classed as a Type I L> �ldjnr� shall: be c6nsidered 'as or, II bui Type III.: JD - U4AB:L,1,-. be III, Buildings shall Section -114. BBIGHT ,AL,,L , i' Ty J not exceed a height- of thirty-five 135) fpet -1n, which height there shall be , not moi�,e than two (2) stories and attic* Section' B-115. �exterior walls of T-,�,77pe -cor,ted Zn,-c -itinuous,-approved ro-Infore.ed concrete Buildings. shall be sup_ - n footin-s in accor(fLance witri -the reqi:4.irements of Type 11 build- vialls a Section ,B-116. EM) RIJR WILLLS AhD -diiLL COVERIJIMS. Exterior ui -ad walls of type III b ldinLs shall 'be coi sti,ucted with at -ding not. 168S 1i (16) than two inches by f our indhe s (,.21 x 11) s jp,-�c e d not moi�e- than sixtee imches on centers . Buildin-s two- (2) stories, in he i ght shal I have-the first story studs not less than two ,.inche,s, by six inches (211 x G s pac ed,'.no t. mo_-o el inches oil o than F,. ,-xteen (16) eat-ers. Mere: studs .continue throuCh -Lmore thanone (l) story,, joists shall be nailed securely to studs.-and, s,hall be supported upon a one--inch. by four inch. (lit x 41 nominal size..ribbon notchod 'into­the� stlx'ds,,. and -tor es-Anay- f iaraqd� ser'', _d securely lac_�t6_erdto na i� '-,X'O 1. -ed -o-nal shed-thinr",, ed and pro" vid'i-n- th, ,;;�t 'e.a,th_�',Uer­ of---studdin6­­sh dia- �all ' 1.) L-) 'd have top and bottom plat*es and the top plates,- shal.1 be double and lappe at all corners and intersections . Laps in.I separate pieces of the top plat I e shall be stagi-,-ered not less than. feet-,. L"ach.,stud of the second -tier shall be , direptly -over, the studa�..,below.. -All ,exterior walls and partitions shall be thoroughly and ePifectively angle braced. Tda_-imuY,,i allow ab16. story�rl"ei�,__J-_,�t:' 'of two -by- four-inch (211x4't) stud framinS. shall be - twelv6 (12) feet and of two-La6h by- sirx-liacb (2111'a-,6 stud framing shall be siXteen (16) feet -waless the wall is, 'supported perpendidular to laterally by adequate�.fr,am,in& in, -a horizontal direction.%'� .,the direction of the P t u,d W 6..lls . and shall be braced with 'not less than one inch by, four ..inche's (I x ,4") nominal s i z e ribbon.. notchod into the outside face- of the, stubs 6xte-nding -from sill or .plate to- corner -posts. and . ,spiked on each stud, 'or bos� lvitl-1 11 2) 8d-nails qtJess th,,:an two All wells. shall:,boeffectively . flre stopped at flo6r -and - ceiling and at the priag :of. cove in- a �'coved,,.'c-eilin g. , Fir, stops -shal also be placed' between the .floor,.-and the �,ceilirig `in -nner '-that ,there sucha mal shall be no: 'concealed air space With'-a dimension greater,than seven (7) f-oot. , Filre stopping shall .consist of not less than tvo' .(2) 'inch nominal size inaterial, and, shall be, �the Lf ull thickness of the stud Wall4 her stories, are not f ram.ed�, separately, �, f ir&: stopoink(� shell-., bo,­�placed�,::behhfhd -�'.'he. t �fl orJA ribbon at the-'- line 'larid 'at- `the�- top O�r j 61 't. the ne 0 e I Ing sts a Such fire st.opp'ing :1�shall' bo` -�ih,6 (2'�-: -inches n'oiinal_�,"ti ze ln :�-thickness­�: and,' the full .width ,of, ,�the stud,. ' 'Stud- f 3�.ami.n' g on�. exterior mason I ry or conc I re,to walls. above the f i rst- floor,, shall be anchored a's -1 1 45. required in, Section ,B ings our 4)- fjeet ." r, 1 P ovided s _ e -'O'r wide o _-' s �11 All op en' f _,shr �With doubl e-headers not loss (2)_ i -ches no than two n minal . size n thicknes's placed on edge'.. and such head6rs' shall have two (2) inches nomininalzize :' solid b6aring to the floor or,, bottom plat&�-' , -A-i I openia T ou _gs more� than , r .(4) feet wide s h;?.11, b*e t rus s ed-:,"'Or provided� -with ,11'rit'01 -shall hav e not less t hi�4.n two,'.(2) inch nomin�al'_S' Aze solid bearing 'to - th'e floor 6 r - bottom piatei. z 111- of qual it y h'ereinaf ter SILLS. - �An 'approved .'solid wood specified Tn—this Section, of,.,not: -less, then f our � (4) , inches nominal, thickness -and not les& than six -(6) inches nominal width and in no �case less in Width than the wi:�.11 fraining supported there.on, shall b& placed under all walls or partitto,n.s� that',r a st, o masonry ,I or..,reinf o.re-ed, concrOte fou,ndations, Lumber,-, permi.tt,bd '1n the foregoing 1ocatkons'-shall,-:have physical ,, properties at-least �eq' ua1 to -,#2: grade. L6na Leaf Southern Yellow' Pine, or,No. ' Aed Cypress, or grade: Douglas Fir, an& when coming grade Tidelaatpr in. contact with, concrete "or, masonry or otherwise' ' specified in-,this Code shall1e treated - with I a I p-,broved,, 'p,reservatives, by 'any method "that �will . im-' pre5nate,.the vood. Brush treatment is approve.d. if �tho preserVa�lve' used is , equal to Unadulterated Refined- Creosote.� Brush ,treatment at I thei job is:. required on '-end cuts 'and- alL other- ,cuts, in ti*bers trea' t e -if I ed as,, sp c ed abovo,­ ISOLLTION. ­All,:sill's 'or' partitions that, r,e s t.. on' masonry or reinforced c on c're t e walls,. or �plersmustlhave the top of , the-,masonry wall, or pler covered with eighty-f iVe. ,(85) poUnd sl�&t e- covered roofing or twenty-f our- (240 ' gaug6 galvanized. Aro.n or, other a0proved mater ial before, 0- a .the sill is placed., � :,Sill t be nd1hored as reqql.r& in Section B-145. SlMkTHING., All 'type III� buildings shall have the exterior ,walls thoroughly covered with 6 solid dlagona1--sheathing. of wood not less than twenty-f ive :.thirty-seconds:�-(�5/32) of an ' inch thick. All exterior . walls shall be covered oathe outside with- weather-boardingi masonry ven(I per or 'by other, sd­aildr approved materiels.' No I stuccor or gunite on' 'frame , vill be-: por.,(aitted � except th--'-- -use of frame, '.as. a. stuccor , portion wall�ras. masonry construction, v h e n, con- sidered by Building Inspectorlto 'be unavoidable, will b.s�'-permitted. , In -thi's case storm sheathing, & 30,-f" felt,' galva.nized wire lathe and viater'' .proofed 'stucco may be, used..,, -$uch ,.stuc�co : shall be. properly f lashed.-.f or .weathering '. The .minimum requirements for vial 1- co-Verings for?Type III builldings are as sp'ecified� ln- ,this�-,_',�rticle. (a) , ji1eatherbo,,?,xding,' when Section, B-117., 1A place, shall have an,. average thicknessof not less than, f iveo;ei hths 9 (5/8), of �aa' inch and a minipium :thi-ekness of- not less than three-eighths (3/8).� �of an inch. Such weatherba:s.rding shall .-be. securely nailed to: the studding -with not less than, two nails, to eac�h: stud ,in eachplee e such weath.er,bodrdlln,g. HoM zontal,, j o ints'� in �the weatherboarding' sbal I be tongued and Srboved or , shiplapped joints,,, or .-such Vleatherboarding -,shall be laid,, -than one. Siding-, ped not less -half p �D L shingle fashion and lap, _) inch. -ig or shiplap shall have, an' P own as ru� iverage, p tterns kn ,. �t, lc, drop sidii thickness. in- place of -not less than nineteen� thirty-seconds (19/82) , of an- inch and a minimum thickness of not 1 ess' than '.three--eight1is ­(3/8) of an, -40- inch., Bevel siding shall have a minimum thickness measured at the butt sec- tion. of not less than twenty-thirty-seconds (20/32) ofan inch and a,_ tip thickness of not less than one-quarte'r (") inch. M HASOTIRY VEITIM. In all cases before applying, masonry ,veneer a stibstant-a'a-l-w—a-t-e-rp-r-o-o-fe-d paper or asphalt saturated felt weighing not less than fourteen (14) pounds per one hundred (100) square feet shall be applied weatherboard fashion directly over the solid diagonal sheathing., as specified -under part .'8HEETING,;.,' Section BW116. Masonry veneer shall -be not less than three and three-quarters (3 3/411) inches thick. . The masonry shall be bonded -to the solid diagom 1 sheathing by means of not less than twenty-four (24) .gauge. galvanized iron strips securely nailed to' the sheathing., and spaced not more than sixteen (16) inches apart horizontally and -twelve (12) -.inches apart -Vertically* Such veneer shall not be permitted above two (2) stories, except for gables* The veneer shall be. supported directly ,on the foundation, and the thickness of, foundation walls -shall be inc ­spd- to a mini ' mum of l2ff inches throughout. Sect-ion B�-118. IIM�IOA PARTITIONS. kll interior partillp'ns,.., shall be constructed _' framed Fand fire sE,oppe required for exterior walls., as specified in Section B-145., except that � interior non-bearing partitions may-have a single topplate., and exce - pt that where non-bearing partitions are a roximatel parallel and not more than four (4) feet apart., t wo inch by three inch (illx3l ) . studs sixteen (16) inches on, centers, may be used. Section* B-119a, CONSTRUCTION, Girder.s 'suppqrting only first floor joists in residence' Buildings shall be solid and not be less than four inches by six inches (411x6l') nominal size (placed on edge) for spans not exceeding,. those specified in this Section. The following table gives the maximum allowable spans for floor joists for Southern Yellow Pine* , or Douglas Fir � (Oregon Pine) _using materials of grade equal. to Noo 1 Common, surfaced four sides, American Lumber Standard, ,sizes and based on a uniform distributed live load of forty square foot* (40) pounds per Size of Joists i Bpacirxg of Joists, (Inches) -Center to Center (Inches) Maximum AL11owable Span (Feet a-rid Inches) 2 12 13- 0 16 12- 0 2 x 10 t 12 16- 6 16 15- 0 2 x 12 12 20- 0 16 18. 6 x 14 12 23- 6 16 __ 21- 0 3 x 6 12 11- 16 lo- a 3 x 8 12 15- 4 16 14- 0 3 x 10 12 3 16 17- 8 .3 x 12 1 12 '23- 1 16 21- 3 3 14 12 26-11 16 24-10 --IQod 0 den flo r..jb1.st,,qhal1 be no less: than two by eight 11or, sno.6ed i116re, than sixteen on,,.,�cent.- Inches .ers o Joists of other grades., othev woocis and. oti-ler sizes may be used., in which case they shall not be stressed to excecd the lmaycimum allowable fiber stress as specified in 4Xticle V7 7 Floor joists, shall have, a clearance of not I e s s than eighteen nche s between the bottom of t1ne joists and 'the surface of the ground 0 cel)) underneCth. Joists under beaa?ing partitions shall be installed as speci- fied in Section. Bw. 14! Ia- 1 joists.,. bearfis and Girders shall be framed away at le.ast two (;d)__-inches fro-ca all, flues and chiUmneys and at least, four (4) inc'hes fro-m the bacl�: of any.fireplace , U1. wood floor joists, pan of iii-o:?e than� (6 having a s six feet shall. ­iave bridSin- as, specifiod� in Section B- 145 Solid bacl:ii,�S not less than two (2) inches in thickness and. the full del-:t'L of the joists shal I be --rovided in the followin -r_)laces - over all G irdors excent -ahen not coiled on the under Side joists, bear-7_n�;: walls, bearing parti.tions. and around- all ztairways or other vertical open- inCs. 3uch solic� blocking shall serve. as the reo -inG syeclfied ,uired in Section 33- 145 -id header 'oists -,-.ioi�c than. four feet 1 o--,-i shall Triiiulers ai 1) - I t) be doubled. E&A.er joists over si-x (6) feet lon�-, or and-t ail Jo.is-cs ov twelve (12) f0ot lon- be hulir, in stirr-,ips or, -_-,ietal joists han-ars. (13) inches f om t e Heado-o boa-,iis slhall be ph ced -not closer than ei,�!-Aeen Lr uh face of a chir.,mey. 'All space, between- chiriney and wood joists or bea-fiis shall be filled with loose inco-.-ribust-l'Ole -l'iaterials placed in an inco-_,11bustible sup-,port., or �r�j.etal coll'ar connected to the chirm-ie­ andl: fastened -U'-o the joists bearfis or floorin- to forM an effective fire. stop. ,U1 joists shall have a i-Ani-_nfi-Liya bea- rin.,� , of .not less than four (4) inches on� the supporting i-iiember;, e,­,oept where entering e:fterior stud walls they shall extend throuS. �a to the outer ed,,-o of the stud, shall be seciwely nailed to the studl. , and :shall be supported- on a ribbo'n 'lat into the studs if no plalte is �provided. (See Section B- 14-5 Z�nchors shall be reqt-tired as ' spe'elfied .in ,Section B.!. 145 Cutti-ricp of wood sirdors bQanns or ioists slaall be limited to that permitted in Sectio_�_l B- 145 Section B 120. ROOF 1-ZT-) CBMING CONSTIAUCTI011. The followi g . table gives , the Bliaximum allowable span., for..ceilinG "joists and 'rafters of' Southern Yellow Pine or Dougla a Fir (OreGon Fine)., usiy!G� materials of ETade ecluai to "-",To-. I Corimion, surfaced four sides, 1�.aerican Luxiber Standard sizes. Sixe of Yolsts -SpacIng of Joists gaximum 1-Ulowable Span .(Inches) Center to Center (Feet and Inches-) Ceiling For- Roof Rafters WlEh Joists light weight roof covering. � 151:011 14 f-1-6 11 2 x 6 12 141 Off 12 1 - 16 f -611 2 .12 18 1:WO11 17f-Off' 141-611 161 �611 2 x 10 12 t 221-011 201..011 16 ., 17f-Ou The above table shall be -used 3nly 13V C�11,71g joists, and/or ,rafters when the roof framing , is designed for andis tovered with roofings- of light- weight ooverings..,- suoh as .-wood cedar shingles- asphalt' compositio n and other similar�_`llght' types : of, ftm-pbs,it.tant r oo f ings&,.,:� q The following table gives the maximum allow-able span for rafters .of Soiithern Yellow Pine lor, Dovglas- Fir (Oregon Pine) , using materials of grade equal to No* I .Commo'n,, surfaced four .(4) sides., Aaaerican Lumber Standard sizes for pitched- roof overlaid with non- combustible tile roofing* Size of Rafters Spacing of Rafters 1 Maximum Allowable (Inches) _Center to Center Span 2 x 6 12 121-011 16, 101_01V, 12 131-011 x 8 16 121-011 12 2 x 10 16 151-0" Roof framing for pitched type roofs shall be anchored by tot less than the equivalent of "one inch by six inches (111x6l') nominal size boards securely spiked, with not less than two (2) eight (8) penny. nails to at leasteach third (3rd) rafter at .a point near the center of the span,, with the oppositeend securely spiked in like manner to the ceiling -joist or, partition inmiediately underneath; suchbracing sha.11 be placed oneach slope (or rise) between plate of exterior wells and the ridge; in addition to the above anchorage, each rafter shall be laterally braced to each other at a point underneath the ridge, in order to form a brace known as the "All Type or "Collar Beam,, " provided., however., that roof construction ,of the "Exposed Cathedral Type" or "Exposed Shed Type" may have such - bracing omitted when they are securely anchored and braced in an approved manner to the satisfaction of the Building Inspectors Roof. framing for. the flat',deck. type roof cons.tructio--ri ,shall be anchored in a iike '-manner by 'at-le.-is-t- two (2). braces evenly Zpa6ed . �at t hird points) -,'of:-tb-e- span. : An air .:s t pace, of not less ,th6n eij�ht6�en: (18') inches shall be required betweeh .the top ofthe ceiling joists and -the bottom of the roof� rafter, for ventilatione' . Roof framingand trussing OP all other type -robf construction shall be anchored in an approved...manner or by an app'roved method to, th,e satisfaction of the Building Inspector* Roof joists when supported, on a ribbon shall' be, securely nailed to the stud and ceiling joist,� and when supported on a plate., shall be securely nailed to the ceiling joists and plate and- at least each second rafter shall be anchored to the plate with an approved .metal strap anchor. Joists or rafters o�C other grades., other woo ds and other sizes may be used, in which case they shall not be stressed to exceed the maximum allowable fiber stress as' specified in Article 17. The allowable . span of roof rafter shall be measured from plate to ridge. 'except that whererafters are braced to ceiling joists and a complete truss is formed, to the satisfaction of the Building Inspectorp the span shall be considered as the distance between int erseoting points of trussing, 'when thelallowable stresses' a I re not exceeded* Roof spaces shall be subdivided by a tightly fitted partitian of matched wood or a-pDroved incombustible materials extend ing from the ceiling to the roof sheathing,, so located as to subdivide this space into areas not exceeding tiventy-five hundred (2500) square feet* A-11openings in such 'partitions shall have self-closing doors or equally effective, devices to provide effective resistance to the passage of flames and P-asoso Section' B-121. ROOF COVEIHING. Roof covering s hal I be Non- CombUBtible. or "Fire Retardan't" roofing as specified in,. Section B- 247 Where wood frame constru,ction 'is used, the roof sho.1,11-be solidly sheathe( in vood, with tongued and gro.ove& sheathing ,of not less than twenty- five thirty-seconds (25/32) of an inch' thickness, provided, however, stripping will be permitted un6er wood, shingles, Stripping -�to­be not lesk t Ti one bY four (lx4") - inch nominal si,ze, set not 'more than e1,g-htlt(8)� incheg- on,-center end nailed with not less . thanttwo eight-penny nail's'' to each supporting ,re.fter.', Section B-122. GEWER"� L. � Other parts,I of Type III buildings, may be constructed of wood, or shall be constructed of approved combustible* ' - ' materials, an& all: such wood construction 'shall, be as specifie6. in Article 14 The carrying .�(I,apacity of all members shall bec ,calculated .b,,, the accepted prin- ciples of .medhanics'. The actual dimensions of timbers shall be used and not the nominal :s1zes in com-outations for stress and determination of size. Combustible insulating materials may be placed in, partitions, floors or, roof fre.,aingi but shall inno way. interfere with the fire blocking or fire separations required by this Code. Section B-123. ATTACHED G.�,��RAGES. When a private garage is located underneath or atta(che(�, to a 'Group F building, the following ' regula- tions as to its constructidn. -shall be rigidly observed: The ceiling construction above the garage, when it--ts- lo cated beneath the roof when the. ,gara e is attache� , shall be unpierced-- and shall have a fire-resistance of one'T.)� hour, as specified in Ja_rticle 35. :The floor may be of, earth� fill , or any ine bustible material. om, I 61alls and partitions of the garage �p6rtions shall be one (1) hourfire-resistive constructioa, as sp pe-cif lea', An Article 35, -iings into the garage shall ,be *restricted to a single door- Op ei way; such: bpeningishall be protected by 19. solid 'slab wood door, not less than one' and thrpe-eighths (1 3/811) inches thiek. at all points, a metal-covered door, or' othe-r 'closure, of equivalent or gr-eater, .fire--resistance, all mounted so as to be gravi,ty closing, or vjith spring hinges- or door closers. No glass shall be permitted in such door. GIARAGE VENTMITION-9 'Private garages. which are conskructed in Conjunction with any Group F buildings and which have openings into such -build- ings shall be equipped with.fi.xed louvred or screened openings, ,or' exhaust ventilation and with exh,,austopenings located. within six (6) feet o.f the floor. The clear area of the louvred openings or the openings into theexhaust ducts shell be not less than sixty (60) . squ,are inches per carst6red in, such pri- vate garage. Under no cir'cumstante shall a private garage have any opening :: into a living or sleeping room, -4-RTICLF, 15. ENGUM. ERING RE GULQ'ION��, QUJUITY AND DESIGN OF UrbiTERI-IUSS UF 'CONSTRUCTION, Live and Dead Loads. Section ,B-124. DEFEWITIONS. Dead Load. The dead load. of a building -shall include' the WeiCht of-the walls, permanent stationary construe- tion entering into and becoming a part of a building. Live Load. The live load Includes all loads except dead loads. Section B-125. , GLN._,��R�LL. (2) Loads. Buildings and all parts thereof she be -of suf f icient 'strength t 0 SUP*1)r ort .�the. estimated or -actual iraposed, dea,d and live ldads ,lift' addi.tioh to their own proper �'dead loads,, without exc.eeding �th6 stress es�,noted, d1s' here In this' Code -o:. -building provided : that--n 1. or part thereof shell' be designed-for live loads less then those specifle,d in the following sections. Impact shall .be considered in the design of ,any ptruc- ture where impact loads occur, (b) DESIGN. Any syitem o r riae tho d shall admit of a rat-fo--n=aanalysis n ecco and 0 he ON 1 6 �M t(h e�e p'� Fid ciples of mecinanios. 5ectlon ,B-m126. S132CLU LOLD GO 1713 IDERAT 10 N S Provision -.'shall be made in -desiLnine �o7f fl-ce: floors for 'load of, two; thousand '(2000) pounds placed -upon any space .tWo -and oneihalP '(2-�U) Ne- Wherever, this load u-oon-..an otherwise-�unlo&ded floor would r oduc.el . -stresses- ,Sreater �than �those f ormly .distribute d load: o f f if�ty ..(50)_ u. �A a pounds per square f oot I d ta±rs A, dwe I I a- (b), Corr L bra , and, s n desiL ied Por 'notAbsp .-than f Or ty (1.6) P011nd Pe s quar6: fo -s igpi 'I'l -to a used- for i ..6r, (c) In-de, ng I oors ndu,9trial cial C -as comier pixTposes the a tual..live load ,ca - ed- by-,th'e :us -the e to .whi ch, � building or. par -aildl--rigs is. to .be shalJ be used ,i t t -of� the b n he de s i gn of such buildin,� .,or,­part there'of , 'and special. prQv:Lsion shall bemade, f6r rimchine or Apparatus*-.1-oads 'when, such. riiachihe- or apparatua' would cause a greatbr,' - than-Is fi d in load, pq�ci e ection, B1,127 (d) Floors, In''of fic6 b*,'buildiYic,,s and in,,-other btliildings -Ub je.ct to ;shiftllg , X�p rtiti s itho'ut r'e 11 0 a on . W ference �to ,arrangement- of floor -bearas- or girders.'.8hall be designed- to support. in ddclil tion . to: other 16ad& a single, partit:1 -,�bf, the.�,type used -in ,the building, Lots placed ,in' any �pos ion,* Public. : _aGes­. and-�'corrma` ci iiiidast2� er al or ial buildin6s , gar ve in which loaded truck,8,�,:a.' � 1' ore'd sh fl re p acod., used' or- 'st all- a , the ' o,or sys,tem th 0 desiZned­.f or max �Ao`dds ��In ' e 'la �st--or;!�tIOA, :P' ositi qn,, I IT, LIVE LOIDS The tollowing ,Wait loads shall � be taken as the*, rainimui# 1:* 1 Fis, in pounffts , per- s citar e foot to be �used in the_'�de.s buildin,�-s -Por, the ,,.,.o.c p and loads be 8; no sit -a ir-,' tliiis.-Seotion' but as. �me d�- at lea s t equal 'shdll be�, i-L -hich creat6 pr'� accommodate simi ar , ldadinus axtiiients 40 UMa �kea 76 0 d-vab�ei e 16 Ba c6 e at 1 8 'and Gallerio ized' Se s. .11ovable 8eata'., 100 Daxice -Fl . ors -0 .100 '0 Drill, Rooms 100 Dw e T 11 no,,s �,41 '40 Exterior BaloonieiE� 100 . 1 ', 1M:!, TI;re �Escapes F i 100 GdIra Publ 16 Gyrnnas iurAs, lo-0 Librgri6 -mReadihg ooms 60 1,00, C. orr J dors 0: Stack- Rooms i., 12� % hanuf act,�xring-LiGht�i­ 75 IvIarq1_11s.e. .60* Offices - 50 Pr in t'i i% Plamts-?i 150* Compqs�lng,::an ROOM 100*, d :Lihot ype Public Roo,ms.,.- -100 Re s t Ro oMs. 4- 50,_ Roof L -oads �(See,ZePtiot, B� 1-28 S6hobls-Ciass Ro 6 oms 40. C dor6 ori 80 .Side'walks-BOO .,Jbs..-Concentrated� or 250, ..Stairways . (Mk66pt Res ide-zaces, 80 0to Stores-Retail ' (Liyht ,,iLercIjandise) 0 7.5 L10A. blerchandise) Miolesale 100 i�,-Load to b6"-deterrain-6d' fronl ,p-ppposeovs:e or, occupancy, but 16ss. than S-0ecified- here:,': Section B' 128'. ROOF LQLA�S. Roof�s having a rise of four (4) inches or less per foot of horizontal projection sh-�_-11 , b-e designed for a vertical live ,load of, thirty (30) potnds per, square foot of horizontal projection a_oplied �to any or all slopes. Rboftwith & . rise of more than our.,:(4) inches D.er f o o,t hs�-11 be Aesigned �for a live -load force acting , normal to the slope, such live 16ad-;.to be computed in accord wilth ace-'epted -�ngineering Prin iples. c Section B-120* RIMUCTION OF LM LO��.,MS. The folloViing redue- tions in assuaed' live loads shall be,,permitt.ed in - designing :of columnsl plers, walls, foundations and girders: (1) No recuction�.of the assumed. live 16,ckd shall be allowed in the design of any slabs ' JPi,sts or beams, (2) A... r eduction of the total live load,used ,in the design of girders based on,-a', certain tributary floor area shall be permitted 8.8 noted irl- the following schedule. This reduction' shall not be c�trried into� the columns norshe'll such, reducti,on b,e, .used in design of buildings 'to be used or occupied as warehouses or -for storage purposes. REDUCT ION LL4,Q-,,_,ED TRIBUT,�RY FLOOR ,AREiL ;00 sq. ft. 200 so. ft ' 15' 300 sc. ft or more '(3) For determining the �total live loads -carried. b,� collj=s the following reductions shall be, permitt6d, the reductions .,being, based on the. assumed live loads applied to the tributary floor -ar'e'a: , ALLO'd.LBLE REDUCTIONS FOR , W_,'a-`FOU-E- IM S T ORI L G,.s -7- Roof 0. per cent lst Floor below roof . . . . . . . 0 per cent 2nd Floor- belbvrroof 'e. 0 0 5 -per cent LIVE LWD Rle D LJO T,10 S FOR la'ANUFiXTUR ING BUILDI14GS '14 V, -fl IR—E-CIES (COLUMNS) STORLS M CT ' 0 -pe'r cent Roof lst Floor.�belolw roof . . . .. . aper - ceqt 2nd .Floor b�elovv, roof. . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Der c e n A L -MAR L I V.6 LOAD REDUCTIONS FOR �':LLL OTI On 3UILDINGSi EXCEPT . ��EHOTSES 0 R STU17ME BUILDI14GS Roof . . . `0 per�:oent 1 st 'Floor be l&W.,-,.rbof J. 0 per c'ent . , e w� rodf 2nd'�Floor b loi� 6 10 per- cent (4) 'The base area of the footings of all buildings shall be de.si,gned in the following manner. Thaarea of -the" footing whith?.has .,thd largest percentage of live load to total ,load shall be determined by"-dividing the totel load b-.1' the ,allowable soil load. F-.,-om the area thus- obtained the dead load. soil pressure of such footing is determined end the areas of all other f.00tings . of the� .building 'shall be determined, on the bas1s ,,of their respective dead loads only and such dead,. .1 oa:d­,.8oi 1 res sure.P : 11� no case sh-�11 the load per- - s(-uare foot -under any- 'portion of any footing, due to the combineddead, live, wind and/or cany other loads, exceed the saf e sus- taining power of the 'Soil upon which the f.00ting rests.. The total. -reduced 1-ranedia.tely above the fo a live load occurrinE2 .:Ln the column oting sh 11 be the live load ,used in the- above computation. Section B-130. LIVE L0-:12 ,d4D SI].-ATING C.LF,;`:.0 IT f P T 0. The live loads for which each floor or part thereof- of a commercial. or industrial is or has baen' designed�-� shall have such designed live loaft . con- sp I icuously posted by the 0­-t�ner in that part of each story in, which, they apply, using durable metal signs,- and it shall be unlawful to rem"ove or defact such notices.. The occupant qf 'the' building shall b,e .,respon.sible for keeping the , a-atual I ad. below ti-ie all)wable limits. C1 The maximvyii seating capacit -all be conspicuously posted y sh by ,the owner of the building. by means' of durable metal signs placed in each assembly room, auditorium or* .room used for- a similar purpose where fixed seats are not installed, and it� shall be 'unlawful to remove or deface such notice or to permit more than this legal n-Lunber of �persons within such space* - Section B-131* OCCJQFATITCY� P]�JUIjTTS 'FOR Clikl'TGED FLOOR L01f0ING. Plans for other than res*identib-LI buildinggs filed with -the Building Inspector with applications f or permits, s-hall,. show on each drawing the live loads *oer square foot of area covered, for which :the, building is:,, -,, designed, and oacupancy permit' s for buildings hereafter * erected shall - not be issued until the floor, load si(-,-ns required- by Sedtion B-130, have been installed* No -changes in the occu ' pancy of a building now exist- ins-, or here-after erected shall be ):,iade until a re1tsed occupancy permit has been issued by the Buildi-ng _InspectQr: certifying that the floors are suitable for the loads characteristiCLof the -pro-posed occupaneyw (See Sections B-10 and B-110) Section B-132* RETAINING 1,kiLTLS A,11D ITT FLOORS. When earth or water., or earth and water cause or may cause a pressure on any building or structure, such total ,pressure. created shall be calculated in accordance with the best accepted engineeri-rig- practice,, and such . calculations anddesign shall take into account any possible sur-charge due to moving or f ixed loads* ARTICLE 16* y"SO11TRY ((T-,)ua11­EY and Design) Section B-133* QUALITY OF '1,d�!2111-11ALS AKI'D Tl,',STS REQ_(�IRED. The quality and design of materl-alsused in the construction of masonry b-(iildings or of the masonry portions of any building shall conform to the, minimum standards as specified in this 1�rticleo The following materials., when used with mortar and plain concrete and gypsum shall be classed as masonry and whenever used' in any building shall conform to the minimum requirements specified in this Article'o (a) Brick �clay, _sand-�lime (d) Gypsum (See note (a*) or concrete) . (b) Concrete (plain con- (e) Hollow tile (clay) . crete) ., (c) Concrete' (block or, tile) . M St onee -,-rNote (a) This. applies only to gypsum used in floor or . roof construction., non-bearing walls or� partitions, fireproofing or similar uses where not exposed to the wea-the'ro The Building Inspector may require structural a-nd fire-resistive materials to be subjected to tests to determine their quality whenever there is reason to believe theLmaterials used do not come iip to the r' e' - quirements -of this codes Tests of materials� shall be made in accordance with the Standard Specifications of the American Society for Testing Materials as such mxk standard specifications are noted- in this Article and paid for by the owner. Section B-134* B-DRITED CLAY OR SHALE BRICK. Brick as used in this Code shall mean a sti;uEtural unit of �burne37clay or shale formed while plastic into a rectangular prism.. usually: solid and about ei I ght inches b�r thiree and three-quarters inche's by two and one-fourth inches (811x3 3/411 x, in sizeo Section B-135* 310M-LITTM BRICK. Sand-lime brick shall conform to the standard specifications foF79and"lime Building Brick., &.S.T.141, Designation 073-30 of the American -Society, for Testing materials . j 'R Cone c C.- Section `BZl­�6_le -GONORETR -BRICKe rate br I I shall Coherote - uildiag conform,�to�.' the.�'To ta 13 �6 tT�for,,Testinp,� �.LL'e DesiSn tion,�,C&5!I,33T f ..the . & arican' Socie �;_Idat6rials J'� Se ot,101! !OTLOTW:,'OO1,TCRE BLOCI,� I h,61:�qw,,,concre*te.'� us,6 d f or-.:a,% 6rior. s,* ails. �-iia i a sDecified or, --divisio 1��w t 0 in -this Sadti n 'The a vera-ge, ive�-.-s' treiigth of f the ti of , ess raer t de'liver to the alte, shall, be. nq �,osz�',than­the rollo '14 -1! 17 ver a Com��, e 1�s (Is �eri: iiiinimwit,Face, F un 8 clu h .Pe��iittd4, on�, any ziieil .Thi clai6 6 s %;,,Gr.os-s Cross ,:,Sect lonal .Axea_ Teat"Unitt ,in �P'u A o nds. par -1 i 'Gross-to -C a _t4a. VTalls� square:. ross _Tjjch6s 4_ ea, sectional -zlr 77�7 7' (300 700' or ove Ui anc over r 7 ae -test o f five, 51.11 un t - by In li,eu of b reclulred this' ­ Ins.�:I' I I - I I I I ' , -a cppt :per,tlfiOaces - furnished by� the :,Oe 0 or ,may ac sedtlon�:,,ti Btri 1;d ii t 34 Unddrivriterm laborat��ie o nriy 'un, 17 t s', s h-a 1 not Tmorei'tlaan toil CP40r6te un 'h iDex, cent of vwa�t6r� der -a 0, ersion -test. 'Uiilts'! EU-1 wh ic h will- be atitaV y pr o, or a a d or Waather in t'he f inished L JAI -this �paragrap ork need no t c 07, oi�a' to ',t e :,,a'b6ior, �-_h ' b he Q� � r c1lilp:'ement, of., , t ., t6 unit s�, f4ll hollow ednere exce-pt -�vh 41 6h a r a Specially CLOVqi�ea Sectl oil. qui�,eyaents ,�of-th s sh�li-�, ftetet �the re or, L6ad arl-ri,� ,.Conarote','Uni 16"s Spa�c i fi c at'l 6_66 iihd',T a st'-s' Tentative. ,,. . . -be �ion 090�- Sodiety f or Testixig Eleteri-Lals T.1,1. ppsIgnat -id-meiat I such I be I c 6hip 6 ed' 'Of and t s subs queftt,':amei nd �F hall 6,� cor'leilt's 6 and Ad ,we.t cr�i:t te�c-,if i a i 'ar-t 1 c I a S be mixed i_11 lr_�6t� on: -All co8Lrse _�aq8re,,-,,,ate tha:iy the f o 11'o w-T n g t, an&��d!,:soreen 01 Sue s- td:�be 0a] ITO. 4- 'w­ue- "q**,- st sh�1' 1 be h' s z�e'� etlained , thrdti—v ive -the ai-id pass ' _` * 1 5/0 It):,"'i t -,�tp I hths U.� ndard"r4elih-W. -a :b6 f -0a r,t s 6 fi e.. agG­rbga'tem_ our, bateh, -p'r6ppi-t , ned ax jt-, r a e ' (1) &P''J' -'bite- i with r t--c.'eme 4 to seV -i c6arso agZre on 6i _(7) _rts, obtibi ie. in, a dry. 6m on, fine rsb i-a&�rega, �e;,: anall condit:!_ Jfor a-it laast-, --and. coa I'to t c�--_1'nsisten0y ,,for:.a _-O.erlod not -one Inute-i-,".then, mixed. in-:� CLaY11jD,, f �17 -less tha-n O'A6-(l) '.,fAnute' b-a f"oro� b, a in' ' Oacea i-h.,the& mo-old, _jIll,w al t a, ,to.. i;a a o it the,.,re quirqments,,.i4±` Code sh',�ild-- be =red, f'Or �a :perlod of not -than h6lu� -under;�.`a sai a loss or uy­ei��111t'_ (48) s ble or, protecclon-,,p Us ari add i t ional ­tinde f-ori aurl,14117 IM d "t the itrbngth-,t 6 c-if led or er, p me U a- i' th s Sect-' one n tile in add_it, i'w-i`,t 1110et-Ing e : Special" ;condrdt&�,b Underviriters hi 8'ec' ddmp!:� iiith _tlae' r,,eq�uireynents -11 n, t, 8-,- U1011 1_id- fbl-- llow, na: _d:1n-1* Unit8,, da E oratiories taac 1-10 B-",il I he shal, --ve a, .aom ess s s: thal ­n� �2-6., ' 1930-2 /a n d J I �op not 7 pr ran,, average. of seveh hund:i�e&: (�06) j�ouncjs,�:,per s q Lich per unit of'. 1 a laid in the�, -Vall - '�ots area x:, a La ce -IJAC16rwr I- b oran to r 6 rtified holl o�v 6oncrete ` b'uild' i48 COLI'la -Lui ts � may be as Z.Pecial , Alnits:q idered_ -Lib ts s -The total c al s�, of;�o"-o-nerete, uni peolfied in thl_q Section ish4ll, :c-ont-in,..!,I tilql�%t�Vidhtyf per cent- in i-vO (26). 0 V,3 I ds 6ir or u y-- u -LR Ilan ffc�ctiwers ma re&Lstev.'with t4a,,:F uldi�G'.Inspector C -identifying: -e on ,their, products :for-.-e y, id6i t i s7r%b61 t6' "Ue us d -a ficaclon 6 on- be b of-­thi. ul, in :np qve.nt.. 0 ti ATO 1, ed., 3 , O� i ' th d-6nstV-Lidt: on, 0 tj�pn� t* inp',Pec don,. and--t s t, or Be-Otion, 3-wl3s. isv J-Zw, bl, 'il. ; Ic d ayl oc use T or I LU"r*I r Adx` e2AGlosox,-ea_, Taa i it I-ma. ue, d, partit� ons Aval Is, f y coil ala��.,1:14 er 9 _,�-auaterial :cbns 0 i re han�,.,Zlft 66nt� bY.:-_L,-%,WUO- #. 0 bi nd 3-ns-, n tLEo t 11 ''.(1,5) o vo ips i w;C e'.�s io:'�- or f od' c 1i -61C ��S,Iiall be. a q lal, 0 Gyps=: partition t3.IeLor �blo i" j_1SL f O:e,� t th.'- S if ie a d6rd.-Speoified o_ -'smi_:,Parit n Ile or Pec the �Stan Gy! i:o Bloc 'a 7 ,L Of" tlie ,lvlerioan Sbc"ty for Testing.,,: bf ,th and. p ys: (-,suma, Pan ca zho, C'Hemie'nI h L 6,q I -6roperties -'specifle, in; the ..Standdrd� Spec.1flQa- sum, s1i cl',ned ;all. be '�&qual- tb`­that d. x -­osma 8L nd. Cale! aed..-., �yps T tions i 70rp G _x I b,esi -nation., C2 -25. -and S I'De CL �I.Ve YS, he e -y, r sting-, Matorials Of,_. t _Lmorlean .Soo-i t 0 "C23-30 re t- f D-1 H LLUJ alck 'holl ow burne d clay S,qCtion L59 TILE t -1o, e r ng Will tile used f oi- ,ext-,81-io par. 1,.or. I vis i on walls 'sha.11', be a.d' b 'a- '1 ha -L ae d ld � 6 h 16 ile a nd s 11 be we I 'To iri _=its. ,of,7� 7 a I rile �L,11 hollo, w .-b-iirnecl-olay load-�bearin& vial i :i i1b 61"'1 1 e�t bt�'ti'di-is and the requiregients thi� �_Tehtdtive Specifi -be rIng Wall T IL 16 `- O-S I e s 3.gna o 034: 33T of. th6- 'BurAed-Clay load"* D 0 A c y -`19 terik a 11 7� �ed,'Vith'�a a - AS7 t one s e-�'I�rand t ijbr�inei�Yb il6onti-f the man�xf acturer Vvhid1i. sha.1 be, .-rogl6tered:', with th6; �3tiildift t o r7'. X, ppc�: acoorL Ce a T Pe-,011110,310-s bo­madeji fo 75-C�St St vi th the teatativ(D specifica ons r. one 5eri bn Q2),Cr --e ..Institute t n6 _Jcan" e 'd' Sbction�zB '140*-­'h, 5 L�ll ceyllent�s ::.and a.-use in i-_,iortars shall :cotform- to� th6_ reqvii'veiiients �of' the ..Standard Spe c if i cat i ons, t Testixi& �_i 1�ierlcan 'o,G I e k1aterials na-Le:�Ials is,sued, by ,�UL of: he$e Y �-Ior A.S.T*1�1.'' Debi-cnatf.o. i as, 116t�e& below c kl 1 mb '.I or` 3?-Uc rur St� al ',.P�urppses �.05-2_6.4 , o'ses -C6-31'*' 2 S i6dt�oi z t pa, 'Test,$' or:Po r t la nd Gerad e_�j 1 m6rt d'.in,unit, -maso�ary, oonstruati6n shal,�- be elther� I im e-cem6-nt �Aort L-� 0� 6-nierit t o4ng�s',�axid� FpV so,l.- e d piers; f 6_ f, son,3�y. the -gra 0-where-% , ter.iox -ounda t ontAr:8.I I s a Ad f or al I m- nit, 4 on's -ar shall b&"- u� cted to we t ConditJ nl nt �ibrt used s Y Creme lent, m6ri-te, of. or L riart Ime e composed, , t a Le limb or,"hyd-TratedL 1 Jille] l)- b_ariA Portland ce�i6nt, a6id S i__� ar ts, P � 0 s an by, vo lm4e i of- ne iUmIO (b) C&ae 11t ortai.,! shall:':b6 aomposed of` O-L M- lat y -,v. -M sand- o uthe di, li e - a art s�­of, -b 1 tion: of:, hr e e. Q) P vith an allowable a P PC uttT -or: hydrated li-me of 4 '4.,kdeed. fifteen r, by voli=6. , 0 0 'of. the'r &e _Ohte-nt. ".�iMe'� S 1�ort.,,V 6 orupo rdrdted I ..ed of C'&A6 nt 1 irae put t y: or li� ilatermbditLte , t o those s.,Pe.1C,f, �'!A` PtL i re. a Ad _san'd and having pr oport-Lons r-­raphs, and in be -us -o Z vided a-Y :,cerient ma r doe s..not- -0 saAd a-Ad, �md of. th atious, te. ia 1- e --Ooe 3 o%- 6--i 6 B S Sectiol -141. ZjLQ'dABLE- WORI J, KI' G S"I Thol�l -_-Aaxiriw.,i allowable woo?IUAC 000-pressive stresses, in bribIr, masonry due to combined live) dp�Ld ancl other loads'., shall mot.� e.xcoe d ae,-, 1 Lid-t s for the. 'of th e individual units ' listed 'in ,the respective compressive strengths',, f ollowing, table-: ........... I�iaximufll. Unit 17 rhing,� 9tresses quar - i ch) (Pdunds: per is e n pressive Us.ing Various- Mioi tars St-i-,ensth Lime of Units Cement lilortqr Mortar 4QO -4500 1.1 '300 2500, :10 250 Q �300 to 1250 '1175 ORP The above stresses are based on' good -worl=anship--with, full--* mortar beds and f ull.,-_qjor tar o int'S and- shall. be allowed o-nl with sue4 Gonstructionl! x co Til'or e s s lis The ma 11-aluIrl al loWabI e ive 8tre. ollo w ssez in h -w 0. of briok :-diie' to c Qmb.ined' 'li.via.,'and -dead-loads shall not exceed the. stresses Aven in the above table based - on th6leffective -net cros _t: oneil, , : D s-s,ec. �area of the wall. (b)- Concrete, Bl oc, k, or, Tile:* The� paxiniura allowable compres- sive ' stresses., due to�_aohibined .live and. dead loads., in masonry of con- crete block or, tile., � Ghall not' eizceed e i jyity�:�(80), pounds per. square inch of Sross arbss-sectiontLl area -when laid in ce-ment, mortar .or 'so ' ve t n m y (70) �pounds per 6 qua r�e..i ftic, -I, o' f' -,;Zross- cross-sectional area, .Lwhen la�'IdLin lime, ceraent� mortaro (c) Load-bear ing May Tileb , The. maxim-um all owable 'dom" pre'ssive stressos,` :due, 't.o o-ombined . liVe and- dead 'load's 'in 'masonry of -o load bearing 'clay. t U S11-a 11' not' exoeed-' e ghty (80) pounds per scl -are -op t inch of the gross cr. s�-se,c, ional, a r e-a When laid in,�Jcer, ent mortar or seventy -g Q sp. cross MY d )'ri smo -e Ach..of- the -r -sectional area .Poun 9-p.(7 vil-ion' laid i A." 1 bement n6rtara tim a ble dom-ore ss,ive stresses -in .,(d) Stone. 'The. nax3---ra lloWal rubble . 4tbhework� .due ..,to,.,-co:�abined% lIve and -dead loads., shall riot eea- one ,hu-ndr -1d, ed and-' ,f orty, L'Ao-) Ounaz per 'aquare inch whe n� la�d� in Portlai cement :mortarP, nor one hundre d. (100:): poiunds per s q-tare .inch in limel - cement mortare .1 e q a m pros s i s tr,as s," ashlar- masonry allc#b:b in o -ie d ll �t exeed t)Y6 �`followi 'limits sh a� �I no c n 6.u6, d'ortib- 41 ve" and= MaXimum,- Unit' Workincn, Stresses (pounds per square inch)� laid in�-, Unit 'Lime Portland Ceme lit Ilort ar Cement Diortar Granite 6.40' �800 Limestone � 400 �_,500 4COO 50-0 Sixnd-6 t one 320' _IAOO Coral �Rock 15,0 Section B-ldl.�,. GE-�-�ERAL The effects of eccentric loads and lateral forces shall be fully analyzed and allowances �:Iiade for thelhi in desiCn. ConcentrIz--ted loads -shall be distributed so as not to exceed the al-�ov;able worhlns- stresses as specified in Section ED- 141 I-) by iiiore than twenty-five (25) per cent* , I NOTE: -Wherever spe,cifications or refere.11ce to Standards are h,lade in this Article, it shall inean such desi,-nated s-i)ecifications and its s ubs e quent ai.ie nd*.z;i,e nt s to ,datee AJ7 LRTICLa 17. WOOD (Quality andDesign) Section B-142, GENERAL. The quality and design. of all wood except finish and millwork, used in the '-construction ,of all buildings shall con- form to the requirements ' of this "Irticle. All members shall be -so framed, .anchored, tied and braced together as to develope. the maximum strangth and rigidity .necessary for the purpose for which they are used. No member shall be stressed in excess of the strength of its details and connections, Workmanship in fabrication, preparat.ion and instal-lation- of material shall conform throughout to good -engineering practice. American Lumber Standards,. as s,et f or-1,-1h in "Simplif ied Practice Recommendations, R16-290 ofthe United States. Department of Commerce, effectiveJuly 1. 1929, is hereby declared to be the basis for the deter- mination of minimum acceptable sizes., for the assignment of allowable working- stresses and quality .of structural lumber for the .purpose of this Code. Manufacturer' s association grades conforming to 'these, pro'Vislons shall be accepted as complying- with the- requirements of this ,-Code. Section B-143. DETERKINATIOW UP REQUIRED SIZES. All wood, structural members shall be of .,suf f iclont- 'size, and' strength, to�'carry.. their imposed loads, saf P-1y:,�Lnd' with,out- exceeding the allowable working 'stresses.- as specif ied I i.n,,.,Tables I, II & III '�of thi S-L Articil'6* In computations to -determin,e the required size of timb,er, members the not cross sectional area of actual size shall baused and not the nominal size. Sizes required by this .Code shall be deemed to refer to the nominal or commercial description of size,unless stated in fractional minimums. American lumber standards dressed sizes shall be accepted as conforming to nominal or commercial—dese,riptions of sizes. Section B-144. UNIT STRESSES. Allowable unit.,working stresses for lumber shall be determined on the basis of the quality (Grade) lumber used. The plans and specifications. shall show grades, .Quality and kind of lumber used 'in the design of the building or structure. For the purpose of assigning Allowable Unit Working Stresses thr6e � general classes . of lumber. Bhall be recognized as follows:,, (a) �'Structural � LumberV (b) "Yard- Lumber" ACY -, "Other Lumber" (a) STRUCTURAL LUMBER is (1) lumber manufactured and graded in accord- ance with any ofthe lu4iber association Structural Grades conforming to the American Lumber Standards, or (2) Lumber graded under the Structural Grade Examples of the American . Lumber Standards (Part 1V-Simplified- Practice Recommendations R16-29) and in either ease adequately identified. Each pleceof Structural lumber shall be 'grade-marked and shall, bear trade-mark of the lumber association under whose rules thelumber is graded; provided, however, � that the Building Inspector may accept a lumber manixracturerls Lssoclation Certificate of. Grade -in lieu. of such grade and trade-mark. (b) YARD LUMBER is (1) lumber manufactured and graded in accordance with the rules of a lumber associat-ion for. "Yard Lumber'" or (2) lumber graded in accordance with the basic Grade Classifications and with the Size Standards for "Yard Lumber"' in American Lumber Standards. (Part III-Simplified Practice Recommendations R16-29. ), Y2aD LUMBER shall be used for load-bearing ,purposes only after working stresses for the Grades used shallhave Veen- asaigned by the Building Insped- tor. Such working stresses shall.- be assigned when evidence is furnished .to the satisfaction of the Building Inspector,- as to the Grade .of the Lumber. ouch evidence may be either (1) �'Grade-Marks` on the lumber when accompanied by an "Yssociatilan "Trade-1 ar-011 '12) a iiimber P.ssociation Certificate of Grade, or or (3) in -the abSence of such identification, the Duildfn(_�, Inspector may determine the Grade -of the L-Luraber by visual inspection. (c) OTI- L_Olk�,BEPL is LL11 ltn-aber. vfnich does not for any reason qualify as a Grade of UStructiwal Liirrib.erll. or "'-'Card Lumber" as def"ined hereinbefore . QT1__:`�R 'shall be used for load.-bea�rinr,, pur poses only when ap-roved by the Building Inspector. , ,,-. (a) '-Olates, joists and Sectio' n. B-145... MG DA 1,8 rafters whe-ze entering or resting on:,masonry walls shall ,have 0. bearing .of at least four (4) J 7 nch es W�th the undersurface protected. by a' piece o�, - -ialt� or- saturated fel-t or,. paper, or, a- metal, bearing-, blate and such a p1 -1 d 0 o e or end shall be dipped or painted 'ith''Una'dulterated I efine r o.s": t equal approvec! wood .8ervative'. pre, (b) Joists and rafter�. ends may be- supported by a two inch , by four, inch (2,11M-11) wood ,s-trip 'or cleat spiked . or bolted to the girder., or larf�-ei:� riehiber if required b the � loading, y (c) ',Iood members, entering m��sonry ,party :f ire walls shall be se-�),arated fron the opposite side of. the wall and from beams( enteri n_ �the o-o-oosite side of the wall b-\F. f ovr . (4) inch i-iiasonry. The end of the joists, beams and/or girders shall be . fire-cut to a bevel6f not l.e'ss than three (3) inches in their de-oth, and shall have, the under surface protected as sj,,ecified in paraZraph (a) above. (d) -.11he r e joist raft(--.rs and. beams enter masonry they shall be provicled-, with wall r.lates, boXes and anchors of an a7)-oroved . type so arran,,-,,-ed as to leave an air space of not less than one (1) inch at sides of. me,-_,iber. Rigid' boxes shall be -provided. L-i concrete wtLlls , , The- ends 8hall -not be sealed in; provided that where ends of timbers are well treated with creosote or -othe.r approved preservatives they may be sealec! in. Is �or plates are placed on masonry or concrete., they shall meet the requireinents of Section B-14,5.; and shall be isolated from the masonry as. specified in Section 'B-145; sills ere not.r eqi-ni.reO. to be bolted to --nasonry except in frame construction, but all plates, shall be bolted with not less 'than �one-half (-��) , inch bolt securely- embedded in the masonry a-Tic! spaced not over six,, (6) , feet apart. In frame construction .both sills and. plat-es are t.o be' anchored as spb-cified above. (e) 1�nchors for each tier of joists shall be provided where they enter masonry walls and. where they aic parallel to mas onry walls , Such anchors slaall be of a standard type anchor and spaced not- more than ' four (4) feet apart. Such anchors, shall, in all cases., occur on the ,opposite end of the ' same run of joists and ends of joists shall be lapped and spil�-ed. so as to form a continuous tie across the building. (f) The minimum peri,�issible thiclaless of joists, rafters and studs , shall be of one and five-eights (1 5/8) inches . (g) Floor Joists shall -be supported by :sill, girders., bearing partitions or exterior, walls , and. shall be' anchored. as s-ioecified in sub- section (8) of this Section. ldhere. enterinL--, exterior stud walls., the joists shall extend throu,­h to 'the outer edge- of the st-ad and shall be supported by a ribbon .not less than one by four nches nominal size or larLer member if. required by the loading, let in the studs if no plate is provided. Joists shall beiwell nailed to the . supporting studs . 6tuds- shall be &-abled. -under the ends of c9o-�ibled 'joists . (h) Header joists over six �(6) feet long and: tail joists over. twelve (12) feet long shall be hung in approved stirrup irons or - Joists hanr;ers . M Joists under -bearing partitions and running parallel thereto shall be desilr-ned to carry the s-uperimposed load and well spiked or se-paratea by solid bridg-Ing not more than sixteen (16) inches on centers to permit the passeag .,e of pipes . (j) t400d. cross briclCing shall be Dlaced. between joists if the span is over six (6) feet. The distance beti,-ieen bridging or between b r i dg i i i tc, and. .bearin,-., shall not e77COed six feet. Wood cross briding in dlTiellinSs may be -one by four '' (lOx-11") inches nominal size in cross sectional area, but d u I ildingt ,-shall not be I ss tht�n. onp--b s x -(l IIx6 I,) in ,6' b inche' ,s norflimm s ize Gros s-'�br 'eiter, _�:o qual -r. Bre strength = 'Y -,I,. t a,1, 7- W 6 (2) -inch brI g�' 'place: of- the .wood'.or os 4� -bridgIng. 36116- t ng 7.7 be', pl ed�-tbetv�een ,fj_ ' joistA�r. Oor ta a ,,_SldpDo�Pts . Solid. bridgalic 'a e dc" d betWe o ,s sat the _b h 11 b �pl 9 en j d. pace." -attic' s s Y. coVere V t i al,I �d d '- A' s- �,s ts sh6ll be Cutting of -woo � g, rder, i. bbems 0: �iie b6a ts ,a�ftd, b-or�e,� hol.6-*s, not:" ited--to ou er"th-qn one- m d pt-h- below I tq.,��t*o') "I O'c 4 t e d Aot f ur the :boam on e_ ft -than, three Out s in�exce6s. -of�' ab ve lor_ �`-.bore :hol6s with �a diameter t jib�re han', two inche s-,a no rrwl� ted without -�-pecla re �pe, -or.ovfs ions the, boamb appr I e'd b OT he' Bulldii-�g Ihsp 'jo R& DETATILS;:-�. -. 17 'T 6M, A-US WlDv:PARTITIQINS-.�.� h�' B.-146 FEL&Ii ING, -all be "Ar i Ions s P37 with �,s_oles or- pjeates-�with dim -',on,- er e -par n 1 0 wh th* t I Iess.' than- the-�'studz tit ion, z ud s do t Ps hr V Ii t f ,oor- to; the� to lr_'te-s� . ..-.sills girdars , o" r,,- d6 no 'pa t �6 g he I P p th�e pa t­t lo ns th u a -s ha in ,b -a 'Ag par- i- t-Op pla j 1 11 ",be doublb'd a, pi. �.int rse'6ti n Joil -n. the,upp6r',,_and', lo�ver­mehibers �and lappedla-tlleadl,],��, e o tagge'rec' not: P Qp les8, th. of th t 11, be s� -and' walls shal-11 !n*o't be in"'bearing, q.r '1 1.011 Studs t -ia A�z 'ii7il� ' 'Iess I n two Anches:�,by. ,�,_four Inah-66 �(WJ�i4 noraindl" Z- e:. ere a, . it S lon _up:i;�Orts. m6r6- .,thdki�-the wbir-11pit T f- 6 nd -o-ne T.loor -o he' roo' ",'the­Stud8-''shalI 'be Abt- less -than twb� inche$�',by' ' q,i:k inches nom-in al, 3 41 -IC our inb e i�ib�inal 'Size . exceptT�­t imqhes:'� bY I P ze or' .re h -W ler y.,,be.,Io�.,,.,.�.,he--�da'm'e�.si:ze� C.- ately labove w. e A' a, S, t -studs, mii,qdi h such ��ndol-Dinh:ja�g Did 'than ,four; ­(4) -feet,-:�t�� 'h r a Eribti flo,or to- floor �the'y Js�,.pas s, hi Ou Shall be.- f ir q�'-B to, passp.6;o floors Cm�h- s -iei s i7mere, mee t e at c.oin s or partit:74-ons, a Zh�q be, �fram' ed,`s6lid so il 0 an'' 'dxtend' frorii' ='e- In tb G� sha c ive., y r o am:, t 0 a not la Ali e v:!:o r aftd-� i-.,iain�.qro' s3s".-,,st q`r� -1 lj�- be an'd i thdr oughly x�_e: joc ItiQh6 t e a n,- 'braoe t at -T ng p i mb'�'hr heil-ti-11g, or q- her _01_�' p� _flitiQns: ebh, tA -b 0;.$p hall, e so, f rartle ts- -L r Ae .-j ols in e n6 th I d th 6.ce& j­ pi i a Pe -n a in ng suo e i n g R 0-per. p VI ..are c h pipi ng. IV ,he, -s h� 'part'ti runs ,,-Ioa-ripll QIV to",the--�_:f I o b ist6 ex --:�,th uc i on ; v­.qh� all `�bb' ,dc7libled, -and _'bpace-d..to iDerjAit- the �nass'a,,,e-t,of; ts-ach- pipes an s a s , are br I d-ing. � t�� ;A I - , be br idge c�- �dth�'s ol Id Je,.:�P _mbin�, Iqeatih or dther P pe in or� 1-1 a, P!�.r - t' ti-o ne e 2., -bl,,-�ced -GuAting 'of th,& soles r 1 16 t" o `p a, esl, ,* a t -a n one -�I J -ich ck and',' 0 ss ha 11 0 IIIS riet , b i ,,-ln� � J� 8 thi �f st d 't 'd :to and 'one"half aho s iii:de.' shall,','�b a One 6 the plate across ,.'an s icl-e- of -the op'e'A�148-s w,ith: ndt-:�Aezg 'thai�i.,fbiir' �,(4),.`s,'-ixteen_ hal g 'rt,i 1 o As nd vi r Y;ie d-'��, inC t t" a-1-16, s Ila 11 be:.f a Open s ih.'st,ud,' p!i7,", around.-with�. d-oubl-e stt�d8 at' .e'dch �.-side-r.. an6­'fvAIbI a' h' e he�, ders- aarbs t� e WL t Or- 8,ha 11 be pI ac'ed r 6 s t,a nrp or-, the shor t'qd':-at' Ito-, The �&;mble,�-- ­,e on d-, aall'',,b-O�-:1 r1i:E�&ed'abov feet t in �Vii 1, Cu , ZIUM Y 6 -tiibr 6: thdn�. two. 21 h) VI or I a?aming, shal I �61, -a ce, d not less ood, lath, f Irma-any n o' thantwo �Chimne f 'or U1. inch Y 0 S,� r a f b ace:, pa C (I ne, rte w6bd, -Pti. ions itLl I raas­01IW7�w.alls, jo the stud� . uttinG, the. ma- 8;,-.m.ry be, doubletd -'a-iia i _,:�ed :,I_ i�e. t2lasaftry- witla �4Lbu eP 0 0 I-Ai Y V Th e n d of' 1 �.11 e a L"'t t t I a to-- d ' s-tuds 'and-:t:b plate' -on jr-as:onry, W��11 in-'�Ln. a pj Dr ov e d 'Yn�_nne _n A -R sh riot '-s.66-tion 41�17.�-_:. ROpFIIFR!U,_I.XG ; � m er8 all e A.11.) d,-f J --e!"ghtha b f e and oille�-hals, (l 5/ X: le-sS an ozie: an: �Iv 2 -ig -shall .have o,.o sheathii lainim a .thi6lcAe of twenty-7fl-0 . th t y gr of, an,,dr-04' -and ooved.,- A. .. ....�b,y�'- fo ur, (jl x4 11. A to be �n, o :Stri to i- .- one" -than. e I th e,,,,-_ d: i hti J,8) dhbs: ,:On e nt a nt�, led wi - a not Tl 111 .1 t o e an, enny 4a a. a c -supportinp- fter. :(b) Fl&,sh.in8:,I,':s,hqll �b 1 r o, pen ' i p a.c-od a d- o ing, ec 1�. _p�: n -sions ol' Y,18 c ha ni,6�, ar. eqnces' _Qr iui, i6nt. tI the roof f; --ters :shaiX oo� 1) 1 o 71s�t s and r,-f c) _uicho:p- b I r Ov, ded',*h6ro j--It er,MOLS onry, Via- W. d the�-- are prallel to. ary",IV.- , 01 .-ey o ,er 6` nd where th 9 t n 1 a teb .9.9_J� t 0 _,.ey re, f r c POcilied 0 Jo's s 3'' Bi 146._ n e* t Lot th nbtz, ics:6 an -sIX A s shall be re Q11-11're'd (d) - :Parap&t;s.;. rUICII of, on, 6xter Type'�I I const, timi, whor e. -th Hflat-d& ti, ck- "type, Of f Ln is,' naec ; provide' d, Nver, "that the pev'appt tia be oluitte-d roof fram., owe Y L on one end,--t-b. -Provide pro-per roof_dr*sFInage_­�as s pe oI fj:o d i on: B-22a,i: 4"It ' en _th 1 in n: Secti a-Y.Id- ria y b e om it e d, _�iih ln­fi�ro 1( e - i:r is fqore_'.� h� 5) feet :from 7the mo -n ten- (.1 )-. f e build Op6 t :I- , 0-,Q IAI _Prbil"� Pr r, Y � _2_ne� .0'r" ro tIM Ings on. the. S ame 10 t Parapot_fdv :44son�ry exterlor ,walls, is'-s-poelfi ed','In Sedtibns� R-UR, �and �2 An 'air., space-6f n -t'h-o-n 6 i 91 me, 0 itepn,, (18) , inches 't ur�e d 101s 'to t e' 'b 0 t t-om -o f the roof, mften,shal' fr,pm�:the. '�&p 6f�'tho_::ae in& h ' to provide en I la- bq,�'.required- oii 'the .11fl, - f YP9 r.0 01 const,rUction., v one _'TA�LS TRUS;$E 8 Iffood trusses t,_�1 1 Seetion.. -1 ,and ltrus�t framing shall 4-hav�6i-a-11 6,6 0,-1 atz''A nrately out and -,f itte a : together so�that each b"a .:Lp to the, full 'b All e- ring i g4 ep SU P Ope oh trusses 'shall. be,­ r rly.. slecvred.­ in,-Place �bo lateral. b­r� - -n' g, q,oi 'dica: propert, e eq uraber used in Wood, trttud&s'�,�shalI, havo� ph' L Y : ,to 'Yei �ei Iat_y-f iv,e tteir Heart Lona Leaf 3, 1) br b 6n-t P -th r -I Pine 4 W043 Oro-''.of t- fz;i z o to- dist, 6 Vf AUJ Ticien u 0: the lbado "or me a � members . - Bef-bre. in',�6p at i om v th :r6d's t' "I prbDer17 :shall bb u6dc 0 0 s 'ji, tigiitex'i6d* we russ , is 9 a d e "the -teniOi h �r s _�Llj­be 7 'be s --shg 'ana ibrod to. the rw a. (0Y Titbev`� tr" u ses at". oin_'Us Section B-I P 149. r�ni2 S-T J'L e ire ps shall b pr 0., flo a- so tions' of��inte'rib or malls ivitb:_. orsj'. v1ded Ot, 11. inter 6 q, �,or,i 6 ob A.n, z nch�"a m-,�inn6r - a �fe:ctive y� cu of f. cor 11 Is P, t &f unicatiOn" f ire �h'rough hQj 11 pr low -con oth v rt1d nd eV&A e al and hp ' 6ntai d-rd f to I shallill� t 'fire:, S OPT f 1 b Or G on it7i ae, -jund, struct� -f ird s t oppe q: t ie e t III #the: Jois s. ons sha 11, ave, a,. q o nti u 'W nv P OUS rr ne W. 1, a P om�p e e and 6 ff 6 6t iv* 'of 'bridging or--fl,r­ - ' _ "' - - hich -shall''±O ow. Ir e 8 topI ti6n .at -the Point separation in 'the 'entl-r h , -a A n such'' , a I-manner that' the r 0.- ohal I bi rI_0_ onoealed 'air 8 t r.�--than�.96ven pa.po igrea'� �O (7) feet.An. aty' d 14in shall -be the �full w d th I of,.:t he - 6nalon Avi . 'sti;C & 'and suT- ficiefttly-t to �_ac tr ddi in L t.eral bra lrin� C. or the� ind -ads dual st ,S t- a ir str.ihj�-ers, shall :b&'�'f`:rj;,e t -7,s opped, at' least once in; c 0 1;�i,be­',f stdl� d by' a h6%ader :, the:'mil Iafe pbrtj f .each I I=' PMCL� beam at.� th-io, 2,10bott"ollil' _sI*0 As cat 't 1-)6 pas s -0 5�.a V, age f . fi dtj! � :fira� blockine-,shal' b e ple 66&�_'O­qtwe e n%'s:t uds a 1 on n run ��'of s r - -ad, ildh peqr_�-I t g line wit'l t id s joi i - - , , L- ininG, 'Vilhen-, sliding, do or L I�Oted I vartit'i R. 41re, pora A OnS �s,U c po e a ',Cohipletel� fire stoPped I 6k to sh li� be' 0,nd-- ides t - and. bottom*, OP betw-ee' I spates n, cidnti,167* and-wood framing shall,,be _mb ar - oose. ainders, o ti. '-` -il - sollaly ,filled wl-th'r.eft-L60. r1lort. "1 .0 lo�r t i b1le, material. placed- in ,incoi�ibuStible su, rt (C as. r4e�quifed ,-*in th i s Se ct,'Ion, S IhIa 11 �be not less than o a fid ies a thiCl. n 6/8) 'incl i, th and .not. iaj i§P66,0 WJI thin., the� �par i�I.on '-exice`pt, as less in width tha th"; t n 0.�, ei Pro vided I-h paragr ph �(f)-� :h of for. chirime" e Yo ' 'Section B-150 1,101 TMxIIT.X �OVT. TOITS -Building vei the ' Ins-poc 'or, 'h' s khovil ed,:,-e of the existence of termiteo in an ing, or stru 7 build,I ctul _o*&L 4 ' 'and shal have -the power it i s his, duty to notify, -he tenant, the a C,,_e nt,, or,.-ow.ner, of: such buildin,- or stmicture' In vrPiting to take the Aecessar�f maasures for the exteri-aination of tori-iites .from any such building or' structure within a reasonable length of time, not .to exceed. sixty. (60) days . [-'4-1iy tenant, a',-ent or owner failing to comply with such notice shail .be deemed guilty of violating the provisions, of this Olrdinanc. e and shall be subject to all the 'penaltid.s provided herein. ted all sturaw and (a),,' Before a ny new buildIng ,'is epee tree 'roots shall' ,be: removed .from the-. 66il ' to a de-Oth of at least twelve (12) 'inches 'below -the surface of the ��ground in- the area to be occupied.. by the building -d.� --posts supporting (b) The exterior wall:s of, and all- woo girders-.-inl�-,wood Praij.ie "buildaip.­6, shall , be,- placed on concrete foundation walls or piers .' (c) The top of every, concrete -foundation, vial! or pier which supports "and is in— conuact, with Ivood coh, 'truction of any I�cirlid shall a, u not 'less* .-than ix nches b the- f ina -rade"'level of finidhed a. ove ''Surface of any land �L d j a c e-nt- thereto (excepip '-as provided in the -case j gro o f slabs') Concrete foundation walls shall in.all- cases extend at least as hig-Ti as the top of ally 9. djacent concrete or masonry slab which is supported by either natlairnl Croundor earth fill. U (d) CQ�I-if IIMj]- . Floor: joists shall, have a. clearance of riot less than twenty (20) inches between the bottom of the joists and � the zurfcace of the -ground-underneath. The gr -underneath shall be ound leveled or smoothecl off so as to maintain a reasonably even surface under the entire area covered by the .floor, joists, - (e) . tIOOD 31ILSe 411 wood sills in, contact with ro-aso--alry or concrete shall be isolated. -frora, such masonry or concrete with dighty- five (85) pound slate c6vered, roofing or twenty-four J24) gauge galvan- ized- iron or other a!p-prov' ed 1,111a.terial (f IVOOD F-UMIN-G.- 411 wood furring in contact with ma I s onry': also all wood founda,tion screen. vents shall be treated f our sides with approved, preservative, M ti, -per itted in (g) TI U OF, LULIBB Ix -ber �m the . foregoing locations, excepting wood . trusses as specified prev.iously,, shall have physical properties at least eclual - t* o x!12 . crad6 Long Leaf Southern Yellow ne 12, 01-,�!L. grade -Tidewater Red Cyj ess or �Ij42 grade Douglas Fir' and shall be treated with apDroved loreservatives by any, method that will impregnate the woods Brush treatment is approyed if the preservative lased is equal to Unadulterated 1�efined Creosot­e�. Brush treatment 'at the . job - is, required on end cuts and, all other' cuts in .timber treated' :az specified above, (h).' _Wood posts or columns shall - not.­bxtend through or be placed directly on concrete floors all be sup-i",orted on concrete 0 They sh, float.ings extending at least. twb (2) i-riches above the finished floor or may be placed on a rorrosion-resist Ing metal- plate. at I least one �th,irty- second-, (1/32) of. an� inch thick and not smaller 'than the base of post. of coltunn. M Whe' r e timbers e .tend into La masonry wa 11 a t a point below, the- ,,level of the Ci-ound. outside of* the wall., i-aetal wall boxes -shall be . provided on the end and all surfaces. of ,��the timber within one . (l)- foot iof the , end. shall be. painted with at -least two' (2) coats of Unadulterated Refined Cre,osote or other approved wood preservatives . 1,70-01IDiAT-1011 VEITT6. All wood forms which have been used 'i--ri plao,ing :concrete,, if with)in the Cround or less than eiL?hteen (18) ' inches above the -rounc9 shall be removed before a building is occupied or -naed for' any purposes. Tops of footings shall be at a level with "the surface of the -grade. (k) Loose or cas-ual wood 'shall not be stored in direct contact with the- ground under any buildin&-:, ancl this space miist be thoroughly cleaned of all blocks of -debris . wood and other T_,:�,BLE I J7 B-j,�R ALLOWABLE UNIT STRB4SS1CJ-S FOR "STRUCTURAL LUMMER11 I'M T ALL SIZES DRY LOCATION ALLOW.LBLE- UNIT STRIMES FOP., 11JUEBER z1WD TIMBER . Allowable Unit Stress.es in lbs. per sq.in ka) for Joists or Planks beams and Stringers Extreme lkaximum 'Compression Mlodulus Str,ess-grade and Species ,Equivaient, Commercial Grade,Rules under which graded,Fiber in'Horizontal 'Perpendicu- of lBending ..Shear lar to Gr. Elasticity 1000#f Western Red Cedar tStructural t-Jest Coast Lumbermens 11000 , 100 200 1000000 1,400#f Tidewater Red Cypress ' 1400#f Tidewater Rd.Cyprese'Southern Cypress 11400, 120) 300 f 120000-0 1100y-if Tidewater Red Cypress ' 1100#f Tidewater, Rd.Cy-pressli,,Ianufacturers Assn. 11100. 1 100) 1800,4if Dense Doug Fir-Cst.heg.Dense Select Structural ___r1_,iest Coast Lumbermen—s 11800 '0 I I . I 3aO 160offf Close Gr.Kuglas Fir- `is s n (Coast. Region) 'Select Structural 11600 1 100 345 1600000 12 0 OAt' f Douglas Fir-Coas.t heg. tN6., 1 Dimension JD 200b t 100 325 1800jif Dense Doug._Fir-1n.Bmp. 1Select Structura ' 1800 1600000 1600"f 01.Gr. It it � il- Ist 120 380 ructural I estern Pine i�ssn. 11600 1 80 1 335) .1 1200W' f Douglas' Fir-Inland ' " 'Common Structural 1� 1200 1 80 1 315) 1 1500000 1100h1f Eastern Hemlock 'Select Structural , ,, 'Northern Hemlock & f Hardwood NfE. &.ssn, 11100 1 70 300 1 1100000 1045-4':f 'U'est Coast Hamlock- 'No. 1 Dimension 171est Coast Lumbermens 1 100 , 300 1400000 l80U-,i'-f Dense Larch 'Select Structural, ,-- 11800 1 120 380) 1600#f Close Gr. Larch 'Structural "fie 1200ii,f Larch 'Common structural-- stern Pine Assn. 11600 1 100 345) 1�300000 . 1121 10 0 100 1 325) 140Ult7f Oak 'Select Dimension Motional Hardwoo� 11450 1 120) 1 1100�f Oak 'Common Dimension ' Lumber i"Lssn. 11100 1 100) 1 500 1 1500000 200QWf Dnse.Lnglf.,1jouth.Pine . 1Select Structural 12000 1 120) 18001f 'Prime .Str'uctural 'Southern Pine �,Lssn. f1800 120) 1600, f 'IMerchahtable Structural 1 11600 120) 1 380 1 1600000 1600�f 4 It 18truct.Sq.Edge & Sound 1 11600 120) 1 1400;-j,f 'No. 1 Structural 11400 1 100) 1 20OOfff Dnse.Shrtlf.South.?ine1Dpnse Select Structural - I I I---- 1800if 12000 0� I fDense Structural 11800 120 16007#f 1Dns.Str.Sq.Edge & Sound fSouthern. Pine A I ssn, .11600 11 1. l2bOjyf it 4 1 120) 380 1 1600000 'Dense No. 1 Structural 11200 1 JOW I 160044f Close Grained Redwood 11605, f 01. Gr. Redwood `11600 f 80) i 1400�ipf 11400,�,"f 11 #1 11 ornia Redwood Assn. '-1400 1 80) 1 267 1 1200000 1200�;�f 112M,'t�f 11200 70) (a) For stresses in ression parallel to grain, see following table lll._ (b) With slope of grain not more than 1 In 10. ! .I -, � 1. I . .� I �. . - - � I ". � I . .� .� � . . . , -- - �. I �:, .'%.�*. . _ I � � I I .I I 11 I ", . i . ,. . _. , � I- I I - �� , . ­.,�.��:, . I , - I 2 I I I . , . �� ',-��. . " .11�­�1. i r, � 'Ili , � . __�' ''I I I. , � :i�'�',' - :1 I;,, , - I � . ���,-." - . : .I . , , - - '', ��,l�:- ­� -� , ,. -i A, -1 . � - - � - I� - .:� 1� , __,�, -,I ����,I Z:I 1�,I I I I I , � �` _. � I I.1. , - I � , � �i i I� - �I I - : .I I. __ I -I 1. � �, ;, .I, � .,�,,"I�I , -�. I I . � .1 - , -.- �I- � � - ". % .,,_1*. �,� , �. r I. I I I ..�� � � ,�.":; I I " I -,..I "-.: �. : , .: - .�,1,.. . �� ., . :1 I .� � I, I � . :..- . , ,. ,, I I . ".,�,� � I . 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MEMBERS Allowable Unit stresses in Compression parallel to grain (columns) TABLE III' (c) in pounds .per so. in. of net cross-sectional area, for ratios of length-to-4east dimension (Z/D) equalling. bnort I Equivalent CommeTeialf Rules under '04hich ' column f I I f Stress-grade and Species I Grade I Graded IZ/d 11 IZ/d 14t.Z/d 17: Z/d 20'Z/d 231 0- 1 P' t t 01, 1 o. f t lor lessf I f f M f CA I CA 1 4-1- 1 M M 0 C31 1 of 0 t lest Coast Lumber- ,Structural. . . . . . . wen1s 1-issn. .. . . . . . 1 800 1 762 1 716 1 638 1 519 14051.304, 223, 170ilOg 800 #c Western Red Ceder. . . . . . . . 1200 #c Tidewater Red Cypress. ..,-.. tl200#c T.Rea' Cypress. . 'Southern Cypress 1200 1 M-0-1 1003) v,, 823 t I 1000 7're Tidewater Red Cypress. . . . 11OOO#c T. Red Cypress. t MfZ. ,Assn. . . . . . . . 1 1000 1 947 1 885) 1 780 1 622 148613651,2681,2061,132 , 1300 #c Dense Douglas Fir I I T I I I t I I I 1 (Coast Region.) . . . . . . . . .. .JDense Select Structurl' 1 1300 1 1235 1 1158 1 1030 1 826) 1 1 1 1 1200 11"c C1.Gr.Doug.Fir-' Coast Reg,. ' Select Structural . . . . . 'West Coast Lumber- 1 1200 1 1148 t 1088 t 988 f 828 1649148713581 'c"7411 1100 #c Douglas Fir-Coast Region 'No. 1 T:Lmbers. . . . . . . * . I ments Assn. . . . . . . 1 1100 t 1060 ' 1015 1 937 1 8M 1 1 A � 1 I . 880 #c Douglas Fir-Coast Region 'No. 1 Dimension. . . . . . . I t 880 1 2860 , 1 837 796 1 705) f I I I I 1300 We Dense Douglas Fir I � �I - 1 1 1. 1 1 1 T I I F (Inland Lmpire) ... . . . . . . 'Select Structural. . . .. . 1 1 1300 1 1235 1 1156 1 1030 1 828 f6491487135812,741175 1200 #c Cl.Gr.Doug.Fir�-In. Lmp . . 'Structural. . . . . . . . . . . tWestern Pine Assn. . ' 1200 1 1132 1 1074 1 959 t 776) 1100 h'c Douglas Fir-Inland Empire to ommon Structural . . 91 1100 1 105& 1 1013 1 914 1 774) 1608145713W:�571164 'No. H1 ehal o c k :j.nd 700 ye Eastern Hemlock. . . . . . . . . . lSele,et I Strue tural. . . . . Hardwood Mfg, 700 1 678 1 653 1 611 1 554 144613351246 11881121 _T_ a 4., ,720 c West Co st Hemlock. . 1146 1 Dimension. . . . . . . 'West.0st.Lum. ' ssn. . ' 720 756 688 1 660 1 61.5 1549!-44813 312401153 1300 #c Dense Larch. . . . 'Select Structural . . . . Of 1. � 1 1900 1202 1087 1 895) 14 1 1 1 It . I � 12004c Close Gr. , Larch. . . * 0 : . 'Structural. . . "Western Pine Lssn. . ' 1200 1122 1032 . 1 877) 1 673 1527139612911223,142 1100 #c Larch. . . . . . . . e . . . .o : : . . tComrion Struct�;a* i: : : ',,**, 1 1 1100 1 1041 f 970 1 851) 1 ' t I I 1100 #c Oak. . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , 'Select. Dimension. . ... . 011iationaI Flardil,,00d 1 1100 1 1055 lOUF1 914 ; 774� 16081457 367612B71164 1000 ,#0 Oak. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . ..o . . . . . tCommon Dimension. . . . . I Lumber' .issn, . . . . ..1 1000 1 967 927 1 860 755 1 1_ � I . t 1 . 1400 #c �.Dns.Longlf.Southn. .1-ina. . 'Select Structural. . ... . 1 1 1400 1319 1224 1 1064 -r 828 1 1 1 1 1 1300 #C � 11 . . ?Prime Structural. . .. . . . ' 1 1300 1235 1158 1 1030 1 528) 164914871356127411 1200 #c it .,. , IMerchantable Struct. . . 'So. Pine. Lssn. . . . . . lJO0 1148 1088 1 988 828 1 1200 iic & 1000 �c : . INo. 1 Structural . . . . .'. 1 1000 1 971 936 878 786 1400 do Dnt.Shrtlf.-Oouthrn.Pine. . 'Dense Select Structrl.. t 1400 1319 1224" ' 1064 828) 130G #c at , IDense Struc I tu I ral . , . 4'. .. tSo. Pine Lssn. . . . o . ! 1,300 1235 1158 1 1030 82fl 1649"487135812741175 I I I 1200, #c 11 . . tDns.Str.Sq.,1dge & Sd. t 1 1200 1148 1088 1 988 828 1 gob #c Dns.No. I .Structural. . t- 900 878 853 1 810 742 1 1200 #c Close Gr. Redw-ood. .:. . . . . 110004je Cl.Gr.Redwood. . ' 1200 1 11 1003 82'4N ' 1100 #c Clase Gr. Redwood. . . . . . . . . 1100#`c C1-Gr-Re&v,,00d, . 1Californ1a 1100 1 1030 1 948 t 610) 1 622 14861365126812061132 1000 #c Close Gr. Redwood.-. . . .. . 11000-ih Cl.Gr.Redwood. . .' 1000 1 947 1,1 885 1 780) 1 For stresses other than compression parallel to grain, see Tabfe No. 1. NOTE: Values for Z/D ratio exceeding 11 were computed using the Forest Products L:t,,.boratory fourth-power-parabolic-Buler f-opmula. ARTICLE 18 REINFORCED CONCRETE (Quality -and' Design) Section B-151. SCOPE. (a) These r agulations cover the use of reinforced concrete in' any structure 'to. be e'reeted under the provisions of .this building codet, of which they form a part. They are, intended to supplement the general provisions.-of, the . code in order to provide for the proper design. and construction of structures of this material. - In all matters pertaining to the L�design and eonstruction -where these specific regulations are in conflict with- other provisions of. the .eode,., these' regul- ations shall govern. , (b) BASIC PRINCIPLES: The; following Is hereby adopted as' part of. this code: A building permit shall not be Issued until the structural reinforced concrete design is in accordance with,,the, m-Inimum requirements ,,.of this ordinance, the statute,s .of the State-,.:of Floridej rulep ,of the. Florida Hotel Commission and unless it is in conformity with the approved method of reinforced concrete construction for safety to_:� Iife�and property. in �In the�`­- The Building Regulations for einforeed Concrete as laid d, j o.int Report of Comnnit�ee E-1 o: f the :American Cone rate"Institui.e. ah& the Reinforeing. Steel Institute and adopte d- as tentative -standard by the 'American Concrete Institute Feb. 29.j 1928- and adopted as tentative standard by the Reinforcing Steel Institute March 19, 1928., and such othar subsequent standards approved by the American Concrete Institute and/or the Reinforcing Steel Institute shall be prima facie evidence of such, approved methods. SectionEL52. PERMITS AND DRLWIN'GS. (a) Drawings 'and typical details of all reinforeed-conerete construction showing the siies and position of all structural members, metal reinforcement.,, andthe live-load used in the design shall be filed with the department as a permanent record' befbr,e a permit to construct such work .shall be issued. All calculations made may be required by the department to be submitted with the drawings. Se tion B-153. SPECIAL SySTEMs1OF REINFORCED CONCRETE9 -(a) The � 0 rate which has been In successful sponsors of any system of reinforced pone use, or the adequacy of -whieh has been shown by test, and the design of which is- either in- conflict with these provisionSor not 11 covered by the4iq shall have the right to resent the data on which their designs is, based to ItO a the power to investtgate"� a "Board of Arbitration. Board shall hav the data so submitted and to formulate .rulings governing the design and construetion. of such systems, which ruling shall be. of the same force and effect as the provisions Of I this code., This Board- is- to be designated as provided elsewhere in the code. Section B-154, MATERIALS AND. TESTS. (.a) -. The tests ,e'all.ed forin these regulations when ordered in- accordance with the provisions of this at-tiele by the Building Inspector -.I or his' auth6rized representative s shall be arranged for by the owner I or hls � repretentative, No .-respon- sibility for� the expense of .these tests shall attach to the Department rof Building. Such tests shall be made in accords,.nee with the standard' method, of test a. r c -side ation,, of the American covering the particul r material unde on r Society for Testing Materials in affect on. the date of the adoption of these regulations* except at noted herein. epresentat (b) The Buildingjnspect-or Orhis- au'thorized r ive shall aronable .�tests of the concrete from time :to have the right to require rea ' terials and -methods in useare .such time to determine whether the ma y. Spec iMens for such tests as to produce concrete of the necessary qualit Ited 11, be taken at the plaee, where concrete is being depos . and shall slid ei ith the "Standard Method of r ' be taken, cured and tested In ae ordance w C .39-27) of the Making Gompression- Tests. ,of Concrete" ' (Serial Designation: , American Society for Testing Materials* Section I B-155..- INSPECTION.'_� (A) All eonerete ,work shall be inspected ible for Its design or by a competent by the lirehiteet or Engineer respons hite t or the Engineer.' A record , shall representative responiible to the Are e . Ich-._sj- r the, quanti.ty 'and. quality of be kept of such ins-pection .'wh mill ,cove concrete materials, Including water, the mixing. and placing of the �qoneretej, and the placing of the reinforcing steel. These records shall be available for inspection by the Building Inspector' at all times during the progress of the work and shall be preserved for two (2) years after the acceptance of the structure. Section B-156. PORTLAND CEMENT. (a) Portland Cement shall conform to the "Standard Specifications and Tests 'for Portland Cement" (Serial Designations: C9-30) of theAmerican Society for Testing Materials* Section B-157. CONCRETE LGOREGATES. (a) Concrete aggregates shall consist of natural sands and�.gravelsj, crushed rocks, crushed aircooled blast-furnace slags or other inert materials having clean, uncoated krain of strong and durable minerals. Aggregates containing soft, friable, thin, flaky, elongated or laminated particles totaling more than 3 per cent, or containing shale in excess of I-L per cent, or silt ,and crusher dust finer 2 than No. 100 standard sieve in excess of 2 per cent shall not be used, These percentages shall be based on the weight of - the combined aggregate as used in the concrete. When all three groups of these deleterious materials are present in the aggregates, the combined amounts shall not exceed five (5) per cent by weight of the combined aggregate. (b) Aggregates shall not contain strong alkali or organic material which gives a color darker than the standard color when tested in accordance w I Ith the Standard Method of Test for Organic Impurities In Sands for Concrete" (Serial Designations: C 40-27) Of the American S I oeiety for 'Testing Materials. (c) The maximum size of the aggregate shall be not larger than one-fifth of the narrowest dimension between forms of the member for which the concrete is to be used nor larger than three-fourths, of the minimum clear spacing between reinforcing bar's. By maximum size of aggregate is meant the clear space between the sides of the smallest* square opening. through which 95 per cent by weight of the material can be passed. Section B-l5B. _ WkTER- (a) Water used in mixing concrete shall be clean., and free from strong acids, alkalis, or organic materials. Section 159. METAL- REINFORCEMENT. (a) ' Metal reinforcement shall conform to the requirements of the "Standard Specification for Billet-Steel concrete Reinforcement Bars" of Intermediate Gradeq (Serial Des I gnation: A 15-35, or for "Rail-Steel Concrete Reinforcement Bars. ") (Serial Society' for Testing Materials. ) The Designation: A' 16-35 of the American ' provision in these specifications for:'machining deformed bars testing shall be eliminated. (b) Wire for concrete reinforcement shall co-nform to the requirements of the -"Standard sp6cjf,jcation8 for 'Cold-Drawn Steel Wirel.for Concrete Reinforcement. " JSerial Designation:' A, 82-34 of,- the American- SocietY for Testing Materials. (c) Structural steel shall conform to the requirements of the T'Standard Specifications for, Structural Steel for Buildings. " (Serial Designation: A9-24) of the American Society for Testing Materials. (d) Cast-iron sections for composite or combination columns shall n conform to . "Standard Specifications for Cast-Iron Pipe and. Special Casti gs" (Serial Designation: A 44-04) of the American Society for Testing Materials. Section B-100--. STORAGE OF MLTERIkLS. (a) Cement and aggregate shall be stored at the work in a manner to prevent deterioration or the intrusion of foreign matter. Any material which has deteriorated or has been. damaged shall be immediately and completely removed from the work. Section B-ltll. CONCRETE QULITY. (a) The working stresses for the design of reinforced concrete structures shall be based upon the minimum ultimate' 28-day strength of the concrete .to be used in the structure in accordance with the values give in Section, B-ImAll plans submitted for approvalon the work shall clearly show the strength of concrete for which all parts of the structures .were ,designed' The strength of concrete shall be fixed in terms of the water-eement ratio in accordance with one of the following methods: (1) By established results for average materialss as provided in Section, B-162o (2) By speci.fie test ,of' materials for' the, s,true*tur_ ,es, ,a8 provided.in Section BrlG3v (b) By' the water-aement ratio is meant, the total quantity of water entering the mixture including the surface water carried L by ,th6 aggregate., expressed.. in terms of the quality ,.of: cement. The water-eement ratio shall be express in U. S. gallons per, sack (94 lbs. ) of cement. , "'.-�T RUTIO FOR �V\T.-,:�'11LAJ N- ) �Jhere Section B-162., no tests of the --i-dat�,,rials to be USOCILLare madc., �.thl� w_,:,.t e c e e n t ratio shall not excer:;d the values in the .followiliS table. The mixes shown in the tables are ap­,roXij�,iate only, and�may reci-L--ire adjust-,aent to r,,p i v,e proper worhability.. L�S 3'0-j'7 R IED ST' 0,11-1 cc,_2_lcl pproxi.aate , Li VOlU.j_jje Of dater-Ce-�aent Fortlan(3 Cement -to Suz of Rat-Jo U. S. Separate of 'fine &s s d Co2:,vDressive L-allons per �A-lb. and coarsse . &-Sra3ate as Stvezirth at -28 days in 2ac1L_s of cellent -Ileasvred. Dry -,pozuicls 1�)Cr square inch P:tj],6 111 C 0 OITCRE TE L9 1�500 23,000 ,�'L 72 5/4 1 57- 2 11 1 V500 6 3,P000 IdODI�R�'�ULY �11,,'T 0014CKSTE, 1.,500 7� 1 -5 2 000 2 e 2' 6 3/0, 1 4 OV4 6 1.4 3,x�000 !,Tote : In interpret-1 ng this table., suriface viater contained in the a�ZL-z,eCate must .be included as part of -the .,,yaixins water in coi.ipiating the w a t e,r-c,e i ae nt ra t o See Section B-165, for lvlix. S of t, (b)- DvrinT� the' proGres 111s Worl-, a .reasonable nUll-iiber of com- i-ression tests shal1 be -1 ric,d e a s I'M y be required by the-, 1'n s p e ct-o r 7 Out at least one s ested for, each 100 cu. yd. of concrete pecimen shall be t bein,_ placed. The tests shall �be made -in acqordanCe with P? OViSiOnS Of Sectilon D-164. Sbuld the averagre, 28-,CLay btreiisth fl-111 below the ulti--late strenCth called for, oil the, jolai-Isj, the Building Ins-pector shall have the riE�ht to require a load test under t-�-ie provisions of Section B-154. 6ectio-_a B-1630 ',.1.LTFR,CE_111Me1qT RATIO BY OF (a) the via ter-cement re�ti,os , f or - the various , 9tren gthp of concrete are to be establisheCt by test these ,tests s'hal1-­be ti-.,iade�,in­advmace of the belf�-inninrr of . operatio-as usin,,­ the Liaterials pr oposed and consiste--icies suitable, for .the worl. and accordance with the "Standard of Co,,1prossion TeSts- of, Concrete" (Serial Designation.- C' 39-27) of the 1-��-,ieriqan, 3ociety 'for Testu-L-iL i,,laterials Aacludi�_ " - he provisi- oi-is for "�--ati&ist r6mm at 70 de-L. Fe- and t-e.,�tin- wat Qr�rve reprc;so�nt-'_ tlae�ralat ion'between the 8hLall be .018-d'ay stren�-Lth oz tiie .concrete a 11CL wa t er�_'o e-1 file nt ratio ' established for a re.n­e of values including all of the strencthscalled for, LD in the T)lans . The tests shall iliclude at least four dif�:'erent water-ce"Ilent n eac-11- water-ce:-ie.-Lit ratio. The water- ratios Lid at least f-o-Lir specime s for ce-'l-clit ratio to be usec! in t.L-.e structi-ire slhiall be th..t aorrespondinG to a point on the curve establishec! by these tests -represent-in- a stren t1i of concrete 15 'oea� cent higher than the ultimeate��stren' ,Sth called for on the f_1ans and- satisfactory evidence shalL be sub-imitted- to show. that these watbr-c:embnt ratios are not exceeded. . No substitution shall. be made in the materials being used oil the work without additional tests in accor- dance herewith, to show the new water-ceinent ratios to be used. 1b) DuvIng the progress of the ,vior4, a reasonable .'nuyaber of additional 28-day compression tests n,a y- be r,e qu.ir ed by the Building Inspec-1, tor. -but at least one Soecimoii i'shall� be tested for eacti. 50 cubic yards. of concreto of -any oi-Le strenZ;th., and -not less than two s pe c:Ei6n'a - of _e a ch r e for any one day1soperation. Such tests �dl all be7 uren-th of conc et Ma do in accordance with the provisions of, Section -B-164. Should the,, avera-e stren�,,7-t118 of the control cylinders :shown by those tests for any portion of the Struct-Lwe ,fall. below the s'trengths called for on the 1:')1 a n s p th e I Building ,'Inspe.ctor shall have �the right, t6 order a. chan's-e in the mix- of t-Ile water-ceident., rati-os , for the rehia-inIng ,portion of the structure and. to reqi-,,ire load tests as , specif led- -,in Section B-154- on the portions,lof the buildin3 af f ected,, Should �the averaSe strenc,," ths shown by the cylinders cured.,-Q.-n- the 'job and tested subseqtiont to 23- clays - fall below 'the require(fl st,re-_n_,,,Ah,,. the. Bui;ding Inspector shall have Itibi the rifnt to. requIre cond-I asw of tem-peracture and. moistui-e neces.sary to r seci?re the req��ii qd s'-Clronf,�,th. _�'TCrt3T E' - of Section 37164* ZO LD :TESTS OF (a,) i el C, tests concrete -ie n d shall 'be made -in' accord,-mce V; U.a "Stand-i�d ,: vil requ.-re .., s! 7 I'_6 26 "D LL 01, Cor.1-Dression Tests: of Conarete."t - (Seria)l Desisnation; C -39-33 of the I olricaa Society :for, -Testing "Idaterials) with, the following, Two' sets of saLipl ps of 6oncrete f or. t e z t. "s pe 6 Lue ns. shall be tal-,Cen .as. the cohere.t.a .,is beinkD del a t the 'po int o�L-' de-posit'. �.r 0 be i n r�- tahren ,to obtain a sample ropresentLtlive of 'th - entire b-tch .(2) One 8et . desi!­nated- as control cylinder' s s ho.11 be' ­la6ed und�-,r hours after, moist curin Conditiolas . at lap,,roz�iaa.-.tely deSIA F. within 24 1 '11,16110--fl-1-ii-, and therein- until'. tostod- The_ :second: s-et desic-Inated. aa job.. cyli ders': 'shall be kept as near to the point of m�(qalin' g a's possible and yet receive the s a-_,ae pro�- i . - . � d., - -ri -u i frolm the as S- g:Lv n to the portions a �st ict ire toctioi el�eae ntp of th �o i'�iza&as shall be,�,kept, f V- ra injury while on the work. be in�: �)laced I-) The shall be t6' t.Lae labortator-y not� 17 ',or e L thaA 7 clays prior to the tiiiie of -t q,s t' and while-- in the laboratory shall be I:e�)t in the ordi--nary air a t a t 0 1 D e r a t u r a of apj,-roxizia.tely'70 deg., p -,Jm hit,i 3 'b ac a proper], - lified spec—ens, 0 11C le by y qua erson or testing laboratory, who shall furnish the Building Insppcto with a report, certified :in'* the, T)r-esence- of amotary publi6., showing the j?ct-alts .-,of tests, and -,statin� that-, they-.� �,,accordance with the , r 0 V i�5i, ons of this dode'., % Section B-1650, C.0,HCRETE ��PIIIOPORTIOIIS I�J\TD� 001,011 STENCY. (a) The _ proportions of aggregates to c ment for concrete ,of any water-ce--ment q e ratio shall be- svi.ch �s.s to produce concrete that will vvorlz readily �into the corners and of ,the foria 'a.nd a r o und, the- reinforcement -without excess-i've puddl.InC; or spading sa-rld. without pel?mitting the �.-�aatel_��ials' to seorer-ate or free. mater to collect' on the: surface. The,, coribined I aggregate shall be - of suph .composition of sizes that Ylien separated by�the No. 4 standard sieve' aed� n -the sieve shall not .be less thm the weiCht retaii O.0 n one-third nor� n.ore than two-tIairds, of the- total' now. :shall the ''amount of coarse i,i'aterial be su.ch as to croduc,p harshmess in placin._r: or honeyaoiabing in the . struoturo. `Jlaen fory.is are reii-ioved, the faces and .�corners . of the ._embe_,,s shall show smooth a,nd,.aQund thro iout. I be (b) The raethods ' of rieasurins concrete materials shal- -,such, that the --roportibp, of I water to cement can be accurately controlled during the progress of tI-_�e_woriz and easily checked at any time by the Building Inspectbr or his . autl�orized representative. (c) CONCTMO 1,111X. � :For all concrete work not .'sulp-arvised by a designing engineer or approved :,by a testing laboratory, or vT]--)en :the methods of proportioning �the concrete in,,,yedientP., aare not subject to 02?eater J ldir -ispector accuracy, the minimi�m concrete civality recognized by the Bui I _ip,, L shall be 2000 Pounds strength proportioned as folloirs : One (1) ''cubic -foot or one (1) sack of cement two and on6,1.-Lalf .(22�) cubic feet of sand� as . specified in Section B-157 and four. 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I Deformed bars (u.) . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05f' 100 1 1251 150 c In Two-way footings :� I I Plain bars (u.) . e , * 0.03ft 60 1 751 90 Deformed bars (us) , , 0 a I o * .6 a 0*037,15Y 75 94f 112 (where special anchorage is provided C A (See Zection B-/GG) double these values in bond may be used*) Bearing: fe Vhere a concrete member has an area at least twice the area in bearing t (fc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 a 1 1 1 6261 750 Aaial compression: fe. 0.25f' 500 in col-Lmuls with. lateral ties (f,)'* 04225f" 450 563 675 In columns with continuous �pirals enclosing a circular coret* p = 0901 e - e 1300 0 l4fA 5,90 720 0.02 . 1300 f O:l8fT c 660 750 846 Ration of longitud- ( .0003 0 0 0 10 1300 + 0.22fol 740 1 8501 � 960 inal reinforcement 0004 66 0 0 f300 + 0 26f' 820 1 9501 1080 0*05 t30O _+ 0:30f9l 900 f 10501 .1200 0*06 1300 4 0,34f' 980 1 11501 1320 (Sprial reinforcement - nat to be less I - t than 2--the lonGitudinale I *Unit stress in spitally, reinfo reed columns [300 4 (0.10 4 4p) f Section B-167. Omitted* Sdetion B-168* ALLONABEE TJUIT STRESSES IN REINFORCEIVI-EFT, (a) The following unit stresses in reinforcing steel shall not be exceeded4 TENSION: Intermiediate grade billet steelle 0 a 0 a. (fs) = 207,000 lbsper sq* in4 Rail -steel bars (fl) = 20.,000 lb. I'leb reinforcement : (fv) = 16.,000 The Structural I steel shapes . . . . . . . .. . G (fs) 18.,�000 lb. Other steel reinforcement �50 per cent of the yield point stress, but not to exceed .*ve e e (fs) 200000 lb, U 11 C01UPRESSION: Bars nfe , it Structural Steel section in composite coiumons 152000 lb* tv 11 Cast, iron secti,on. in composite columns 90000 lb. IdIXING AND PLACING CONCIT-6,,TE. Section B"169* REMOVAL. OF WATER FRO!d 1-MCAVATION. (a) Water shall be removed: from excavations before concrete is deposited., unless otherwise directed by the Building Inspector* Any flow of water into the excavation shall be diverted thkough proper side drains to a. simip,, or be. removed by other approved methods which will avoid washing the , freshly. depositedleonerete, Water vent pipes and drains shall be filled by grouting or otherwise., after the concrete has thoroughly hardened. Section B-170� CLEkYIKG FOR11dS AND E04UIP!v!ElqT* (a) Before placing concreteo all equipment for mixing and transporting the concrete shall be cleaned, all debris and ice shall be removed from the places. to be. occupied by the concrete, forms shall be thoroughly wetted or oiled--rk and clay or cement tile that will be in contact with concrete sh,all be well drenched. Reinforcement shall be thoroughly cleaned of rust or other coatings. Section B-171. INSPECTION. (a) Concrete shall not be placed until the forms and reinforcement . have been inspected by the Archite' ctor Engineer reaponsible for the design or his authorized representative. Section B"172* 1,11XING. (a) The. concrete shall be mixed until there is .a uniform ditribution of the materials and the mass is uniform in color and homogeneous * The mixer shall be of such type as to insure . the maintaining of the correct proportions of theingredients* The mJ-Xing shall continue for at least one minute after all ingredients are in the AUxer Section B- 173 TRANSPORTING. (a)� Concrete shall be handled from the mixer to .the place of final deposit as rapidly as practicable by methods which will prevent the separation or loss of the ingredients. It shall be deposited as nearly as practicable in its finail- position to avoid rehandling or flowing. Under .no circumstances shall concrete that. has partially hardened,be deposited in the work. Section B-174 DESIGN OF FORMS& (a) Forms shall conform to the shape,, lines.. and dimensions of the member as called for on the plans* They shall be substantial .and sufficiently tight to prevent leakage of mortar; they shall be properly braced or tied together so as- to maintain position and shape and insure safety to workmen and passersby*, Temporary openings shall be provided where necessary to tacilitate cleaning and inspection immediately before depositing concrete. Section B-175. REMOVAL OF FORMS. (a) The removal of forms shall be carried out in such a-manner as to insure the-comnlete safety of the structure* Where the structure as a whole Is supportea on shores, re- r aovable floor forms, beams and girder sides, column and similar Vertical forms may be removed within 24 hourLS. , providing the concrete has hardened sufficiently, that it is not Injured. In no ease shall the supporting forms be disturbed until the concrete has hardened sufficiently to permit their removal with safety. Shoring shall not be removed until the member has acquired sufficient strength to support safely its weight and the load upon it, Section B-176* PLACING REINFORCEMENT. (a) Metal reinforcement shall be accurately placed aHd secured, and--shall be supported by concrete or metal ohairs , or spacers, or metal hangers. Section B-177, SPLICES AND OFFSETS IN REINFORCEMENT, (a) , In slabs, beams, and girders., splices of reinforcement shall ndt, �be made at points of maximum stress without the approval of the Building Inspector, Splices, where permitted, shall provide sufficient lap to transfer the stress between bars by bond and shear. - (b) Splices In column bars shall provide a lap ,of 24 diameters for deformed bars and 30 diameters for plain bars. (c) Where changes in the� ,Oross-sectlon of a column occur,0 the longitudinal bars shall be sloped for the full length 'of the 'column or offset in a region where lateral support is- afforded. Where offset., the ' slope of the indlined, portion from"the axis o f, the column shall not be more than 1 in 6i Section B. 17F4 PROTECTIVE COVERING OF CONCRETE. (a) At those surfaces of footings and oEher 'prineipal- structural members in which the concrete is deposited directly against ,the ground., metal reinforcement shall have a minimum covering of 3 inches of concrete. At other surfaces of concrete exposed to the ground or weather, metal reinforcement shall be protected by not less than 2 inches of concrete. 1 (b) In fire-resistivaconstruction, metal reinforcement shall be protected bT not less than 1 in, of concrete in slabs and walls,, and not less than 1-g in. in beams, girders and columns, provided coarse aggregate is used., which is free from disruptive action under high temperatures., as,, for example., limestone or trap rock; when impracticable to obtain aggregate of this grade., the protective covering shall be 1 in. thicker and shall be reinforced with metal -mesh having openings not exceeding three inches placed I in. from the finished surface. In similar structures where the fire hazard is limited, the metal reinforcement shall not be placed nearer the exposed surface than 3/4 in. 1n slabs and walls, or 1 in. in beams, girders and columns. (a) Cement or gypsum plaster, 3/4 in. or more in thickness (on metal lath weighing not less than 2VI lb. per. square yd. when used vertie- ally, nor less than three lb. per sq. yd. when used horizontally) may . be substituted for a part of the protective covering of concrete, provided that only two-thirds of the thickness of the plaster be considered effective and the concrete protection shall in no case be reduced to less than 3/4 in. (d) Exposed reinforcement bars intended for bonding with future extensions shall be protected from corrosion. Section B- 179 . CONSTRUCTION JOINTS. (a) Joints not indicated on the plans shall be so m:Wd—eand located as to least impair the strength of the struct-ure. Where: a horizontal joint is to be made., any excess water and laitance shall be removed from thd- surface after con- arete is deposited. Before depositing of concrete is resumed, the hard- ened surface shall be cleaned and roughened and all weak concrete removed* (b) At least 2 hours must elapse after depositing concrete in the columns or walls before depositing in beams, girdersi or slabs sup" ported thereon. Beams, � girders, brackets, column capitals, and haunches shall be considered as part of the floor system and shall be placed mono- lithically therewith. (a) Construction Joints in floors shall be located near the middle of spans of slabs, beams, or girders, unless a beam intersects a girder at this point, in which case the Joints in the girders shall be offset a distance equal to twice the width of the beams * In this last case provision shall be made for shear by use of inclined reinforcement. Section B- 180. DESIGN - GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS. (a) The design of reinforced-concrete members under these specifications, shall be made with reference to working stresses and '-safe loads. The accepted theory of flexure .as applied to reinforced concrete shall, be applied to all members resisting bending involving the following assumptions : (1) The steel takes all tensile stress* (2) The ratio n.'of 'the modulus of elasticity of the steel to that of the concrete .shall be taken as- follows (applies also for compreasion'members)� _: n Es 30.,000 1..000 ft FLEnURAL COMPUTATIONS AND MOMENT COEFFICIENTS. Section B-181. FORMULAS FOR FLEXURE. (a) Computations of flexural resistance of reinforced-ooneretF—beams and slabs shall be based on the assumptions of Section B- 180 The customary formulas or their equivalent shall be used. Section B-182* COMPRESSION STEEL IN FLEXURAL MEMBERS. (a) Where it is necessary to introduce stee in compression in girders.,—Beams., or slabs, such steel shall be thoroughly anchored by ties or stirrups - not less than V1 in. in size which shall be spaced not more than 8 in. apart over the distance where the compression steel is requiredle- Section B-183m. SHRINKAGE AND TEMP11RATURE REINFOROMONT. Reinforcement for shtinkage and temperature stresses normal to the prin- cipal reinforcement shall be provided in floor and roof slabs where the principal reinforcement extends in one direction only* Such reinforce- ment shall provide for the following minimum ratios of reinforcement area to concrete area.. but in no case shall such reinforcing bars be placed farther apart than five times the slab thickness nor more than 18 in. Floor slabs where deformed bars are used 0.002 Floor slabs where wire fabric is used, having welded intersections not farther apart in the direction of stress than 12 in* 0.0018 Roof* slabs where deformed bars a re used . . . . . . 0.0025 - Roof slabs where wire fabric, is used, having welded intersections not farther apart in the direction' of stress than 12 in.. . . . . . . . 0.0022 Section B-184. OPLDITHI-LRY A1,MHOEWE, RE P-,LC=1 , Z 1qT 3 (a) Tensile , negative reinforcement in any span or a -continuous,, restrained, or cantilever* beam, : or in any member of bC rigidT frame, shall have a length of� anchorage beyond the face of the supporting member sufficient to develop the full maximum tension at an average bond stress not - greater than 0004ft for Dla-in bars., or 0*05f' for deformed bars* Vilthin any such span, ciiot ,le- ss than one-thirdlo?' the negative reinforcements shall extend along the tension side of the. beain at .least to or beyond 'the, point of inflection.. and any bars .,not so extended 'shall �be bent. down at an angle of not more than 45 deg. with the axis of the member .and made continuous with the positive reinforcement or anchored in a region of .'CoMpression. (b) Of the,,positive reinforedment in continuous beams , not less than one-fourth the area shall extend at the same face of, the- beam into the sup-port to provide an embed-nient of ten or raore bar diameters beyond the face of the support* (c) For non-continuous beams ,not less than one-half the area of pos-itive reinforcement shall extend at the same face of the beam into the support to provide an e-,-ubec1xaent of ton or raore , bar diameters, - RCED - CONCR"TE C0L_W,;JTTS AND ,i�ALLS. RE I 1\7 01 Section B-185* LIT-1,1-TTIITG _i)DAEVITS IONS 0 . (a) , Unless designed as long columns., reinforced oncrete columns shall not be longer than eleven, times the least lateral dimension. Principal columns in buildings shall have a minimird diameter or thickness of 12" in. Posts that are not con- tinuous ffom story to story shall� have 'a minimum diameter or thielmess of 6 in* Section B-186. VNISUPPORTED _LENGTI-11 OF COLM,,INS. (a The. IM-, supported length of reinfdrced-,conerete columns shall be taken as & (1) In flat-slab construction the clear distance between the floor and under side .of the capital; (2) In beam-and-slab construction, the clear distance between the floor andthe under side of the shallowest beam -frva-aing* into the column at the next higher floor level; (3) in floor construction with' bea I ins in one direction only, the clear distance between floor slabs; (4) In colivans supported laterally by struts or beams only,, the clear distance between con-secutive, pairs. ,(or groups) of struts or beains, provided that to be conside,red , ah_. adequate a-a-0-- orto two such struts or beams shall meet, the co"lumn ,at approxi-mat,ely the same level and the angle between the two planes formed by the axis of the col-Lunn and the axis of each strut respectively is not less than 75 deg. nor I more than 10& ,dego (b) -Jhen reinf'o rc' od�.concrete ,brachets are used at the junction of beams or struts With columns, the clear distance b etween su-o-ports may ,be considered as reduced by -the depth�.of the bracket., pro'vMbd ifie, width of the bracket is at, least eq jual to that of-.the beam- and,.�n ot, less,'than one-he_ �f of the col L,).= Section B-187. DESIGN 0", SPIPU�L COLMDTINS. .(a) The "'permissible axial , load on colirans reinforced with .lonsitudinal 16ars and closely spaced spirals enclosinr, a circLular core, shall- not be Greater than that deter- mined by the followinG formula: P W Ac �l 4 (n - 1) p fe in which Ac is ' the area within Oe. outer circumference of the s-piral hooping, and the val-aes of f c are as Given in section B-166 or as i--qay .be found for intermediate values of p by intbrl)olation, or in r,-eneral, by. the f or=u1-9L : fc 300A. (0.10 4 f 1b) Reinforcement shall be protected everywhere by a covering of concrete cast. monolithie with the core which shall. have a minimum thickness of 1-2& in. Section B-188. DESIGN OF COLUMNS WITH LATERA.L TIES. (a) The permissible alial load on columns reinforced with longitudinal bare and separate lateral ties shall not be greater ,than that, determined by the following formula: P = 0.225 f,1 Ag 11- j (n 1) (b) The ratio of longitudinal reinforcement shall not be less than 0*005 nor shall the ratio considered in the calculations be ,more than OeO2 of the total area of the column., The longitudinalreinforeement shall consist of not less than four bars of minimum diameter of 5/8 in*$ ' A placed with Uear distance from the face of the column not less than 2 in., nor more than 3 in. �Splices in longitudinal reinforcem' ent -shall provide a lap of at least 24-bar diameters for deformed bars,, and 30 diameters for plain bars. (c) Lateral ties shall be at least j in* in diameter spaced not more than 12. in. Apart. In ,columne of rectangular section,, cross ties, shall be arranged to afford support to the vertioal. bars at intervals not greater than the shorter side * of the section, but such interval need- not be less than 12 in* in Any case* Section B-189. BENDING IN COLUMNS. (a) The bending moments in interior and exterior columns shall be determined on the basis of loading conditions and end restraint, and shall be provided for in the design* Section B-190* LONG COLUMNS. (a) The permissible working load on the core in axially loaded spiral or composite columns which have a length greater than 50 times the least radius of gyration of the column core (50R) shall not begreater than that determined by the . following formula: 1*50 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 P (b) The permissible working load on axially-loaded tied columns, which have a length greater than 40 times the least radius of. gyration of the column section (404) ,, shall not be greater than that de- termined by the following formula: P1 h 1.33 0 of 0 0 0 a 0 P 120R (e) The radius of gyration of a column shall be computed from the concrete area used in design and the transformed section of the longitudinal steel area; that is, the actual area of steel multiplied by n* Section B-191. FOOTINGS, LOADS. (a) Footings resting direct- ly on soil or on piles shalf—be proportionedas to area or number of piles on the basis ; of the total column load plus the weight of the foot- ing itself* For computation of moments and shears, an upward reaction perunit area or per pile shall be, based on the total column load (not including the weight of the footing itself) divided by the area or by the number of piles, Section B-192. SLOPED OR STEPPED FOOTINGS. (a) Footings in which the thickness has been aetermined by the requirements for shear may be sloped or stepped between the critical section and the edge' of the footing, provided that the shear on no section outside the critical see- tion exceeds the value,-specified, and providedfurther that the thickness of the footing Above the reinforcement at the edge shall not be less than 6 in. for footings on soil, nor less than 12 in* for footings on piles. Sloped or stepped footings shall be cast -as a unit* ARTICLE l90 STRUCTURAL STEEL TqM—Ity -and Design) Section B-193* SCOPE. (a) These regulations cover the use of structural steel iii—any structure to be erected under the pro- visions of this building code, of, which they form a parte, They are intended to supplement ,the general provisions of the code in order to provide for the proper design and construction of structures of this material. In all matters pertaining to the design and. construction where these specific regulations are in conflict with other provisions of the code, these regulations shall govern, Section B-194* BASIC PRINCIPLES:, �he following is hereby adopted as part of this Code: A building permit shall not be ,issued until the design of the structural steel is in accordance with the minimum requirements of this ordinance, the statutes of the State of Florida, rules of the Florida Housing Commission and unless it is in conformity with the approved method �of structural steel design and construction for safety to life and property. The Building Regulations for structural steel as laid down by the American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of structural steel for Buildings, the spedi- fications of .the American Society for Testing Materials for Structural Steel for Buildings, the Code of Standard Practice of the American Institute of- Steel ,Constructibn, Inc., the specifications of the American Institute of Steel Construction., Inc. for the Fireproofing of Structural Steel for Buildings and Recommendations of. the United States Department of Commerce for the Minimum Allowable Live Loads for Buildings and such other subsequent standards approved by the American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. and the American Society for Testing Materials shall be udma facie evidence of such approved methods. Section B-195. PERMITS AND DRAWINGS. .(a) Drawings and typical details of all structural steel oonstFuction showing the sizes and position of all structural members., metal minforcement., and the live-load used in the design shall be filed with the department as a permanent record before a permit to construct such work shall be issued. All calculations made may be required by the department to be submitted with the drawings. All structural steel shall be tested In accordance with the above specifications when deemed necessary by the Building Inspector and copies of such tests shall be filed in the office of the Building Inspector. No structural steel shall -be used in any building or structure which does not comply with the* above requirements or for which no test results have been filed with the Building InspeptorA All steel tests shall be made. by competent testing laboratories and at the expense of the owner, The computations and design shall be properly made so that the unit working stresses specified in this Article are not exceeded* The structure and its details shall possess the requisite strength and rigidity for proper stability and the design of every structural fVame shall be such as to 'admit of a rational analysis according to well es- tablished principles of mechanics and sound engineering practice, All structural steel seotions. shall be straight and true and any sections -so damaged as to affect its proper carryi-ig. capacity shall not be used in the construction of any building's Section B-196o ALLOWABLE UNIT STRESSES* All parts of the structure shall be so proportlonea that the sum Ff_ �the maximum static stresses in pounds per square inch shall not exceed those specified in this Section* , - - - - - - , - I ,I . 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On pine 13,9500 On power-driven rivets 13,500 On turned bolts in reamed holes with a clearance of not more than one-fiftieth (1/50) of an inch * 9 e * e # # e o , a # * 132500 On hand-driven rivets. . . . . . . 10.9000 On unfinished bolts. . ..10$000 On the gross area of the webs of beams and girders, where h. the* height between flanges in inches, is not 'mor6 than sixty (60) times t the thickness of -the web In inches 12..000 On the gross area of the- webs of beams and girders if the web is not stiffened where h. the height between flanges � in inches.. is more than, sixty (60) times t., the thickness of the web, ,-the maximum shear per square Inch,, S/A shall not exceed* l8vOOO. h2 7,2OOt2 in which 3 is the total shear., and A Is the gross area of web In square inches., Double Shear and 'Single Shear BEARING. Shear Shear On pins 30.9000 24..000 On power-driven rivets. 30s,000 24,9000 On turned bolts in reamed holes . 30,000 240000 On hand driven rivets . 20$000 16..000 On- unfinished bolts - 200000 16s,000 (e) COMBINED STRESSES: For combined stresses due to wind and other loads., the permissible working stress must conform to the following: For oombined. stre6ses due to wind and other loads the allowable unit. stresses may be increased thirty-three and one-third (33 1/3) per cent in excess of the values given In Articles 16, 179 18 and 19, except that in members whose wind stress is fifty (50) per. eent or more of the total stress in that member., no increase may be made in the allowable stresses. In no ease shall the section be less than required if the wind stress be neglected. Members subject to both direct and beriding stresses shallb e so proportioned that the greatest combined stresses shall not exceed the allowed limitso All members and their. connections which are subject to stresses of both tension and co mpression due to the action of live loads shall be designed to sustain the stress giving the largest section, with fifty (50) per cent of the smaller stress added to its If the reversal of stress is due to the action of wind, the member shali be designed for the stress giving the largest section and the connections proportioned for the largest stress* Section B-197* THICENESS OF MATERIAL The minimum thick- ness of metal in structural steel shapes sER11 be one-fourth (1) inch at every point and shall not be less than one-half (J) inch at W every point for any cast iron or cast steel member except as follows : EXCEPTIONS: (1) The webs of channels and I-beams, the edges of rolled. steel sections, steel joists, signs, skylight bars, non- bearing walls and partitions, suspended ceilingso cornice brackets, - steel studs, and similar steel shapes shall not be limited by the above thickness requirements* Section B-198o CONNECTIONS. Connections, carrying calculated stresses, except for lacing.. sag bars or angles.9 hand rails., or beam connections, shall not have less than two (2) rivets; or for field connections not less than three (3) rivets. Members medting at a joint shall have their lines of center of gravity meet at a point if. practicable; if not,, provision shall be made for any eccentricity, The rivets at the ends of any member transmitting thestresses into that member shall have their centers of gravity in the, line of the center of gravity of the member; if not,, provision shall be made for the effect of . the resulting eccentricity* Pins may be so placed as to counteract the effect of bending due -to dead load. When a beam, or girder Is connected to another member In such a manner that .,such beam or girder acts as a continuous or fixed end beam,, proper provision shall be made for the bending moments at such • connection. Where stress is transmitted from one piece to another, through • loose filler, the number of rivets' shall be -properly increased; tight- fitting fillers shall be preferred. All joints in riveted work., whether in tension or compression, shall be so spliced as to properly transmit all stresses. The minimum distance between centers of rivet holes shall be three diameters of the rivet but the distance shall preferably be not less than as specified in Table A* TABLE A MINIMUM DIS_TUQZ,_INCHES SIZE FOR R=S- NUMS 4.21- 4 1 1 8 3 7/8 2V 3/4 2 618 1 3/4 NOTE. ii The minimum distance between the center of the rivets and edge of plates or angles shall be as in Table B, Maximum distance from any edge shall be twelve (12) times .the thickness of plate,, but shall' not exe eed six (6) inehese TABLE B MINIMUM -DISTANOE, TECH SIZE- FOR RIVET3, INCHES 2 1 3/4 1 13. - 7/8 Ll : .1 3/4 1, 1/8 618 2 Section B-199* RIVETS AND BOLTS. In proportioning rivets., the nominal diameter of th7e rivet-shall be used. Rivets shall be used for the- connections of main members carry- ing live loads which produce impact, and for connections subject to reversal of stresses* Finished bolts in reamed holes may be used in shop or field work where it is impractical to obtain satisfactory power-driven rivets. The finished shank shall be long enough to provide full bearing, and washers used under the nuts to give full grip when turned tight* Unfinished .bolts may be used in shop or field work ,for connections in small structures used for shelters and for secondary members of all structures such as purlinsVgirtsp door and window framing., alignment bracing ,and secondary beams in floor. Section B-1200*' WELMED CONNECTIONS. (a) Fusion welding may be used (in place of riveting or boltin-g)--fo—r connecting structural steel or wrought iron parts or members to one another., but in no case shall the stresses in joints exceed the allowable . working- unit stresses given in the following-table- ALLOWABLE UNIT WORKING STRESSES FOR STATIC LOADS. Tension In weld metal (butt welds) . . 13.9000 lbs, per sq* in. Shear In iveld metal (fillet welds) . 0 �11*300 lbso per sq* In* Compreasion in weld metal l5s000 lbbo per sq* in. Maximum fibre -stresses due to banding shall not exceed the values prescribed above for tension and compressions respectivelys- In designing welded jointa., -Adequate provision shall be made for bending stresses due to eecentricity,,. if anys1n the disposition or section of base metal parts* M The' electrode wire shall conform to the American Welding Society Specifications E No. 1-A or E No, 1-B as published December, 1921, in the American Welding. Society Bulletin No. 2., and. its subsequent amendments* All portions ,of the members at the point of welding shall be completely freed from rusts, paintland other foreign matter by brushing the surfaces with an iron brush, by chipping or by hammeringl� (e) The Building Inspector shall require the welding operator to furnish evidence of his experience and competence in structural are welding and may require the welder to make sample. butt welds# Such sample welds mu t show an average tensile strength of forty-five thousand (45,000) pounds per square inch with no one sample developing a tensile strength of less than forty thousand (40.,000) pounds per square inch*, (d) Where electric spot or resistance welding is used, the portion of the members to be welded shall be thoroughly cleaned of rust, scale or other foreign matter by pickling in a suitable acid before welding. Section B-201* CONSTRUCTION DETAILS. (a) Trusses pre-- ferably shall be rivetedstructures and only when there 'are good reasons to justify, such as where riveted field connections become unwieldys may they be designed as pin-conneeted structures, (b) All joints in rivited work., whether in tension or com- pression, shall be spliced as to properly transmit the stresses* (c) Bracing shall be -sufficient to safely withstand wind and other lateral forces when the building is in the process of erection as well as after completion* (d) When two or more plates are in contact., they shall be stitch rivited with rivets not more than twelve (12) inches apart in either direction* M The ends of beams, ch annels, girders and trusses that bear on masonry or reinforced concrete shall be so framed that the allow. able stresses for masonry' or3ainforeed concrete shall not be, exce'ededs and anchors of ample size and strength shall be provided thoroughly em. bedded in the masonry orreinforced concrete construction, (f) The ends of all beams., channels,, girders., girts., purlins and similar members that meet on a beam., girder., truss,, column or pier shall be connected to each other by a strap or through the carrying members with not less than two (2) bolts or rivets each not less than five-eighths (5/8) of an inch in diameter In the end of each connecting member* (g) Tie rods shall be proportioned to resist their res- pective stresses, and holes for them shall be placed as near the spr,-Xng of the arches as practicable* Section BM202* STEEL JOISTS. (a) Ste.el joists may be rolled structural sections., sections built up of rolled structural aections, or shapes .made from strip or sheet steel securely spot-welded together so as to form a cohesive structural unit# all of which shall ),,,, the general shape and contour of. an 14MBeam; or such steel joist may be of a determinate truss design built up of rolled structural steel sections effectively fusion welded together as specified in part (f) of this Section. (b) Steel joists shall be considered as secondary members " of the structural steel frame* They shall be designed to' carry all dead,, live and other loadsto which they may be subjected during the ,erection and after the completion of thp -structuteo Such secondary members shall not be considered as 'aftecting the vertical rigidity of the framework but they shall be designed and considered as carrying horizontal forces to such parts of. the frame as are designed to carry these horizontal forces to the foundation, (a) Stresses in steel , joists shall not exog6d those speci- fied in Section B.-196 -and no joist under its calculated load shall have a deflection exceeding one three-hundred-sixtieth (1/360) of the span. Bridging' shall be provided during the 'period of construction to adequately support the top 'cho I rd or flange against lateral movement and such bridging shallbe designed to hold each joist in a vertical plane* Permanent bridging shall be installed sufficient to laterally stay the joists and to transmit any horizontal forces in either direc- tion perpendicular to the direction of the joists * Such bridging shall consist of solid concrete sections,, structural steel shapes or plates, portal bridging, diagonal rods, or other bridging which will provide equivalent stiffness Any row of bridging shall be capable of trans. ferring five hundred (500) pounds from each joist to adjoining joists, The actual spadng of the joists center to center shall be determined by their capacity to sustain the loads which they carry and the allow. able load carrying capacity of the. floor structure between members, (d) When used in buildings of Type I construction teel joists shall be connected to the supporting beams and/or girdserss by fusion welding, riveting, bolting or rigid connecting. Fusion welds shall be made on both sides of each bearing, shall be not less than one (1) inch In length measured from the starting end to the center of the finishing crater, and shall. have a minimum bead one-fourth (Is) inch. Riveting and bolting shall comply with the requirements of Section B-199. When steel joists are supported on masonry or reinforced con- crete, the end bearing shall be not less than four (4) . inches in length and the ends of such joists shall be provided with approved joistanchors thoroughly embedded in the supporting masonry or reinforced concrete placed at not to exceed six (6) feet center to center. Bearing plates securely welded, bolted or riveted to the joists shall be provided when required by the design of the joist. (e) Strip or sheet steel imed to produce steel joists shall in no case be less than seventy-two thousandths (.0072) of an inch in thickness. The flange width of such Joists shall not exceed one-half their depth* (f) Trussed steel joists shall be so construeted ,that the lines of force of, all connected. members shall intersect at a point, or proper allowance shall .be made in the design for any resulting stress. The joints of all trussed steel joists shall be made by connecting the members directly to one another by fusion welds or by rivets of sufficient capacity to develop the ultimate strength of the, smallest connected member* When welds are used, each connection of member to member shall be made with not less, than t o (2) welds., and each weld shall be not less in length measured fro tarting end to the center of the finishing crater than �twiee the Fisameter of the smallest member connected., nor less in cross sectional area thart one- fourth (VI) of the cross sectional area of the smallest member connected* Welds shall be located symetj?ically on both sides of all connected members so as to eliminate eccentricity at joints, When sections other than round bars are uBed, the length and cross sectional area of the welds shall be the same as those required for round bars of equivalent area* (g) Whenever deemed necessary by the Building InSpector,, Lan-y welded connections or welded joints shall be tested to not less than twice the designed load: by the manufacturer or user and such load shall be sustained without any signs of failure.. . Should any signs of failure develop, the joist or joists shall be rejected andvemoved Imme- diately from the premises* Section B-203. EXPANSION. Proper provision shall be made for expansion and contraction* Section B-204* WORKUNSHIPI. (a) All workmanship shall be equal to the best practice M modern tructural shops. (b) Drifting to. enlarge unfair holes shall not be permitted. (a) The several pieces forming built-up sections shall be straight and fit close together; and finished members shall be free from twists,, bends or open joints* (d) Rolled sections shall not be heated In any manner which will impair their strength or quality* (e) All steel castings shall be properly annealed* (f) Materialmay be punched one-sixteenth (1/16) Inch larg- er than the nominal diameter of the rivets, whenever the thickness of the metal Is equal to or less than the diameter of the rivets, plus one-eighth (116) inch* When the metal is thicker than the diameter of the rivet, plus one-eighth (1/8) Inch, the holes shall be drilled or sub-punched and reamed;, (g) The rivets are to be driven hot,, and wherever practicable, by power* Rivet, heads shall be of 'hemispherical shape and uniform in size throughout the' work for, the , same ,size rivet�., full$ neatly fin- isheds, and conoen- tridwith- the �`holes* Rivets after driving shallbe tight, completely filling the holes, and with heads in full contact with the surfaceo Rivets shall be heated, uhiformly and their tempera- ture before driving shall not exceed 1950 deg* F., which is a light yellow color* An air hammer should not be used for driving after the temperature is below 1000 deg. F.., which isl. a blood.red color* (h) Compression joints depending upon contact bearing shall have the bearing surfaces truly faced after the members are rivetedo All other joints shall be cut or, dressed true and straighte (I) Gas cutting may be done under the following conditions : (1) The Contractor shall be required to satisfy the Building Inspector as to his ability to produce satisfactory gas cuts* (2) Gas-cut edges shall be regular in oontoure (3) Gas cutting may be used in the preparation of base metal parts for welding, provided the edges so cut are thoroughly cleaned after cutting so as to expose clean metal. (4) Gas cutting shall not be permitted to replac.e the milling of surfaces specified elsewhere -in this Code* (5) Gas cutting shall not be permitted on any member while it is carrying stresso This restriction shall not apply to detail cutting for the correction of minor fabricating errors, where the removal of metal resulting from such gas cutting will not reduce the required strength of the member that is to be out* (6) Gas cutting of holes in any member which has not been degigned therefor shall not be permitteds Section B-205* PAIETING-PROTECTION OF STRUCTURAL METAL AGAINST CORROSION. (a) ATIT"ReTal"structural work shall B; al d of all scale, dirf and rusts *and be -given one - coat of paint at the shop completely covering all exposed surfaces., After erection all such work shall be painted at least one additional coat of a shade different from the first coat* This first coat of paint shall be made of pigments which shall be chemically inert after application., and shall be mixed with linseed or other drying oil. The amount of vdla- tile matter shall be sufficient for easy spreading, and shall not injure the film of the paint* The paint must dry sufficiently hard within 24 hours so that it will not rub off or abrade easily, When the steel reaches the job, all abraded or injured portions must be thoroughly recoated with the same material as the shop. coat before the second coat is applied* The second coat of paint shall be such as will not act as a solvent of the firstcoat, and shall be mixed with a pigment which shall be inert after application, and the vehicle shall be one that will not saponify under the action of Dement mortar, (b) Surfaces of riveted work which come in contact with each other shall be painted with two coats of paint before assembling. head work (0) All iron o r steel, except steel sheet I pile fo.r bulk., s used in 'damp locations or under water shall be embedded in Portland cement done'rete* No paint shall be applied to the steel surfaces which are to. be encased in concrete. (d) Any. structural steel work which may be so placed as to be inaccessible for inspection after erection, shall be thoroughly cleaned of all rust- and encased in Portland cement concrete before it is rendered inaccessible, (e) Machine-finished surfaces shall be protected against corrosion* (f) Cast iron columns shall not be painted until after acceptance by the Building Inspector* Section B-i-206* �MCTION. (a) The frame . of all steel skeleton buildings shall bre­c�a rried, up true and plufab, and -temporary bracingshall -be intro' diieed -wherever - . ­ , .6 a, ' necessar to,tak are:,' of all loads . to which the strut.-ftre, may be subjeotedo in eluding erection equipment., and the operation of the same. ' Such bracing shall be left inplace as long as required for- safety or deemed necessary by the Building Inspector.. , (b) As ereo t ion progresses. the work shall be securely bolted up to take -care of h1l dead loads wind and erection stresses, (a) Wherever piles of material, erection equipment or other loads are carried during erection$ proper',provision shall be made to take care of the resulting stresses. (d) No riveting or welding shall be done until the structure has been properly aligned*' (e) Rivets driven in the field shall be heated and driven with the same care as those driven in the shop. (f) In the setting or erection of steel work the individual pieces shall be considered plumb or level when the error does not exceed 1 to 500* For exterior columns and columns adjacent to elevator shafts of multiple story buildings the error shall not exceed 1 to 1000 to the total height of the column. ARTICLE 80 DETAILED REGULATIONS EXCAVATIONS, FOOTINGS AND FOUNDATIQNS;� � '-, SectionB207 EXCAVATIONS. All excavations shall be protected against danger to life and property by the person or persons causing the excavation, to be made. Permanent excavations aball 'have '��-retaining -walls' of relliforced -concrete, or interlocking steel piling, No excavation for any purpose shall extend within one (1) foot of the angle of repose or natural slope of the soil. under any footin& or foundation unless such footing or foundation Is first properly underpinned and/or protected against settlement* .Section B- 208. FOOTINGS AND FOUND.LTIONS. Footings and foundations., unless specifleally �provlded, shall be constructed of reinforced concrete or structural steel encased in concrete, Footings shall be so designed that the,allowable bearing capacity of the soil in tons per square foot- as given below shall not be exceeded unless the particular soil on which the building is to, be placed shows a greater bearing capacity than that specified in this Section. ROCK, If solid, with no pot holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660 * 946 * 64669 5 ions-- ROCK, if pot holes are cleaned and filled with concrete 3 tons . SAND, in Natural Bed (withno underlying unstable stratum. ) Exposed water-front 'structures must have bottoms of footings on foundations at least one (1) foot below mean low water, although at the discretion of the Building Inspector, this distance may be, inereased 21 tons & 0 : 12 F 111 ed Land . . . . . . /2 ton *The Building Inspector shall require Borings to indicate that 'the thickness of Rock below bottom "of footings is at least 5 feet.. , Where the bearing capacity of the soil is not definitely known or 9 is in question, the Building Inspector mayrequire load tests or other adequate proof as to the permissible safe, bearing capacity at that par- ticular location. To determine the , safe bearil.eapacity of soil It shall be tested by loading an area not less than two ) square feet to not Jets than twice the maximum bearing capacity desired for use. Such'double load shall be sustained by the soil until no additional settlement takes place for a period of not less than forty-eight - (48) hours in order that such desired bearing capacity may be used* Examination of sub-soil condit- ions may be required when deemed necessary, Foundations shall be built, upon natural solid ground where. possible. Filled land, loam or soil containing organic matter shall not be used 'to support buildings, exceeding one story in height, and such buildings must be Type II or III construction. Where solid natural ground does not occur at the foundation depth, sudh, foundationa shall be extended down to natural solid ground or piles shall be used, unless there is a .praetically level ' fill of good ground which has been. in place a sufficient length of time to - settle properly, when such fill may be used. Section B- 2,09 PILES. (a) 'General Requirements. All Piles 'used to support any builditig or part thereof, shall be driven to a reasonably solid bearing in such a manner as not to Impair their strength. No pile or group , of piles shall be loaded eccentrically. (b) Wood Piles. Wood piles: s'hall be of Dade County pine or other approved wood containing no 'evidences of decay. They shall be driven green, The piles shall be free from short kinks or reverse bends and shall have a uniform taper from butt to tip. A straight line drawn from the center of the butt to -the tip shall lie wholly within the body ofthe Ile -The diameter of wood piles at the point shall be not less than- six M inches- and at the butt shall be not less then ten (10) inches for p.iles eighteen (18) feet or less in length. and not less than twelve (12) inches at the butt for piles more than eighteen (18), feet In length. N.o .piles. with spiral grah which exceeds one complete turn in forty (40) feet shall be used. All wood piles .and capping shall be cut off and/or placed below mean low water level or below lowest ground water level; with the exception of creosoted piles as covered in this Section. Creosoted piles of Douglas fir or Southern pine� when treated with Grade 1 creosote under pressure with a full.0cell ereosote treatment com- plying with Specification No. 41-6 or No. 39-a of the Ameriean.Wood Preservers Association In such a manner as to provide a final retention of not less than sixteen (16) pounds per cubic foot in Doug1as fir piling, and not less than twenty (20) pounds per cubic foot in Southern pine piling, may be used as follows: 1, Where the upper portion of the ereosoted piling is to be exposed and available for Inspection the out-off may. be above ground level or above :-water level. 2* Where the upper part of the ereosoted piling wi-11 not be readily available for inspection the, cut-off shall be below ground level but may be, above ,ground water level provided the tops of the out-off piles are treated with three (3) coats of hot creosote and capped with concrete so ,that. no part will be exposed ,to the air. No creosoted piling shall be used which has been so injured in- handling or driving as to penetrate� the creo I soted shell, exce t in* the ca.se of bolt holes and unavoidable framing including the top . cut-off, all of which shall be .treated with 'three (3) coats of hot ,creosote. The Building Inspec tor may require any pil&6 which are to be used for the support of permanent structures to' be inspected by an approvedtesting laboratory or other qualified -inspector satisfactoryto the Building Inspector. This Inspection shall, include a certifioate -of inspection indicating- whether or not the piles, creosote and method of treatment conform to the requirements of this Code. Each pile , shall be, so marked or branded by the Inspector issuing, the certificate -of inspection as to identify� the pile with respect to conformity to the provisions of thi's Code. Wood piles shall, be spaced apart not less than. two (2) feet six (6). inehes, center. to center, The allowable load on. wood piles shall in no ease exceed the values determined by, the following formulae: For piles driven by drop, bemmer: . 1 - 2 th/s 1 0.1 0 * 4, 0 * * 1 6060609 . . (1) For piles driven -by steam ha.mmer; . ,operating at efficiency ;ecommended by the manufacturer: 1 - J2 wh/s - I - 01 . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Where (L) equals the safe load in tons,, _(W) equals the weight of the h ammer in tons�_ (H) equals the height of fall orstroke of the hammer in feet, (8) equals ,the average -penetration in inches under the last five (5) blows. The , allowable load on a wood pile shall in I no case exceed ,twenty (20) tons for an untreated pile., or fifteen (15) tonsfor a areosoted, pile. (e) Concrete Piles. Concrete p1les , shall, be- of, materia- 1 complying with the requirements for Portland, opmentS fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and reinforced as specified in Article 18and steel as specified in Article 19. The maximum allowable working stress -on. any concrete pile shall not exceed twelve (12) per cent of the ultimat,e,.-co ressive strength of- the concrete MP used in the piles, determined by, test's-- as specif ied,--In Article 18 The maximum allowable load on any pile shall riot' exceed such working stress multiplied by the average cross sectional area of the pile, EXCEPTIONS-: -Vhen":'�s'ueh ile '-is cast- in a ,,tight,:steel- tube. not less than f ive-sixteentfir, (5/163 Aneh- thl-ek., the allowable working' str-ess shall be not more than'--tventy�-tive (25)_�pdr cent 'of� the uitimate compressive strength of the concrete plus. an allowable stress not to exceed seventy- five hundred (7500) pounds .per square inch for the steel tube. not includ- Ing In such latter computation the outer one-sixte, enth (1/16) inch of steel shell,* In no ease shall the value of such pile exceed fifty (50) tons, Concrete piles cast in place shall be made in such a manner as to insure the exclusion of any foreign matter and to secure a full-sized shaft. The length of such piles shall be limited to not more than thirty (30) times the average diameter, except that when cast in steel tubes with a thickness , of not less than fiv6-sixteenths (6/16) Inch ,the length of such piles shall be not greater than forty (40) times the aver- age diameter. The diameter of concrete-filled steel tubes shall be not less than .ten (10) inches and Such piles shall be driven to proper resist- ance. The diameter of other piles cast In place shall be not less than eight (8) inches at -the- point and., Shall ,�have an average diameter of not less than eleven (11). -inches'.*, Pre-east concrete piles shall, be suffidiently. cured to attain the ulti- mate strength upon which ,their use JSLbased before driving. Sueh -piles shall be reinforced with a, mini - of ,,1 2% of lo _ 1 I mum a itudinal- reinforcing ach r6uhd�hooping not �over (8) inches on centers and one-quar'ter U) 1 e ght in shaft of pile and three (3) -Inches on centers for a distance of eighteen (18) inches at head of point, and so handled as not to be fractured in: any manner which will affect their durability or strength, Pre-cast concrete piles shall have a size at the point of not less then -seven" (7) inches, and an average site not less than 10 (10) inches, The length of such piles when driven to rock shall be limited to twenty (20) times the average diameter and shall not exceed forty. (40) times the average diameter in any other case. The allowable load on-a concrete pile when driven by a drop hammer or by a steam homer shall not exceed the values determined by Formulas No. I and No. 2. respectively, of this Section or the maximum values in paragraph C of this Section. Rolled structural steel piles shall comply with the requirements for structural steel as specified In Article , 19. The minimum thickness of metal shall be three-eights (3/8) inch. The allowable :1'oad on, a structural steel pile shall be determined by the formulas given in. paragraph (b) of this Section. In lieu of the determination of the allowable load by formula, the pile may be- required to carry a test load equal to one and one-half (1j) times the load which the pile is to carry* (d) The safe bearing power of any pile shall be determined by a1oad test whenever deemed necessary' and ordered by the Building Inspector. The test. pile or piles shall be loaded to twice the design load, and the resultant sbttlement shall be measured until during a forty-cight (48) hour period no appreciable additional settlement takes place. ART IC LE WALLS AND PARTITIONS. Solid Masonry Walls Section B-210 GENERAL 'PROVISIONS: Solid masonry walls shall be. supported at right angles to the -walls face at such intervals that the wall panel within the vertical and horizontal supporting members will not have . an area greater than 256 'sq. ft. ., but the distance between vertical supports shall not exceed twenty (20) feet center to center.' Such lateral support may be obtained by masonry cross wRlls, concrete piers, columns or buttresses for the vertical members and by f1bors, roof,, or concrete tie beams for the horizontal members*' Concrete columns shall be required .at all corners and at intervals , as stated above, and may be the same thickness as the walls, or a minimum of eight (8) inches. and shall be not less than twelve (12) inches in width,, reinforced with four (4) five-eighth-inch (5/8") continuous vertical rods with one-quarter (1/4) inch ties spaeodon twelve (12) inch centers, A tie-beam of reinforced concrete designed in accordance with the Engineering Section of this Code shall be placed In all masonry walls below each tier of floor or ceiling joists and on top of walls forming a coping. This tie-beam shall have a minimum width of not less than eight (8) Inches and the height shall be not less than twelve (12) Inches, reinforced with not less than four, five-eights Inch (5/80) rods, two at the top and two. at the bottom. Coping beams may be a minimum of eight by eight (8"x8") inches, or sixty-four (64)- i4il�re' lnehes, reinforced with -two (2) one-half (1/2) inch. CFO rods, and such coping shall be anchored to the tie-beam immediately under- neath with the equivalent of eight by twelve (8'fxl2ll) inch concrete struts reinforced with four (4), one-half inch (1211) rods; such struts to be spaced directly over columns below. In addition to the above there shall be an eight (8) inch by eight (8) inch or sixty-four- (64) square inches reinforced concrete tie-beam, con- structed in the same manner as above coping beam, on the rake at the end of gables. .�.n ornamental .finish above the uppermost beam or coping, as specified above, shall be properly bended, and coped as shall be reouired.by the' Building Inspector. Bending and anchoring of horizontal and vertical framing members to the wall shall be provided sufficlent to resist the assumed wind force .acting in any direction. Floors and roof shall be so constructed anchored to such walls as to form a continuous and sufficient anchorage across the .building from wall to wall. Anchoring .of wood framing to masonry walls shall be as specified in Section� 145. Piers or butresses relied upon for lateral sup- port shall have sufficient strength and stability to transfer the wind force acting in either direction .to the ground. When walls are dependent upon floors for their lateral support, provision shall be made in the building to trans- fer the lateral force resisted by all floors to the ground. Corbels may be built into masonry walls to furnish bearings for joists or other structural parts, but such corbels shall not exceed one-fourth (1) the total thickness of .the wall ., and the projection for each corse in such corbel shall not exceed one-half (1) inch. Corbelin of walls eight (8) 2 9 inches or less in thickness shall not be allowed. All masonry units must be thoroughly wetted before placing same in the wells. Section B-211. WORKING STRESSES. The maximum allowable compressive stresses in solid masonry due to combined live., dea(iand other loads shall notexceed those specified 'in Sections 141 and 141-A. Section B-212. THICKNESS OF EXTERIOR -ZkLLS OTIER THi-iN SKELETON CON- STRUCTION. (a) The thickness of solid masonry walls shall be sufficient at all pUnts to keep the combined stresses due to live, dead and other loads for which the building is designed 'within the limits specified in Article 16. The minimum thickness of solid masonry exterior,bearing or party walls shall be not less in thickness than twelve (12) inches. Solid masonry exterior bearing or party walls construated as specified in part (d) of this. Section may be of lesser thickness. (b) Non bearing walls ofmaBonry shall be not less in thickness than specified under Paragraph (c) , Table No. 3. (c) Masonry walls, either bearing or non-bearing, for Groups E and F buildings not over three (3)- stories in ,height shall not be less in thickness than specified in Table No. 3, provided structural' .eolumns at least 811 in thickness are poured integral with .the masonry at intervals not greater than 161 -0" and also, provided the tie-be. am as specified in Section;;---210 is poured at each floor and roof leve14 Table No. 3 2nd, , , 4 , , , : : : : : : : : :8 8 Ist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 8 8 Foundation Wall 12 (d) Where solid masonry bearing or non-bearing walls other than fire walls or fire division walls are strengthened laterally by masonry buttresses or cross walls the wall thickness specified in -parts (a) , (b) and (c) of this Section may-be reduced between buttresses by one-half the � thlckness added�at the buttress except that no part of� such � (8) Inches thick. - Buttresbes buttressed wall ,shal,l. be less - t8an' eight shall be not less than one-eight I h (1/0- the cle6rdistane-6 between them ., In width and their clear distance. apart shall not exceed twenty-four (24) times the reduced wall thickness. Principal girders and- trusses shall rest on the buttresses. In one-story buildings having walls not over sixteen (16) fee-t high to the under side of girders or trusses and pilastered as -above provided for an eight (8) inch wall between pilasters,, such 'Walls may be considered as bearing walls for roof loads and parapet walls only. All materials used in solid masonry walls shall conform in all respects to the requirements for such materials in Article 16 and 18. Section B 213 BONDS. In all solid unit masonry walls at.,least every sixth course on both sides of the wall shall be a header course or there shall be at least one full header In every seventy-two (72) square inches of each wall. surface. In walls more than twelve (12) inches thick the inner joints of header courses shall be covered with another header course which shall- break joints with the course below. Blind headers .may' be permitted in lieu' of full headers, Where running bond is usedjievery sixth course on each face shall be bonded into the backing by using a full header course at right angles to the face behind split brick. Section B- 214 PIERS. - The, unsupported height of Isolated piers shall not exceed ten (10) times their least dimensions. Piers of solid unit masonry shall be laid up in cement mortaro Walls in which the openings are of such 'an extenlras to leave relatively narrow sections exceeding ten (10) feet in height shall have such narrow sections computed a4d� eonstructed as for isolated piers. . Section B- 215 CHASES AND RECESSES. � There shall be no chases in � twelve (12) inch walls or less' in thickness or I within the required area of an pier. Recesses for stairways or elevators may be made in walls,, but 'in no case shall the walls at such points be less than the required thickness of walls of the fourth story above the ground floor unless reinforced by additional piers, by steel or reinforced concrete girders or steel or reinforced concrete column and girders, securely anchored to the walls on each side of such recesses. Recesses for alcoves and similar pur- poses shall have not less than .eight (8) inches of material at the back* Such recesses shall not be more than eight (8) feet In width and .shall be arched over or spanned with lintelto The aggregate area of recesses In the wall of any one story shall not exceed one-fourth (1/4) the whole area of the* face of the -wall in that story. No recesses shall be permitted in- fir,e or. fire division walls that will reduce the thickness below the minimum specified in this Code. Openings for doors and windows shall have well-buttressed arches or lintels, of masonry, or of metal 'With bearing .at each end of not less than four (4) inches on- the ,wall.,. On the' 'inside of openings less than four (4) feet- wide,- in which the thickness of arches and lintels is less than that of the wall 'supported, timber may be used, which will rest at each end not more than two (2) inches:: on the wall- and .be ehamfered or out to serve as arch centers, only in case a relieving areh -isturned aboVeit. The maximum percentage of openings In the horizontal cross section of any wall shall not exceed fifty (50) per cent unless- the wall is increased fourl(4) inches in thickness or such portions- of the wall between openings shall be as required for..plers In Section B -214. evg Section B-216 WALLS OF HOLLO14 TILE, CONCRETE BLOCK OR TILE, HOLLOW WALLS OF BRICK AND HOLLOW MONOLITHIC- PLAIN CONCRETE WALLS. . I HOLLOIV YVALLS. Walls of hollow ciay tile., I,of concrete block or tile, hollow walls of solid masonry units and hollow' monolithic plain concrete walls shall be supported at right angl'es� to- the face at Intervals not exceeding sixteen (16) feett except at the discretion of the Building Inspector. such lateral supports may be In the form of cross walls, piers, or buttresses. , Piers orzbuttress I es. relled- up-on for' 'lateral support shall. be of reinforced con-erete: or structural -6teel- and, shall,�-be- pdured, With the ends of the two,. .spandrel wall sections to be used as forms for concrete. All walls shall be adequately bonded to columns, piers and buttr-esseso , When� walls are dependent on floors for their lateral support, provision shall be made in the building to transfer the lateral force resisted by all floors to the ground. T he general provisions relating to solid ,masonry walls shall apply to hollow walls as included in this Section; provided,, that corbeling from hollow walls shall. not ,be permitted except when such corbels are constructed of solid masonry or reinforced concrete. When air spaces are built into the wall the area of such air spaces combined with the area of the cellular space in the tile used in the construct- Ion of the wall shall not exceed forty-five (45) per cent of the : gross , , cross-sectional area of the wall. Masonry walls composed of a -comination of solid and hollow units shall not be less in thickness than the minimum thickness required for hollow walls as provided In Section B- 212, . All materials used in walls of hollow clay tile or concrete block or tile. .hollow walls Of solid masonry units and hollow monolithic concrete walls shall conform in all respects to the requirements for such materials In ILPticles 16 and l8 Glass building units shall not be used to carry other than their own load , shall not be used in broken panels exceeding one hundred (100) square feet, and shall not be used in solid panels exceeding two hundred (200) square feet. The bonding and1mortar shall be as required by the Build- Ing Inspector. Section B-217 WORKING STRESSES. The maximum allowable compressive stresses in walls of hollow tile, concrete block or tile, hollow walls of brick or hollow monolithic plain concrete walls due to combined live.,. dead and other loads shall not exceed, those spbeif ied In Articles 16 and18 Section B-�213. THICKNESS AND HEIGHT OF WALLS OTHER THAN SKELETON CONSTRUCTION. Walls of hollow claytile and concrete block or,- tile, hollow walls of solid masonry units and hollow monolithic concrete walls shall be not less than 12n for load bearing .walls and 8" for non-load bearing walls. One-story private garages and one-story residences may have bearing. and non-bearing walls of hollow tile, concrete block or tile,, , hol.low brick or hollow monolithis plain concrete walls eight (8) inches ,,thick. Section B-219 BOND. All hollow masonry units In a wall shall have all contact surfaces solidly embedded In mortar and laid with a full bond., Where two (2) or more hollow units are used to make up the thickness of a wall the inner and outer courses shall be bonded at vertical intervals not exceeding three (3) courses by lapping at ,least one (1) ,cell completely.. over a cell of the unit below. Section B- 220 BEAM SUPPORTS. For floors above the first . storyp the reinforced concrete tie-team required in Section B- '210shall act as a support for all beams and joists$ to which support the beams and joists- ,shall be anchored in -accordance with Section B-144� Section B-221 ,... PIERS. Hollow tile or concrete block or tile,, except Grade A hollow clay. tilLe and Special Hollow concrete block or tile,, shall not be used for isolated piers,' unless,, the cells are filled with cement grout or concrete and reinforced with not less than four (4) ,,three-eights (3/811) inch bars of sufficient length to be anchored into the foundation. Isolated piers shall be laid up in cement mortar* Section B-20-2 CHASES AND RECESSES. Chases and recesses shall not be out in walls of the above types, but may be built in. No chases or recesses shall be permitted in -fire .walls that will reduce the -thickness below the minimum specified Inthis Code. Reinforced tile lintels over openings made by filling the cells of the hollow units with cement mortar or �conerete and. Anserting reinforcing bars may be used. Such lintels shall , be, eompute& as reinforced concrete beams on the basls � of the enclosed concrete or -mortar. REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS. Section B-923 REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS. The general provisions of ArtielJ6 IS of this Code shall apply to, the design and construction of reinforced concrete walls provided that where any conflict may occur the . provisions of this Article shallLgovern. Reinforced concrete bearing walls shall have a thickness of not less than one-twenty-fifth (1/25) of the unsupported height; provided., that approved buttresses,, built-in eo-linans. or piers may be used in lieu of greater thicknesses, VENEERED WALLS. Section B--224. QUALITY OF MATERIAL. Materials used in veneering of masonry and reinforced concrete walls shall conform in all reapeetB to the requirements for such materialsLin Article .3:6 of this Code. Stone, cellular architectural terra cotta, slab terra. cotta, tile cast stone ashlar or other approved masonry materials used for veneering shall be of' the thicknesses set forth as follows's Stone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e e es s 4, s * 9s 9 not less than 31inehes Cellular architectural terra '_cotta . s . * 0 *_s0 * not less than 5, inches Slab Terra cotta . 00009 . not less: than it In. Brick (Clay,9 concre;e or sand-lime) not less than 2 . inehes Hollow tile . . . . . . . not less than 2 inches Cast stone . . . . . . . . 0 . 00 0s * * s00 * . 0s0,9,* . not less than 2 inches Other approved masohry . . . . . not less than. 3 Inches ,Glass or other vitreous materials used. for ,decorative purposes shall be of a thickness as shall be approved. by the Building Inspector and shall be anchored as required in Section BQ26 In stone ashlart each stone shall have a reasonable uniform ,thickness,, but all stones need not . neeessarily be of the same thickness. Section B_ 225 WORKING STRESSES. The 'maximum allowable compressive stress on the backing of veneered walls, due to combined live and dead loads, shall not exceed those permitted for masonry of the type whi.ch forms such backing. In no case shall the -veneering be considered a part 'of the' wall in computing the strength of bearing walls, nor shall it be., considered a . part of the required thicknes,s of the wall. Section B- 226 ATTACHMENT OF VENEERING. When walls are veneered with brick, hollow tile., cellular architectural terra cotta) slab terra cotta., stone and/or cast stone, the veneering shall* be tied into the backing either by 'a header for every three hundred (300) square inches of wall surface or -by substantialt non-eorrosive metal wall ties spaced not farther apart than one (1) foot vertically and two (8) feet horizon-tally, Headers shall project at least three and three quarters (3 3/411) Inches Into the backing and anchors shall be of substantial pattern* * Tile veneering not more than one (1) inch in thickness with individual units not exceeding1twenty (20) inches in any one dimension and having not more than two hundred (200) square inches of superficial area and having corrugations ,or scorings on the back side thereof, need not be anchored in accordance with the above requirements but shall be cemented solidly to the backing- with cement mortar so as to provide a continuous integral support to the backing. Glass or other vitreous materials used -forveneering- shall be of a qualilty as specified and anchored as approved, by the Building .Inspectorl, and as specified In this Section* GLASS VENEER. z­The minimum thickness. of- glass ,veneer shall be 11/320. The maximum area of a, single' seetion of glass; veneer shall not exceed ten (10) square feet, when not I ' ' more than 15 above the level of the sidewalk, and shall not exceed six (6) square feet where more than 161 abovel,the- level of. the sidewalk directly below. Tli6-, 'maxi.mum,. Jength' bf* any ,,sedtion of glass ven-eer shall be 4& laehes. BACKING FOR GLASS VENEER Glass veneer may be, placed only against substantial, rigid, incombu;tible surfaces of true plane, plumb and itraight. In no ease shall thelbaeking provide less .,rigidity and stability than that provided by one inch thick cement mortar on wire lath secured to studs spaced not more than 12 inches on centers, Studs may be of wood. Wood backing surfaces are forbidden regardless of whether they are fireproofed. SETTING OF GLASS, VENEER. Glass veneer shall be set- only when� the 'back- Ing Is thoroughly dry and after the application of a thorough and uniform approved bond coat. The bond coat shall be such as to effectively seal the portions of the veneer backing to insure against, the absorption, of the vital properties of the mastic cement. An approved mastic cement shall be applied in bulk ,to the wall or to the back surface of the glass veneer, and the glass venee r shall be I applied to the backing with a substantial and unifom-pressure over. Its entire area, sufficient to flatten out the mastic cement bulk to not less than 1/4fl and not more than ,5/811 thic,knessil Sufficient mast cement shall. be applied to insure that at. least 50% of the total -are f the section1s bonded to the backing, �o The bond coat and the mastic cement shall be certified to be of such composition as to insure an approved bond between the two materials, Abutting edges of glass veneer shall be ground square and uniformly buttered with an approved pointing compound. - All horizontal joints shall : be held to a thiekness ,of 1/16" by an approved non-rigid substance 'or device. Where glass veneer extends to the sidewalk surface each such section shall rest on cushions of approved resilient material,, placed so as to insure at least 1/4n clearance above sidewalk. Thejoint. betweer the bottom edge of the glass section and the top of the sidewalk shall be caulked with a resilient waterproof compaund, Where the height of the glass veneer between the sidewalk line.and the sill of showwindow is 1611 high or over,, the glass veneer shall contain at -least one horizontal joint between the.top and bottom edges. In no ease should glass veneer. be set so as to extend below the level of the sidewalk. In eas'e sidewalk is set above the bottom of , glass veneer after glass veneer is in plaeev an expansion joint of not less than 1/4 inch shall be provided between the outer face of the glass veneer and the edge of the sidewalk. This expansion joint space shall be filled with a resilient caulking compound from the level of the sidewalk to a depth of at least 3/4 inch below said level. On all . glass veneer,, starting on a line with the top of the bulk- head facing or at a 'maximum of 36" above the sidewalk line, the-mastic cement binding shall, be supplemented by the use of approved metal shelf angles secured to the'. baeking in a manner satisfactory to the Building * Inspector. Shelf angles shall be of not less than 18 U.S, Gauge and not less than 211 in length. These angles shall be located in the horizontal joints in every second course; however, if two or more -courses total to less than 24% the angles may be set at vertical Intervals, of 24" to, 30". Glass Veneer on the exterior of structures may be used only in accordance with the provisions Of this Code,. Where glass veneer is applied at anelevation. greater than the Bills of the second story windows, the mastic cement, shall be supplemented .by the use of fastenings on each vertical or horizontal edge of each section of veneer. Fastenings shall be secured to the backing by means satisfactory to the Building Inspector. Fastenings shall not- be less than 211 in len* gth,, and shall be of not less than No. 18 U.S. Guageo .Fastenings shall be so designed as to furnish bearing support and also hold the veneer in alverti6aL plane independently of the mastic cement. Where gla ss veneer is confined between non-resilient materials at ends, expansion shall be provided- for by means of an expansion joint at each end of 'not less than 1/4'" throughout the entire height of the , veneer, All abutting edges on theplane face of glass. veneer shall be ground square. Mitres are prohibited except. for . wide angl`�� S*. At terminations of structural glass. installatlonB,, exposed� 'edges are to be flashed water tight with approved metal and .caulked W-ith..wat-erpr000f compound. Section, B-227 HEIGHT OFNENEERED WALLS./ Veneer on masonry orreinforcec concrete walls otherLthan panel walls shall not exceed twenty five . (25) feet in height above foundations or other definite and, secure supports. Where slab terra cotta is anchored by' means of substantial,, non-oorrosive metal ties, spaced as required in SectionB226 , and grounted or cemented solidly with cement mortar to provide a continuous integral support to the masonry backing, and where flat tile is anchored in aceordanee , with the provisions in SectionB226 for tile veneer, this height limit does not apply. Where glass or other vitredus ,materials are used for decorative purposes on walls facing or oVer public streets and arcades which are open to the public, the height, size and anchorage shall be as required by� Sec.tions B-224 and / and as approved by ,the Building Inspector. A-226 Section B-228 FIRE WALLS9 FIRE DIVISION WkLLS AND PARAPET WALLS. Solid masonry, hollow.masonrys land reinforced concrete fire walls shall be not less in thickness -than requi,red .for exterior bearing walls 'of, - , corresponding height but never, less than eight (8) inches thick. Section B-229 PARAPET WALLS. On all buildings, except on, Group E and F buildings two (2) stories or .less in height, all exterior, fire o r party walls shall projeetabove� the roofs as parapets; provided, that where such wall fronts on a street and where the ro-of "eons'truction is entirely of incombustible materials, such parapet wall may be 'omitted. All required parapet walls shall be not less than eighteen (18) inches above the roof immediately adjacent thereto and , whenexcee. din. g, six (6) times their thickness in height shall be ,laterally . slipported. 411 masonry parapet walls shall be ,coped as specified in Section B-210'. Section B-230 BEARING PARTITIONS. All interior bearing walls, which do not extend .through,mo.re than one (1). story, except fire walls, fire division walls .and, party, walls she.11� be considered as bearing partitions. Solid masonry bearing partitions shall be not less than eight '(8) inches thick and those of hollow clay' tile, concrete block or tile or hollow walls of brick shall be not less in thickness than� one-eighteenth (1/18) of the height between floors of. f.loor beams bu' tneverless than - eight (8) inches, Section B-231 NON-BEARING PARTITIONS. Brick non-bearing partitions shall be not less than three and three-fourths (3 3/4), inches thick for a height not exceeding, twelve (12) feet between floors of floor beams or roofs. Non-b'earing partitions of hollow clay tile, concrete block or tile., plain concrete., hollow walls of .brick or gypsum block or other similar materials' shall' be built solidly against the floor and ceil- Ing construction below and above t4w and shall not exceed the following unsupported heights* Thickness Maximum Exclusive Unsupported of Plaster Heights (Inches) (Feet) 8* 3 12 4 15 6 20 � 8 25 *Hleight or lengtrio , "M Solid or hol1ow �non-hearing partitions of reinforced plaster shall have a thickness of not less then one-sixtieth (1/60) of the unsupported height, but never less -than ofte ,and,: one-half (1-1) inches for solid parti- 2 tions nor have a shell thickness of less than threei.-fourths 043) of an inch for hollow partitions:. Such partitions shall have vertical steel or ir.on channels with a depth of not less than one-half (.1) the thickness of the Partition, made of not less I thamnumber twent5-four2 (No. 24) U. S. Gauge metal and spaced not more than twenty-four (24 inches o. c. Solid or hollow non-bearing partitions or reinforced gunite shall have a thickness of not less than one-seventieth R/70) -of. the unsupported height but never less than one and one-half 1 1-��) ilnehes ,for Polid parti- tions nor have a shell thickness of less than three-fourths GD of an inch for hollow partitions.' Vertical channels shall be installed , in gunite � partitions as specified for plaster partitions above. Section B-232. FOUND-4.TICN VhLLS. Solid masonry foundation walls , shall be not less In thickness than ten (10) inches thick unless otherwise specified in Article 21; it is- the intent of this Section that exterior foundation walls shall provide not l.ess than four (4) inch bearing surface for wood joists and eight -(8) -indhes to support unit masonry, or a minimum thickness of twelve (12)' inebes. Section B-23 3. PaNEL AND ENCLOSURE WkLLS. Panel and enclosure walls in skeleton framed buildings ,shall be not less than eight (8) inches thick if of solid. ,brick, hollow clay tile, concrete block or tile, plain concrete or.hollow walls of brick, nor -less than one-twenty-fourth (1/24) the distance between supporting or ,enclosing members4, Panel and enclosure walls of reinforced concrete shall be not less than six (6). inche's thick and sufficlentl� reinforced to resist wind pressure from either direction. Panel and enclosure walls of reinforced gunite shall be not less than four (4) inches thick and shall be reinforced as reQuired for reinforced concrete walls. Enclosure walls shall ' be securely fastened to thd adjoining framing members. When panel or e'nolosure- walls are built monolithic with columns or bearing walls they ma be, reinforced to carry their.own weight. MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS. Section B-234. - ANCHORING OF WALLS. All walls shall be securely anchored and bonded at 'points where they, intersedt and where they abut or adjoint the frame of a skeleton fremed buildin&. When walls are not built at the same time the perpendicular joint shall be regularly toothed with not less than- four (4) inch offsets and the joint shall be provided with anchors not less .than two inches by three-eights inch WX3/80) meta1 with ends bent up not less - than two (2) inches or with cross pins to form anchorage. Such anchors shall be not less than three (3) feet long extending eighteen (18) inches, in from each side of the joint and spaced not more than three (3) feet epartin thedirection of the height of the wall. Reinforcing in concrete walls shall be extended not less than twenty-four (24) .in*ches around all corners and wall intersections. �.ARTICLE 22 ENCLOSURBOF VERTICAL OPENINGS Section B-235. STAIRWILY, R�11P -IdM ELBV,1TOR ENCLOSURES. When stair- ways and/or ramps are required to be enclosed suchencl6sures shall also includea complete passageway not less in width at any part than the re- quired width of such stairway orramp , and such enclosure shall ektend from .. the lowest point to the highest point , require6i. All doors shall be of not less than one-hour fire-resistive donstructionfor Type I construction and the door -construction ma be a solid wood slab door, 'not les-s than one and three-eighths 3/8� inch -thick at all points for D or E occupancy. 0 Walls and partitions enclosing stairways, ramps or elevators shall be not less than two-hour fire-resis' tive construction as specified in SectionB-92 B-1108 for Type I Construction and one hour fire-resistive construction as specified for Type !I construction. See Section B- 113 for dwell ir�gz:�ai-jd garage ,apartments under Group, F Occupancy. Enclosing walls or partition I s around elevators shall be of masonry, conforming to the requirements for partitions based on the type of construct- ion of the building, with not more than two (2) openings for each story. Such openings shall be not wider .than the width of elevator platform and not more th ,n seven (7) feet, six (6) inches In height. Such elevator openings shall be protected *by walls-and doors of not less than one-hour fire-resistive construction. ARTICLE 23. FLOOR CONSTRUCTION. Section B-236. GENERAL. Floor construction shall be of materials and construction as specifiedunder Occupancy and under Types 'of Construction. All floors shall be so framed and tied into the framework and support- ing ,walls as to form and irtagral part of the whole building. Fire-resistive standards of floor construction are specified in Section B- 31020 The type* of floor construction used shall provide means to keep the beams and girders from separating by installing ties or bridging. Section B-237. CONCRETE'�FLOORS. Concrete rib slab ,floor's' ''shall be not less than two and one-half (2D inches - thick and for solid floors shall - 2 be not less than four (411) Inches thick. Topping, when poured monolithic wi'th the slab may be included as a structural part of the slab. Sleepers for the nailing of a wood floor shall not decrease the required structural depth of the slab unless pleced In the direction of span and .then shall not be placed more than one-half Q) inch into the slab. Concrete joists shall be solidly bridged for lateral 2 support as, follows: One row ' of concrete bridging shall be placed in clear spans where- joists are greater -than twenty (20) feet in length, B Section/238. STEEL JOISTED FLOORS. Steel joisted floors shall consist of steel joists as specified in Section B- 202. When used in Type I or Type II buildings they shall have 'a reinforced concrete or gypsum slab not less than two and one-h�if (21) inches thick placed on and secured to the top thereof 2 and a fire-res St,Ve ceiling as specified in Section B-3502 : on the' underside thereof, fully covering. and, protecting the joists; provided when such joists are used In places where unprotected wood joists are permitted the steel joists need not be protected with fAre-resistivematerials as specified above. ,Fire-resistive ceilings as specified in Section B-302 shall, except in the ease of one-hour fire-resistive - construction, be designed and constructed to support a load of not less .than ten (10) pounds per square foot in addition to its own weight. The reinforced concrete or, gypsum slab placed on and secured to the top of the steel joists shall be sufficiently reinforced to support all dead, live and/or other loads between joists. Joists other� than those consisting of a single rolled structural steel section with solid web, shall be securely cross bridged at intervals not to exceed eight (8) feet along the joist length. The lateral unsupported length at the top chord of any steel joist shall not exceed forty (40) times the width of any compression flange. Section B-239. WOOD JOISTED FLOORS. Wood joisted floors shall be framed and constructed andanchored to supporting wood stud or masonry walls as specified in Article '17. :,Vood joisted floors need not be' fire protected on the under side except where specifically required under Occupancy or� Type of Construction. Section B-240. PUBLIC TOILET FLOORS. All floors in Public Toilet Rooms, Lavatories, water closet compartments, or any other inclosure where .Plumbing Fixtures are used within the buildingt shall have a floor and base made of asphalt., glass, marble, vitrified tile,, terrazo or other impervious or non- absorbent material as approved by the Building Inspector. Section B-241, PUBLIC GARAGE AND SERVICE STATION GREASE D DRAINS. Public Garages, Service Stations, Automobile Laundries and all other placesused for the washing, polishing and greasing ,of Automobil-es, shall have' that portion of floor space provided with approved -grease drains or traps as. required by the Plumbing Code of Miami, Shores Village. ARTICLE 24, ROOF CONSTRUCTION AND COVERING* Section B-242. GENERAL. Roof covering shall be as required under Oecupency .,or Types of Construction. Al1roofs' shall be so framed and tied- Into framework and supporting walls as to form an integral part of the whole building, PROTECTION OF SKY LIGHTS- ANDROOFIS. Wherewalls are carried up above the roofs of adjoining buildings, proper means shall be provided and used by the person erecting the walls for the protection of the skylights and roofs, of such adjoininig buildings. Should the owner of. sueh adjoining building refuse permission to have his roofs and skylights protected, such refusal shall be reported in writing to the Building Inspector, 4nd it shall then be the duty of the owner refusing such permission. to make his skylight and roofs safe at his own expense. Such refusal by said owner shall relieve the owner or person erecting the building from any responsibili'ty for damage done to persons and/or property on or within the premises affected, eetion B-243. CONSTRUCTION. The general requirements for construction of floors ,as specified In Article 23shall apply .to roofs. Reinforced concrete slabroofs shall be constructed. as specified ln �Article 18 �Roof trusses shall have all joints well fitted and shall have all tension members well tightened before any load is placed on the truss. Diagonal and sway bracing shall ,be used to -brace all roof trusses. The allowable working stresses of material in -trusses shall be% as'_11spe'eified in Articles 17 and 19. The minimum net *section of the,I members after framing shall be used in aetermining the strength of the. truss, at any point. Roof raf ters shall. be anchored ah d'. shall be bf a- as ced specified "in Secti.on.s B-145 B-147 and B-14B. " An air space of not less than eighteeni (18) inches measured from the top of the ceiling joists to the ,.bottom' of *the roof rafter shall be required on the "flat-deek" type roof construction, toiprovide ventilation. Section B-244. DESIGN. The design of the- roof construction shall -be Inlaccordanee with engIneeriag- regulations for the materials used. �Seetion B-245. ROOF COVEMINGS. Roof covering shall be requited over all. combustible roof constructionmand shall be of one of the elasses- specified in. Sectiong B-245-304-305 306. Section B-246. ACCESS TO ROOF. All buildings shall have access provided to the attic spamand _throug�h the roof. by means of a stairway or permanent ladder ora scuttle., The openings provided through the ceilings for such access to the attic sVace and ,through the roof shall be not less than two feet by three feet (2 xZ1 ) and shall I be located in the hallway or corridor of all- buildings except Group ,E and F. � All scuttles shall be securely kept in place by hooks -or -bolts Scuttles in roofs shall -have the -top and edges covered, with an approved J;combustible material, provided however,, -that this shall not prohibit such top and edges. being cov—dred with the same roofing as is required for the capping sheet . of the roof coveringe Types II and III buildings;, one, or two stories in height shall have scuttle -holes into the attic space which are not less than eighteen (18) inches square. Section B-247. ROOF DRAINAGE. All flat roofs shall be provided with metal water downspouts, which shall be connected by pipes below surface to the street gutter. 'Where water Is not drainedinto the at-reet gutter or storm sewer, a sump of not less than three feet by three feet (31x3l ) and of not ,less than four (4) feet In depth shall, be required, said sump -noi to be placed closer than three (3) feet from footing. Detached dwellings may be exempt from the requirements of this Section at the discretion of the Building Inspect- or. The cross section or diameter of roof downspouts shall be determined by the total areaof the roof to be drained in accordance with the Plumbing Code of Miami Shores Village. VVEEP HOLES. Where roof deckis --enclosed :by parapet walls weep-holes of equal area as, required for 'downspouts, shall be provided' fort overflow in event roof drain becomes clogged. ARTICLE 250 STAIRS RAMPS Section B-248. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. All exits as. required for build- Ings in this Code shall eomply, with. the requirements_.sppeifi.ed in this Article f or a stairway or ramp., Wherever stairways. are mentioned. , ramps may be substituted when constructed as specified"An Section B- '25,7,, 1 ,'A1l stairways shall be constructed of ,materials permiti'ed for floors as specified under Types of' Construction for that type of building in which suchstairways are - located, except as specified in Sections B-261. All stairways or wood construct- ion shall be protected on the under side by not lessthan one-hour fire-resist- -ive construction as specified In Article 35, Metal stairways entirely enclosed as specified in this krtiele shall not be required ,to be fireproofed as, required for floors. The provisions of ,this Article shall, not apply to Group F buildings except as specifically stated in Seetions .-B' 2,1-gand B-269, Elevators and escalators sball not be Included in the calculations of the number of stairways required* Revolving 'do'ors shall not be considered in calculating exit requirements* Section B-249. GENERAL DESIGN. All stairways and all platforms., land- ings and balconies forming a part of such stairway shall be designed to sustain an assumed live load of, not .less than one hundred (100) pounds per square fat. There shal1be no variation in the width of --treads inany flight and the variations In heights of risers in. any fl ight : shall not exceed three- sixteenth (3/16) of an Ilnch. All treads shall have a nosing of not less than one (1) 'inch. The surface material of staIr treads 'and ,landings shall be such as not to involve danger of slipping. An arrangement of treads' known as. winders shall be p�ermitted in Group F buildings or for monumental stairways which- are not serving as a- required means of exit but In no case shall any tread have a width at any point less than (8) inches exclusive of nosing. Stairways and I ntermediate landings shall -continue wit.h' no decrease - in width along the direction of exit travel,, ' and not more than two (2) stairways may be combined at the second floor level with such combined width extending to the first floor level, provided that no lessthan two (2) stairways , shall extend from the second floor level to the first floor or street level, Note: (This section shall not prohibit exterior fite .bboapoe-.-..as �"pr-ot.idedin Section B- 261 . section B-250. ARRANGEMENT AND ACCESS. In two story buildings scuttles not less than two feet by. three feet (21x3l ) shall be provided to and through the roof, Stairways leading to roofs of buildings shall have signs conspicuous- ly placed with letters not less than four (4) inches In height. indleating- such access at the ground floor level* All stairways shall lead to the street directly or by means of a yard, court or fire-resistive passageway having a width at least equal tothe aggregate widths of all the exits discharging into it; provided, they lead directly to a street,, alley or front .of the building and are provided with a balcony on the exterior of the building not less than three -(3) feet wide and five (5) feet long. Such balcony shall be constructed of Incombustible materials and when the floor of such balcony is located more than twelve .(12) feet above the sidewalk directly below, . such balcony shall be equipped with an approved counter-balanced statrway, or ladder*, Where stairways discharge through the fire-resistive passageways such passageways shall be not less than seven (7) feet in e.lear height and with- a width at least equal to the stairway or stairways ,served by such passageways, All openings into such passageways shall be protected by one-hour fire.-resist- ive doors as specif ied in Section B- 303. All exits shall be so arranged asIto make clear the direction of egress to the exterior of the building and shall be so located that they are readily accessible and visible. When not visible to all occupants,, adequate signs shall be provided to indicate their location. For buildings with sleeping rooms and schools, exits shall be so arranged that it Is possible to go in, either direction at any point In a corkidor . to an exit. Stairways shall abut on .n.ot more than one side of an elevator enclosure. No portion of any buildin shall be more than one hundred fifty, (150) feet (along the line of trav6ffftom the . nearest exit, and no corridor exit door shall be more than one -hundred feet (1001 ) (measured along the line , of travel) from the nearest exit. InGroup D buildings all doors providing, egresB frompublic hallways and all doors provi.ding egress from the building shall open- In the direction of exit travel. Section ,B-951. DOORS. Doors shall not o I en 'immediately on a flight of �p stairs but on a landing at least equal to the width of the door. Doors giving ,aceess to stairways shall swIng. with' the direction of exit travel. Vartical . sliding doors and rolling shutters shall not be used. There shall be, no obstructions on stairways or landings nor to -the full swing of doors. Swinging doors in their swing shall not reduce the effective width of stairways or landings to less than thirty (30) inches nor when open interfere with the full use of the stairs, All doors in exit enclosures or providing access to exterior stairways shall be self-closing and be ,.kept normally closed and shall be­ot, �ot less than one-hour f Ire-resistive construction as specif ied in Section Bl-� 303 . except that doors facing a street and at Street level may be unprotected wood. All doors shall be constructed and installed in a workmanlike and tight fitting manner, All doors used in connection with exits shall be so arranged as to be readily opened from the side from which egress Is made or from both sides when the building Is occupied. Locks if. provided shall not be locked while t e building is occupied. B Section 252. RAILINGS. All stairways shall have walls or well secured balustrades or guards on each side and handrails shall be placed on at least one side of every stairway and for stairways exe0eding fortyfour (44) inches in width shall have handrails placed on each side,. Stairways over seven (7) feet wide shall be. provided with one or i more continuous intermediate handrails, substantially supported and the number and position of intermediate handrails shall be such that there is not more than sixty-six (66) inches between adjacent handrailso Handrails and railings shall be' ' placed thirty (30) inches above the nosing of treads and ends of handralls shall be r'eturned 'to the wall. All handrails shall be constructed to , withstand the pressure of. sixteen (16) �pounds per lineal foot applied t0L the handrail. All handrails shall be- securely fastened to the "Wall.� and., there: shall be- a clearanee.,behindi,every handrail of not less than one :and one-half (1-1) inch at "every point* section B-253. LIGHTING. Every stairway or other means of exit into corridors and passageways appurtenant thereto shall . be providedmith an . adequate system of lighting, either natural or artificial. Lights in the exit signs shall be kept burning at all times ,that the building served by such stairways or exits is being used or occupied. Section B-254. DET-�JLED REQUIREMLNTS. Stairways and landings, returns and passageways serving such stairways shall be not less than forty-four (44) inches wide; except, that for dwellings and when serving mezzanines or not more than one family or one apartment in buildings not exceeding two stories in height the required width may ,be reduced to not less than three (3) feet. ,' All such widths shall be clear of all obstructions; excep ., t that handrails attached to walls may project within the required width not more than three and one-half (31) inches at each side when the stairway Is forty-four (44) 2 or more inches in width and on one side when the stairway width is less than forty-four (44) inches. If newells project above tops of rails a minimum clear width of not less than that specified In this paragraph shall be provided between the face of the newell and the face of the wall or newell opposite. The rise of stairways shall be not more than seven and one-half (7-21) inches and the tread exclusive of the nosing not less than ten (10) inches (maXimum pitch 37 degrees) s and there shall be not more than seventeevi(17) riseri in any one run between landings; provided,that stairways in dwellings -and stairways serving mezzanine floors may have a rise of not more than eight (8) Inches and a tread exclusive of the nosing of not less than nine (9) inches. 4--ules governing construction of apartment houses and restaurants, as promulgated by the Hotel Commission of the State of Florida, governing occupancies, prohibit more than thirteen ,(13) risers without a platform or platforms. LANDING. At the top and bottom of every flight of stairs there shall be a proper landing, which shall be level in every part and- on the same level as the floors of the building which they serve; shall have a length of not less than forty-four (44) Inches, and a width of not less than the widest flight connected thereto with a minimum of forty-four (44) inches. Width and length of. all quarter landings shall be not -less than the required width of the widest flight connected thereto. The length of that part of any floor landing in front of 'the ascending or descending . flights connecting therewith, or both of them, except, at the exit level, shall be regulated in the same manner as a half landing, and the landing at the exit level shall be not, less than four (4) feet in length; provided., however, the size of any landing over which a door swings shall be such that an are with a radius equal to the width of the door plus the minimum required width of any connected flight, using the door hinge as a center.' shall clear the newell. post or the wall- framing. Section B-255. STAIRWAY ENOLOSURES. (a) Enclosed interior stairways shall be constructed in accordance with Articles 2� and 35 and shall be of not less than one hour fire-resistive construction. (b) Outside stairways shall be constructed as required in Section B- 261 (e) Monumental stairways leading only from the street floor level to the mezzanine floor and second floor and which do not constitute required means of exit in public buildings or stores shall be exempted from the enclosure requirements. (d) Exit enclosures shall not be used for storage In any manner whatsoever and shall not contain any material or equipment liable to cause f�re, explosion or panic. At the top of ev ery stairway enclosure a ventilating skylight with a horizontal area of notless than eight (8) square feet shall be installed as specified in' Section 'B-�63 , or in .lieu of such skylight an�-equivalent window opening glazed with plain glass may(be 3rovided in the' penthouse walls. . Fixed openings not less than five hundred 500 square inches in area shall be provided at the top of each stairway enclosure for ventilation. All parts of every stairway shall be kept in perfect repair at all times; sufficiently lighted by either natural or artificial lighting; no mirror shall be placed or maintained in any stairway at any time; and nothing shall be built or placed in any manner or location so that it will conceal any s tairway door. Section B-256. STAIRWAYS REQUIRED. The number of stairways provided for each use or becupancy shall be as required in- the following tabulation for story buildings. ilhere the entire building is sprinkled in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 the allowable areas tabulated below may be increased thirty-three and one third '(33 1/3) per cent. Elevators shall not be included in the cal:ulations of the number of stair- ways required.. Allbuildings, except Group F buildings shall have not less than two (2) stairways from each floor. �The number of required stairways for Group A, B and 'O buildings is specified in Sections B, 26, 36 and 46 respectivelye NOTE: Basic area, for�'computing required humber of stairways; provided, howevdr the distance of travel specified in Section B-250 shall not be violated., BA S I C AREA FOR CULIP-OTING REC�, UMED yMaBIM OF STAIJEHd�4ffS Llaxim,= Aireas for Type I Buildings No. of Stairways ReqLLired, Group D Buildinss Group E Buildings t Up to 12000 Up to 9006 3 LTp to 2,5000 Up to 00000 1�1 Tip td' 410000 Up' to 30600 t U- 1"mrlmf zmv�x FOR T YR& I I B I L 7 1�G,33�cL. Zt 2 Up to 12,000 up to 9000 3 U p,�to 24000 up to 17000 4 Up to 38000' Up to '26000 EXCEPTIONS:: Group D-In automobiles storage garages . - Gon -o -,ound floor to� top floor Is where a system of ramps tinuo' -s: from the gi used. to, transport autoriobilp.i' fro-ni -floor 'to floor, the� number of stair- wpcys required shall be not less than'one-half' that shown in the above tabulation* Section B-257. RA��TS. Wherever stairifia'ys are required by this Code., ramps w.ith, a slo—penot greater than one , (l) ,foot in eight (8) feet mav be substituted. Ramps shall' comply with all. ther6quirements , for stairways, as to cons-trubtioAj width, enclosures'., landi-n' r'r lighting and ventilation. Ramps shall be surfaced with-an approved non-slip material. andrails shall not be required where the slope of the ramp is less than one - (1) , foot in, ten (10).-feete' Section B-258. SIGNS AND LIGHTTI]IG'. Signs having white .JiEjits not less than five (5) in- ch7es—highl -on a sre'en field indicating locat�onof. exits shall be provided -not only at the exit but at other points in the buildiiiC wherever necessary to, cle�-Arly, indicFt I e�:the*- direction of egress . Lights shall be kept Vqrniiiig 'dur I T", all, times th at the ,�building is used or occupied ., AW Sectioi B-259�. AD CORPIDORS. Every building Shall be—constructed so that on e (1) main corridor� on 'each floor shall be at le ast forty-two �(-62) inches �in clea*r Width and the width of' any such corridor . w1hich serves I more than twelve , (121 ) rooms shall �be increased, at the rate of one (1) inch -for each additional room up' to a maximum width of six (6) feet;, provided such main coriffior on e ach floor .shall run through to the,,;butside" wall—at each: .-end or it. ma - at right angles turn at either or both ends., provided the dist.ance from the vilain hall' to the outside wall at any point 'is not Luiore than the. depth of the room facing- the ,outside., of the building, and provided further that the, main corridor., so turned, shall extend to an exterior :wall adjacent to a street.,, alley or court, and that a door or window shall be .providod in the said hall at the end of the main corridoro Section B-260. EXCEPTIOW'S. Stairways in Group F buildings, stairways serv -ag only one apartment. not above. the second floor level or stairways le'ading to; mezzanine floors rot .exceedip.g one, thousca nd ,(1)000) , square feet in area' are exempted 'from the width,, rise., tread and enclosure Provisions of this Article but-in no case shall such stairways, ,-have a rise of- more. than eight (8) inches , and a tread exclusive of the 'nosing -ie of less than nii (9) incheso . Section B-261, OUTSIDE STAIRWAYS. Outside stairways of the return platform or straight run type may be used as a required means of exit for buildings., but in,.,no, case shall such stairways constitute more than fifty (50) per cent of the required .exit capacity, All outside stairways shall be located so as to 'lead :directly to a street or alley or to a yard directly connected with a street, or alley* 'The stairways., landingst platformb -and balconies shall �.be construcb. ed as specifiedfor�_atairways .ln this Artiole,, . except that they.,-shall be of incombustible mate'rials' througbout; Structural metal shall -'be not less than one-quartd.r Q), inch thick and shall be so framed as to permit ready access, for inspection and paintingo� All windows and other openings adjacent to such stairways shall be provided with fixed metal covered sash and frames and wire glass or be provided with shutters or doors of one-hour fire-resistive con- struction as specified In Article 35 Nothing contained herein shall prohibit the construction of masonry exterior stairs, landings or platforms for Type F occupancy, ARTICLE 26* DOORS9 WINDOWS AND SKYLIGHTS. Section B-262* DOORS AND WINDOWS. Fire doors where required shall be as specified in Section B- 305 U3 -such doors shall be self- closing and if not kept normally closed shall be arranged to close automatioal- ly with the fusing of an approved fusible links Windows required to have metal frames shall be constructed either of steel or wrought iron rolled shapes or of hollow galvanized sheet iron as specified in Section B- 303 PLATE GLASS WINDOWS. Plate glass windows., except minor transoms,, facing on-p0blic-streets or arcades,, set in any first floor exterior wall,, shall be not less than one-fourth (20) inch in thickness 47 , shall be not more than ninety-one (91) square feet (maximum of eighty-four (8411) inches in height and one hundred and fifty-six (15611) inches in length) in size without approved division bars, and shall be set in approved non-corrosive metal sett- ing* If wood sill is used it shall be covered with, the same approved quality of non-corrosive metal.. side rails shall be securely fastened with non-corro- sive screws into side jambs of not less than one and one-eighth by three and one.-half (1 1/8 x 3.10) inches and such jambs shall be securely fastened to the masonry wall with not less than three-eighth (3/80) Inch expansion bolts., ,or approved steel screw nails, not more than four (4) feet apart.,, and when such jambs are attached to wood members they shall be securely nailed or bolted in an approved mannere When wire glass is required, it shall mean glass the thickness of which at the thinnest point shall not be less than one-fourth (J,11�) of an inch and in which a wire netting is embedded, Wire glass shall be set with putty and metal stops* STORM SHUTTERS* All buildings now existing or hereafter erected shall be req�_�ed=5 Eave7pproved storm shutters, eapable �of withstanding a wind pressure of at least thirty (30) pounds per square foot, for openings on that portion of the building facing public streets or other pablie places, as a protection to the public from flying debris during windstorms; the con. struction and anchorage of which shall be approved by the Building Inspector* -Suitable place for storage of, these shutters shall be provided on the premises or any place of easy access where they may be transported to the site within a reasonable time after notification of an impending windstorm. It is not the intent of this Section to require that minor window, openings, or solid doors which are provided with substantial bolting, or stand- ard windows in a high and inaccessible place not readily reached from the ground level, to be so protected; however, large windows, plate glass windows, and openings of similar, charact6r shall be protected especially in business areas where the public gathersifor transaction of business and where the pre. servation of such structures is deemed, essential for the public good., It Is not the intent of this Section to require residences of Group E and F Occupancy or -other minor buildings in areas outside of busi- ness centers., to ,be so protected- however, such protection is recommended as a preservation for the strueture ,and a safeguard against flying debris during such windstorms* Section B-263* SIMIGHTS. All skylights constructed with , metal frames shall be suVs—tantially built with interlocking seams*' All skylights., the glass of which is set at an angle of less than forty-five (45) degrees from the horizontal,,, if located .above the first story., shallbe set at least one (1), foot above the roofo The curbs on which the skylight rests shall" be constructed of incombustible materials . Wire glassis re.quired for all skylights and the size shall not exceed seven hundred and.'twenty (720) square inches in area or forty- eight (48) Inches in any dimension in ari7 one panel* Skylights installed for the use of photographers may be con- structed of galvanized metal frames �and� plate glass without wire netting* .Ordinary gl ass may be used in the roofs and skylights for' non- commercial greenhouses, provided the height of the greenhouse at, the ridge does not ezeeed.fifteen (15) feet above the grade*�_:Th& -,use of wood in the frames of-, ilrylights will not be Permitted ingreenho.uses, but galvanized metal frames' and ,galvanized met' - S al sash bar shall be used* ARTICLE 270 BAYS AND BALCONIES. Section B.264* CONSTRUCTION* Construction of walls and floors in bay and oriel windows shall c nform. to the construction allowed for exterior walls and floors of the Type of construction of the building to which .they are attached* The roof covering of a bay or oriel window shall conform to the requirements for roofing of the main roof of the building* All exterior balconies attached to or supported by masonry wal3s shall have brackets or beams constructed of steel - concrete or other incombustible material# All railings for balconies or porches shall ,not be less than three feet and six inches (3160) in height above. the floor of such balcony or pore.he . Balconies or porches shall be designed to support; in addition to their .own weight, a live load of not less than one hundred (100) pounds per . square foot* Railings of balconies shall be designed to support .a horizontal thrust of not less than twenty (20) pounds per lineal, foot of railing uniformly distributed. along its length* ARTICLE 28. PENTHOUSES AND ROOF STRUCTURES Section .B-265. PENTHOUSES AND ROOF STRUCTURES* Bulkheads or penthouses, when used only for the purpose o? enclosing staircases on roofs., elevator machineryt water-tankss ventilating apparatus; exhaust chambers or other machinery shall be oonsidered .in determining the height of the building but shall not be considered an extra story* T4e. aggregate area of all �penthouses and other roof structures shall not exceed twenty (20) per cent of the area of the roof. No pent. house., bulkhead or any other similar projection above the roof shall be used for manufacturingo business$ habitation., � offlees orstorage., except that they shall be permitted to be used for scientific observation, Roof structures of Type I and 11 buildings shall be const I ructed with floors$ walls and roof as required for the main portion ofthe build.. ingo Section B-266o TOWERS AND SPIRES. Towers or spires 'when en- closed shall have exterior walls as reTar—ed for the building to which theyare attached. Towers not enclosed and which extend more than thirty- five (35) feet above grade shall have their framework constructed of steel or reinforced concrete. No tower or spire shall occupy a base area ex. oeed,"sixteen hundred , (10600) square feet unles§ conforming entirely to the Type of Construction requirments of the building to which it is attached and being limited in height as a main part of ,the building. If the area of the tower or . spire exceeds one hundred ,,(100) square feet at any horizontal cross section, its supporting frame, shall, extend directly to the ground.�� I The ,roof- c-overing of_�spires ,�shajl' be as required for the main roof of the ,rest of the structure. 'Skeleton towers used as wireless masts and placed on the roof of any building shall ba- constructed entirely of incombustible materials and shall be directly supported on an incombustible framework to the ground. They shall be ,designed to withstand a wind load*Xrom any direction as specified in Artidle 19 in additionto any other loadse ARTICLE 294. CHIMMEYS AND HEATING APPARATUS section B-267. Chimneys shall be constructed in conformity with "A Standard Ordinance for Chimney Constructionff recommended by the National Board, of Fire Underwriters, Fifth Edition., �revised 1935., or as subs.equently revised., except as specified in .this, Artiele, All chimneys shall be designed in accordance with the Engineerin& Seotion of this Codeo coke The walls of all chimneys whether used for appliances using coal.,, ., wood., gas or oil shall be built of brick., doncrete., stone, hollow tile or clay, chimney blocks; excepting that all fireplaces and ehimneys . for' . Type E and F buildings shall be built of back-up brick and provided., .that a �metal smokestack as specified in Section B-238,may be used. Flue linings shall be made of fire clay or other suitable refrac- tory clays adapted to withstand reasonably .high. temperatures and flue gases and shall have a softening point not lower than nineteen hundred and ninety- four (1994) degrees Fahrenheit* Flue linings shall be not less than five- eighths (5/8) of an inch in thickness . and shall be built in as -the outer walls, of the chimney are constructed. All joints, and spaces between the masonry and lining shall be 'thoroughly slushed and grouted full as each course of masonry is laid. Crackeds broken -ot otherwise defective linings shall not be used. Flue linings shall start from a point not less .than eight (8) inche's below the center line of smoke pipe intakes or in- the case of fireplaces from the apex of the smoke chamber and shall be continuous to a point not less than six (6) inches. above the enclosing walls* The walls of brick chimneys shall be not less than eight (8 inches thick and shall be lined, All brick work Bhall �belaid with full mortel joints and shall be struck smooth where exposed to the weathe.r. No mortar lining shall be permitted* Brickset on edge shall not be permitted in chimney construction* Concrete chimneys cast in place shall be suitably. reinfor I ced vertically and horizontally* The walls . shall be not less'- than eight (8) inches thick and shall have a flue. liningas specified in this Section.- Chimneys shall extend at least three (3) feet above flat roofs and not less than two (2) feet above the� ridge of gable and hip roofs or� , the high point of mansards nearest thereto* * Chimneys shall be built upon reinforced concrete foundations properly proportioned to carry the weight imposed without settlement or cracking* The chimney shall -carry no load except its own weight and such load shall be transmitted to the foundation in such 'manner as to prevent the shearing or falling off of any part of the chimney, Flues shall be built -as nearly. vertical as possible and in no case at an angle greater than' thirt,y (50)- degiees from the vertical* When flues 'become too large for fire clay flue lining such flues shall be lined with fire brick, for a distance ,.a. t least twenty-five (25) feet from the point of intakeo There shall be but one connection to a flue irrespective of whether the fuel used be coal., coke., wood or oil. Ordinary and low pressure heating devices burning solid' fuels shall have 'a mihimum' effective flue area of not less' than' the following., and such area shall "be provided� by a flue having its shortdimensions not less �, t han two-third6 (2,73) the long dimensions. X6 Small ' spec.1al stovesand heaters 28 sq. inches Stoves; ranges . and heaters . & * 40 sq* inches Fireplaces (at lent 1/12 the fireplace opening) . . 50 sqo inches Warm Air furnaces, steam and hot water boilers*, . 70 sq. inches All flues to which large ranges, heatIng furnaces, boilers automatic gas water heaters or fireplaces are to be connected shall1be subjected to a smoke test before acceptance but the test shall not be made until- tbe mortar' has thoroughly season6do Such test shall be made by the mason 'contractor in 'the presence of the Building Inspector* Section B-268. SMOKESTACKS Masonry smokestacks (whether radial or of other shapes,) construeNd for high �temp' eratures, Incinera- ' torss Boilers's Power" Plants' ' and other: 4eavy indu trial useashall conform to :a reco�Taized, Engineerin*g-.' Standard for su' -oh. cons.t,ruction for the par- ticular use intended, shall conform to the requirements of Articles 16.,18,19 of this Code for wind stresses and to the Engineering Sections of this Code for masonry, and shall comply with. the requirements of Article '20 of this Code as to foundation and soil loading* Steel or iron smokestacks may be used in place of brick chimneys, specified in Seetion -B-267s in which case the thickness of the metal shall not be less than one-fourth (TD of an inch* Such stacks when used for manufacturing., high pressure boilerss furnaces or other similar heating ,or manufacturing appliances shall be lined with fire brick for a �dlstance of not less than twenty-five (95) feet from the place where the smoke pipe enters and shall be protected on the outside up to and through the roof of the building with eight (8) inches of masonry or a metal shield which prpvides an eight ' (8) .inch ventilated air space between such shield and the steel or iron stack; ppovideds that a metal smokestack when located inside of a vent shaft having masonry enclosing walls not less than el.ght inches thick and having an air . space between the walls and the stack on all sides may have such masonry or metal -shield protection omitted* SMOKESTACKS SUPPORTS. All stacks shall be properly' guyed when the heig1it' of the�stack excieds ten 0Q) times its least diameter. Guys to be secured to three way split collar on stack* At least one round turn on collar boit and twisted back on standing part of wire with loose end secured by dlampse Wire not lesz � than one-quarter (I,) inch pliable stranded plough steel of good quality* Bottom end of wiie at deadman equipped with setup turn ,buckle* SMOKESTACK CONSTRUCTiONIR Smokestacks constructed of not less than numbe-F—te-n-711u). U. S. Gauge steel, with either welded or riveted jointss may ,be mounted directly upon industrial.. heating and/or 'power boilers which are designed to support the stack load* A. clearande of not less than six (6) inches shall be maintdined at all times around ' such smokestacks and any inflammable material within twelve (12) inches of such smokestacks shall' be protected by one-fourth (T3 ) ,of an inch of asbestos covere.d .by sheet metal* Stacks not more than twelve (12) inches in diameter and not higher than fifteen- (15) feet shall be constructed of not less than twenty (20) gauge U. S. -Standard' Sheet iron. Stacks larger :than twelve (12) Inches in diameter and not higher than thirty (30) feet shall be - constructed of not less than sixteen (16) gauge U* S. Standard Sheet Iron* Section B-269. FIREPLACES4 All fireplace walls shall be of brick not less than eight- (8) .inches thick. The faces of all such minimum thicknes's walls e%posed to fire shall be lined with fire brick s soap stone., cast iron or other suitable - fire-resistive material, When lined with four W� inches of fire brick such lining may be ifteluded in the required minimum thicknesse All fireplaces shall be connected to a regulation chimney. as specified in Section B-267, All fireplaces and chimney breasts shall have ttimmer arches or other approved fire-resistive construction supporting hearths* The arches hearths shall be not less than twenty (20) inches wide measured from the face of the chimney breast and not less than (12) inches wider than thefireplace opening on each side, The arches shall be of brick or stone not less than (4) inches thick* A flat stone, or reinforced concrete slab may be used to carry the hearth Instead of an arch if it be properly sumorted and -a suitable fill provid shall be. bf -bricks stone., tile or a led between it and the hearth* Hearth'a onerete* Wood centering under a trimmer arch shall be removed after the masonry has thoroughly set. False fireplaces for gas or electrical heaters shall not be constructed in imitation of fireplaces unless complying with all the requirements for fireplaces* Gas and electrical space heaters may be installed in recesses not more than six (6) inches In depth., provided the entire recess is constructed of Incombustible materials Such re- cesses shall be labeled by means of a metal plate bearing the words "For Gas andElectrical Appliannee-Only". Nothing herein shall prohibit placing a gas, ,or electric space heater in a regularly constructed fire- place and chimney- such equipment however., shall be protected from down- draft and moisture from the chimney. No heater burning solid or liquid fuel shall be placed in a fireplace which does not comply with the requirments of this Sections No such heaters shall 'be connected to ,a gas vent flue. No wood shall be placed within eight (8) inches of the jambs or within , twelve (12) inches of the top or arch of any fireplace openings Section B-270* WARM AIR FURNACES. Warm air furnaces designed to burn solid or liquid fueT shall be en ed in a double metal shield with an air space between and shall be protected with at least three (3) inches of sand on top and shall rest on masonry or concrete floors* No wood partitions shall be built within seven (7) feet of the front or four (4) feet of the sides of the outer shield of such furnaces but the distance to the partitions at the side may be reduced to two� (21 feet if they are covered with .sheat metal or asbestos paper ofinot less than one quarter (-C3 ) inch In thickness with the edges and joints covered with twenty-six (26) Us St Gauge galvanized iron., or metal lath and cement ,plaster* The distance from the top shield of such furnace to any ceiling or framing of wood above shall be not less than twenty-four (24) inches unless such wood ceiling or framing is protected with not less than one. hour fire-resistive constructions Every furnace designed to burn solid or liquid fuel or gas shall set upon a masonry flo6r: or be placed on a bed of not less than four (4) inches of maponry., - and every portion thereon including the smokepipe shall be at least two (2) feet from any combustible material or such combustible material shall be protected by a covering of number twenty-four (24) us S. gauge galvanized iron, furred with metal furring not less than one and f 3. one-hal T-�As) inches from such .00mbustible construetion.9 or shall be entirely covered by ,one-bour fire-iresistive construction. Any, such furnace set In brick shall be dompletely and tightly covered with at least four (4) inches of ,brick, concrete., tile, sand or a combination of such materialso Every such furnace shall be connected to a regulation chimney as specified in Seotion 'B.267,0- An' air supply for combustion shall be provided for every warm air furnace* Such supply shall' be from outside the building into the furnace space through one or more openings. Such opening's shall have a net area of not less than four -hundred (400) square inches, No ob- struetions .of any kind shall be placed over such in a except wire protective netting with openings not less than on NO inch square over bronze screening* Air used for conveying heat and for ventilation may be taken from outside the building, from inside the building or from both sources. Where such air is taken from inside the building or from both inside and outside the building it shall be conducted to the furnace by means of duets of incombustible material. The floor of the furnace room if below grade shall be not less than seven (7) feet in the clear ' below the, bottom of the lowes t joists of any floor under which laterdl-1heat pipes from the furaace or furnaces are takenj where furnace is located in an enclosed furnace room, ceiling In such room shall be protected by not leas than one-hour fire-resistive construction. Vherefurra ee is located in an open basement or cellar, the ceiling immediately over the furnace and not leas than three (3) feet on all sides., shall,.be protected by not less than one-hour fire-resistive construction, Section B-271. BEAT ING PLANTS. Hot water or Steam heating plants carrying not more than fifteen (15) pounds pressure., and hot water heaters using solid or liquid fuel., .shall rest upon masonry or reinforced concrete floors and shall be protected on the outside by asbestos. The clearance of wooden partitions, ceilings and other combustible mater. ials shall be the same as given for warm air furnaces* Each such hot water heater shall be vented into a regulation chimneye Section B-272* BOILERS. Boilers for heating power or indus. trial purposes shall be so located that no wood or other combustible material shall be less than five (5) feet from the top or sides or ten (10) feet from the front of such apparatus and all combustible material less than ten (10) feet from the top or sides or less than .twenty (20) feet from the front shall be protected with at least four (4) Inches of concrete, brick or other similar incombustible material and shall be well ventilated to prevent the temperature rising above one hundred and twenty- five (125) degrees Fahrenheit* Steel,, cast iron or concrete columns ad- jacent to such boilers shall not be in direct contact with furnace setting but there shall be an open unobstructed space at least four (4) Inches wide for ventilation* Section B-273* STOVES. All stoves used for heatings cooking or laundrT. purposes using solid or liquid fuel shall have all combustible partitions in back of and extending not less than twelve (12) inches beyond each side of such stove protected by not less than one-hour fire- resistive construction as specified In Article 349 Such stoves shall be securely supported at least ,twelve (12) Inches above any wood floors by metal supports and there shall be a metal and asbestos pad at least three-eighths (3/8) of an inch thick below such stove extending at least six (6) inches beyond each side and at least twelve (12) inches in front of such stove* Such stoves shall not be placed nearer than six (6) inches to any combustible partitionse All such stoves shall be connected by a smoke pipe to a chimney meeting the requirements as specified in Section B-267* Section B-274* GAS RANGES, DOMESTIC WATER HEATERS P.ND HOT PLXTES. Bas rangess domestic hot water heaters and hot plates shall- be suppffte2j least six (6) inches above any wood floor or other combustible material and ,where burners are not provided with a shield below, the wood or other combustible material shall be protected with a double metal shield and with a one (1) inch air space between or with a one-half ff") Inch pad of metal and asbestos* Combustible partitions or walls within six (6) Inches of any such appliance shall be protected by one-fourth of an inch of asbestos covered with a twenty-six (26) gauge metal covering or shall have not less than a one-hour fire-resistive protection as specified in Article 54'0 Combustible materials shall be at least three (3) feet above such In- stallation* The oven of ranges and all water heaters shall be connected to a vent pipe meeting the requirements of Section B-268 or to a regulation chimney as specified in Section B-,,,:,167* Section B-275* GAS RANGES FOR RESTAURANTS. Gas ranges for restaurants or bakeries sHall be I a-upported FE I-e-a-s-f-six (6) inches above any wood floor and If less than twelve (12) inches above the floor, the wood shall be protected by a metal shield or such ranges may rest on a steel and masonry support* Such ranges shall not be placed nearer to any wood partitions or other combustible material than six (6) inches and if nearer thantwelve (12) Inches,, such partitions shall be protected with a metal or asbestos shield* The distance from any such range to any wood ceiling or other combustible material above shall not be less than twelve (12) inches; and if less than three (3) feet, the ceiling or combustible material above shall be protected with a double metal shield with one (1) Inch air space between or with one, (1) inch of metal lath and Portland cement plaster or one (1) Inch of asbestos* Hood and ventilating flues from such ranges may be of sheet metal or masonry and if of sheet metal shall be protected from all wood or other combustible materials by four (4) inches of concrete, gyp- 8 or terra eotta tile or an eight (8) Inch air space and a metal shield. Such ventilating flues shall not be carried through wood floors or up eam- bustible, partitions unless protected by at least four (4) inches of masonry or concrete* Section B-276. OIL BURNERS. Stoves, furnaces and other heating or power apparatus In whie-h--o-il—burners are Installed shall be constructed and erected as required for similar apparatus using solid fuel. Oil burning apparatus using commercial fuel oil., furnace oil,, diesel oil or other inflammable liquids shall be constructed and installed in compliance with the regulations of the National Board of Fire Underwriters forthe construction and Installation of Oil Burning Equipments and for the storage and uses of Oil Fuels in connection therewith recommended by the National Fire Protection Ass. ociation2, Edition of 1928., and its subsequent amendments* Section B-277, OTHER SOURCES OF HEAT. Other sources of heat and flame not specifically mWn-tioned herein shall be constructed and so proteetedas to prevent heating 'any wood, or other combustible material used in the construction of floors, ceilings, partitions or other parts of a building, to a temperature of over one .hundred and twenty-five (125) degrees Fahrenheit,, when in full operations and shall be so constructed as not to be liable to undue corrosion or deterioration and not subject to accidental overturn�.or�.other disarrangement conducive to dangerous conditions* Section B278* WARM AMDUCTS AND APPURTENANOES. (a) For gravity systems no leader�_heat pipes shall Beover twenty (20) feet in. length measured horizontally, except, where a booster fan is installed..' when such length shall not .'exeeed forty (40) feet* All such DiDes un r- first floor joists shall',have a uniform rise of -at least one U3 inch per lineal foot of ,horizontal run* Warm air pipes .and appurtenancesserving first floor rooms. shall have a minimum cross sectional area in square inches of not less than the cubic foot capacity of the room or rooms in which registers are located,, divided by forty (40) ; provided, that no leader pipe shall have a net area less than fifty (50) square inehes'o Risers and app-" urtenances serving .floors, above the first floor shall have a net area of not less than two-thirds (2/3) that required to serve the first floor* . (b) Where. double registers are supplied by one leader pipe each register shall have a capacity of not less than two-thirds (2/3) the area of the leader pipe* When necess to install appurtenances in an, outside wall at least the weatherLside =171 be covered with air-cell asbestos paper* (o) Ninety (90) degree bends in round pipes shall be made by not less than four (4) piece elbows* Sixty (60) degree bends shall be imade by means of not less than three (3) piece- blbows* All warm air pipes and fittings, cola-air or re-piroulating pipes, ducts,, boxes and fittings, shall be made ofgalvanized irone (d) All appurtenances except leader heat pipes under the first floor shall be covered with two thicknesses of asbestos . paper weighing at least eight (8) pounds to one hundred (100) square feet or with air-cell asbestos insulation,, or shall be double walled with a one-fourth Q) inch space between the inner and -outer wallso Horizontal warm air pipes s 11 be kept at least three (3) inches' from �any combustible material or shall be protected with an asbestos shield and a one (1) inch air space Air_ cell asbestos papqr .not less than one-fourth of ,an inch in thickness shall be securely cemented around all leader pipes* , (e) All riser pipes shall be braced or held in place by means of metal strips securely fastened to the pipe and shall in no case be held in place -by nailing diagonally through the corners of such pipe, No joint shall depend*wholl7 upon solder to make it tight* All leader pipes shall be securely fastened in place by means of metal strips or hangers* (f) In the installation' of Y runs or- branch runs the cross sectional area of the warm ,air pipe at, the furnace shall equal in square inches the cubic contents of all the',,rooms served by such warm air pipe divided by forty (40) . Sites. of branch runs shall be determined in the same manner on the basis 'of the room or rooms served. Branches from , trunk lines shall be taken off in a generally horizontal plane at an angle not less than f I Prty-five,J45) degrees from the line of the pipe* Fifteen (15) degrees Y branches may be permitted in forced draft systems. Riser , pipes shall not be taken off the top 'of- the .,first floor register boxes. Where warm air pipes and appurtenances are to be. installed in a building..the Joists and-studs, shall. be go arranged as to provide not less than fourteen (14 ), Anches cled,r. :space in continuous horizontal runs and/or vertical risers from the gas furnace to the register served. Section B-279. INCINERATORS. All:.-ineinerators �mhich are ,built - '-shall have th e el sin as .-An integral part, �ot a ding ", e n 6 , g walls of the firo 'boxes or ; cumbustibn chamber'-.6f solid masonry or reinforced concrete less than eight (8) inehes �in thickness where the horizontal area does not exceed fifteen (15) square feet and not less than twelve (12) inches in thickness where the combustion chamber is of greater area* The inner four (4) inches of such combustion chamber walls shall be of fire brick laid in fire clay or cement mortar.. except that the walls surrounding the ash chamber below the fire gratemay be so lined with vitrified brick. The inner walls Of any combustion chamber shall not be offset in excess of one (1) inch for every three (3) inches of rise in the height of the wall. unless supported by reinforced concrete or structural steel* Chimneys for ,every incinerator shall be as specified in Section B-267. Any Incinerator constructed and installed in compliance with " the recommended rules and regulations of ,the National .-Board of Fire Underwriters- for Incinerators as 'of edition ofjinuary 1. 1935, or its subsequent ,amendm6nts, ­or, as -,redommended in the Fifth Edition of the National Board of Underwriters ,Building Code or its subsequent amdndments., shall be accepted as complying with this Section, Section B-280. . ,SOLAR HEATERS. The word or term "SolarO. is ' herein used to indicate all- heaters used for gathering heat from the sun for the purpose of heating water. No such solar water heater shall be erected.construdted, built or placed in Miami Shores Village which does not conform to the requirements of this Section* Coll boxes shall be made of not less than twenty-four (24) gauge galvanized iron or other material of equal strength and rust and 'deca7 resisting qualities and shall, be so constructed that there will be no sag in side and rails when supported; shall be anchored to supports of at least one and one-quarter by one and one-quarter by one-eighth (lTlx1i,�x1/8) inch galvanized angle iron.,, or other material equal in strength and rust decay resisting qualities* These supports shall be fastened to a galvanized metal floor plate and the floor plate shall be anchored to the roof rafters in an approved manner* Tanks shall be galvanized inside and outside.. or shall be of some other rust-resisting material and shall be designed to operate under not less than one hundred (100) pound pressure and be tested to 150 hydrostatic pressure. Tank supports�-for floor plates and uprights shallbe of galvan- ized angle iron not less than one and ,cine-half by one and one-half by one-eighth (ljxlIgx1/8) inch or some other material and shape of equal strength and rusto .fire and decay resisting strength; .other supports and braces shall be of material of similar qualities and strength. Tank box base to support tank shall be bolted or attached in an approved manner to the metalt ank frame* Tank box base, if made of wood., shall be of at least four (4) pieces of two by four (2x4) - inch nominal size timbers covered with at least one (1) inch nominal size stock; and if made of other material, must be rust resisting and .of at least equal strength, Floor on part carrying tank and insulation. must be covered with thirty- pound felt or its equivalent, All floor plates of coil boxes and tank stands shall be Anchored to frame members with not less than three-eights (3/8) inch hot galvanized Jay bolts or approved equal* All insulation around tank must be at least five (5) inches of ground regranulated cork or ita equivalent., tamped in tank box in such a manner as to ,lose not more than one degree of heat from tank per hour. Tank box must extend five (5) inches above tank �and down each side to a point at least to the top ,of metal tank supports and shall be securely fastened to the two-by-fours (2x4) forming tank base. Where exposed to view, tank box shall be completely covered with galvanized iron lath and cement plaster for masonry construction, or twenty-four (24) gauge galvanized iron, or sixteen (16) ounce copper., Or' other approved covering for frame construetione All existing wooden systems when repaired are required to be replaced with equivalent equal to the requirements of this Section. Hot and cold water supply pipe,s installed by Plumbers under the .provisions of the Plumbing Code of Miami� Shores Village and its subse. quent amendments, shall be installed to a point above -the coiling joist and adjacent to location of tank box. �' All connection between tank and heating elements and tank and hot and cold water supply lines specified in this Section shall be made as one installation under the provisions of this Code* L�RTICLE 300 FIRE EXTINGUISHING AFI:A"TUS Section B-281,* �0TOIvaTIC SPRI-111MM- S V'11ME REC.,FUIRED. Standard Automatic Sprinklers, 6hall be installed, as specified in , this Article in the following _places* The� me' ohanical operation and all ' tests of Sprinkler Systems required by this Code,, shall be under the Jurisdiction 0 � the Plumbing Inspector f bf :Miami Shores Village., Ploridao' W 13 and. Q upancy- In- 4oti,'6n,- ­00c Piot-dre Booths-', under -'the gridiron 'under the -stage' floor., �tnder dil- fly y" and tie galleries. , in all dressing'. rooms� st-oreroo s -property rooms ' .* - 1 . 1 2 1 m, carpenter shops, -paint shops,.. pa-ssagew - ays., -,and..-all other plape,_p back of the proscenium wall 'a line of, �,sprinklers� -6`h 11�1�'b '_ - , -,'-I- e. instalTed, h the arch of the proscenium openirm"i-Ti- front of every pros C'eni-Txm 'curtain'� 2. Inall Group D. buildings occupied wholly or in part as a planing mill, box factory,., woodworking establishment -wh.ere-:lumber is made into a finished :product, and,.'In .which: mbr'e', than two ,power operated Wood. working machines., exclusive of saws, are used* 3. In all Group Vbuildings used as film exchangese 40- In Group B 'aJ�dC buildings:. in any enclosed occupied space below., or over a stairway., except where the entire construction is as re- quired for Type, I buildings., and. in all portions of basements or , cellars ,used for storage or maintenance work rooms* Section� LUT.OlvAiTIC SPRIIkMER, REQUIRELIENTS. Every auto- rill1q.tic sprinkler system� reqv_ired by. this Code shall comply all,respects with' the regulations- of the.' National Board of Fire Underwriters ,governing the- ins tallation. of automatic,' sprIn1ae.r equipment, bditlo..n of..� 1931.: and its, subsequent amend-nientLs', �,Whero not contrary to the specifie' statem' ent of this Article* ST: , .11 � Section' B-283. qDPIPES WM]RE REQUIRED. h1v y Group A0 B' ?p kt_j�� and 0 building of any height7is7,i a 1—], b e 0 e : (ler ) or�.more interior standpipes extending f' r'om" 'the cellar or basement into the top- most story., located toLthe .approvalof the Building Inspector; the , installa-- tionand tests shall ,be made under the direction of the Plumbi Inspector.: LOCATION: Standpipe shall be located within stairway .enclosures or as near atairways as possible or shall be on the outside of, embedded within or immediately inside of an exteriormall and within* one- ) (I foot of an 'opening. in a � stairway., enclosure or the balcony, or vestibule or an outside exit stairway,. 31MAE&L11 CONNECTIONS.: All interior stand-pipes, shall be equipped with a Siamese fire departmehU inlet' connection located on the street front- of the' building* All Siamese inlet connections shall be, loca'ted L on, a-'street front_bf the build a� on (,) , foot' nor :I more 'an:, f our ing,and.,not less, thai e th feet dbove 'the grad' 'shall. be e quipped sA e and with clapper check and substantial plu A,11, Siamese I let connections shall be re.ciessed in ' gs n the wall or otherwise substantially protected. . ,All Siamese, 00nnedt-ion I s shall be equipped with threa6s un,-if orm with that �us ed by the L C'R , o 1 !Pire Department OUTLET: A21 standpipes shall extend from the ground floor ,to and , over the—Fo—ofand shall beequipped with a twoand one-half (2-21) inch, outlet with reducers to" one and one-half (11) Inch for . . I V use of small h se., and not More than four (4) feet above the , floor level at� each story.' 0 All shall be equipped with a two-way two and o -hhlf ne inch (2 outlet abovethe roof* All outlets diall be equipped with- gat6 valves with substantial chains . SIGNS: An iron or bronze sign with raised letters -at least on I e (1) inch in height shall be ,r'igidly attached to the building adjacent to all Siamese connections and such' s ign shall read.- "CQI�INTECTION: TO KANDPIPEJ6.11 Section B-284* NUMBER REQUIRED, Standpipes shall be so located that any portion oT-Eh-F-building can be reached therefrom with a hose not exceeding seventy-five (75) feet in length* LOCATION: In Group As, B and C occupancy., outlets shall be located as followsi On each side of the stage, on each side of the rear' of the auditorium and on each side of the rear of the balconies* Where seating capacities are less than five hundred (500) the number of locations noted above may be reduced upon the approval of -the Building Inspector* THREADS& All hose threads in connection with the Installation of' such st_a_nWp`fp`os., inakiiding ,valves and reducing fittings, shall be uniform with that used by the local fire department* WATER SUPPLIES: All interior standpipes shall be connected to a street wate main of not less than four (4) inches in diameter. When more than one (1) interior standpipe is required in the building, such standpipes shall be connected at their tops by pipes of equal size* HOSE AND HOSE REELS&* Each hose outlet of all interior stand- pipes shall be supplied wl hose not less than one and one-half (I-N) Inchon in diameter* Suoh -hose shall be equipped with a suitable brass ,or bronze nozzle and shall .be, not- over seventy-five (75) ,feet in length* An approved standard, form O'f :wall hose reel or rack shall be provided for the hose and shall be, located so as to make the hose readily 'ae.oessible at all times and shall be recessed in the walls or protected by suitable cabinets* ARTICLE 31 STAGE. Section B-2850' STAGE VENTILATORS. There shall ,be one or more ventilators constructed of-metal or othe combustible material near the center and above, the ,hiphest part of any permanent stage raised above the stage roof and having.a total ventilation area equal to at least five (5) per cent of the floor area within the stage walls. Detailed drawings showing the construction and operation of ventilators shall be approved by the Building Inspector before the installation is begun* Section B.286* GRIDIRONS, Gridirons, fly galleries and pin- rails shall be constructed of incombustible materials and fireproofing of steel and iron may be. omittedo Gridirons and fly galleries shall be designed to support not less than seventy-five (75) pounds per square foot, and shall be readily accessible by metal stairs or ladders* No combustible materials shall ,be allowed in any gridiron., fly galleryor stairs* Section B-287* � ROOMS ACCESSORY TO STAGE.& Tn buildings of Groups A and B occupancy-, the aressing room seRions, workshops, and storeroom shall be located on the -stage side of the proseenium wall and shall be separated�from each other and from the, sta.ge bya ,,"Special Piro Separation" as provided . in Section B-20 In buildings, of Group C oecupancy .the dressing room section, workshops . and storerooms shall be located as required for Group A and B occupancy and shall be8eparated from the rest of the building and from each other by an "Ordinary Fire Sepantion". Section B-288* PROSCENIUM WAILLS. In buildings of Group A and B occupancy, a stage as defined in Section B-17 shall be completely separated from the auditorium by a proseenium wall of solid masonry of not less than four-hour fire-resistive construction as provided in Section B- 501 The pro-seenium wall shall extend not less than four (4) feet above the roof over the auditorium* In buildings of Group C occupancy, a stage as defined in Section B-17 , shall be completely -separated from the auditorium by a proscenium - wall of solid masonr or by metal incombustible studs protected on the stage aide by two (2T inches of Portland cement stucco on metal lath and on the auditorium side by three-quarters (3/4) of an inch, of, plaster on metal lath* Proscenim walls may have;,-: in additi,onto the main proscenium opening, one (1) �'Opefiing: at -the "orchestra pit level--: And not more than two (2) oppnfangsat the stage floor level., each of which shall be not more than twenty-five (25) square feet in area. Openings � in the proseenium wall -shall be protected on one side by one-hour fire-resistive doors' as spdcified in Section B-303. , The � proscenium opening, which sha,ll,. be the main opening for viewing per.fbrmances., shall be Drovided with a s6lf-closi ng fire-resistive curtain as provided in Article 33* Section B-289, STAGE FLOORS'L,� For buildings of Group A .And B occupancy, and when the space under the stage is usable in' Group C occupancy, all parts 'of stage floors shall be of 'Type I construction except the part of the stage extending back from and the full width of the proscenium opening., which may be constructed of steel or heavy timbers covered with a wood floor notL leS S than one and flve-eighths (1 5/8) inches thick. , No part of the, combustible construction except , the floor finish shall be carried through the proscenium opeftings All parts of the stage floor shall be designed to support ,not less than one htuidred and twenty- five (125) pounds per square foot. ..Section B-290-o PLATFOR1,13. Walls- and .ceilings of a, platform in an assembly room shall be fira-protected on, the inside with not less than the equivalent of metal lath and 'plaster. iny trapped air, space of more than two (2) feet in height,, over. a platform, shall be vented through the roof to the outside with vents having an area of not less than two (2) per cent of thehorizontal projection of the trapped area. Any usable space tinder a raised platform of an assembly room shall be of one-hour fire-resistive construction throuRhout, Section B-291* STAGE EXITS. Not less than one (1)-, exit tw'o feet and six inches . (21-69 wide shall be provided from each side of the stage opening directly- or by means of a passageway not less than three (3) feet- in width to a street or 'exit courts An exit stair not less than two feet and six inches (21-611) wide shall be provided for egress from each fly gallery. Each tier of dressing rooms shall be -provided with at least two (2) means of egress not less than two feet and six inches (21-611) wide and all such stairs shall be constructed Asi �specified in Article 25* The stairs required in this sub-sectioil need not be enclosed. Section B-292. -MISCULLAII-EJOUS. (a) A protecting hood shall be provided over thefull length of the stage switchboard* (b) Steam boilers, other than low pressure., shall be located outside of the buildings, at or under th I e sidewalk or extension n but i no case under or within anyportion of the building; the space allotted shall be enclosed by walls ,of four--hour fire-resistive construction. Each doorway in said walls connecting with the buildings shall have an approved automatic fire door* No floor register for heating., ventilat-ing., or, other purposes shall . be permitted in aisles, corridors or passageways* (c) All blowers used to circulate air through heating or ventilating pipes with openings to the auditorium shall be provided with a device to stop the blow automatically in case of fire. Thd device for this purpose shall be located near the blower, both inside and outside the pipe leading to openings in the auditori.iim, No coil, radiator or pipe shall be so placed as to obstruct any aisle or passageways Any exposed radiator or coil shall. be guarded, _�MICLB 32, COHSTRUCr211J' W OF KOTION PICTURE L!.�.CH!113 BOOTHS _-) H EIDLING OF 1ILL PHOTOGR__�`�HIC Cf YJ I TROCELLULOSE FILLIS. , Section B-2003. Every motion picture. machine using inflemmiable , films, together With all electrical devices, rheostats, sewing m-,achines and all. films present in any 'Croup L, B or C buildings shall be enclosed booth large enough to permit -the operator to rcalk freely ,on either side or. in back of th6machine -'and- shF-.11 benot less ,than seven (7) feet high and have a floor 'area of not less than fifty (50) scuare feet,- to each motion picture machine in 'such booth. The floor., of such,_booth shall be constructed of masonry or rein- forced concrete or zha-11 be, coveredtoith not less than tv.To inches of . masonry. The walls and ceiling shall be of not less than one-hour fi,re- resistive construction as specified in 11irticle 35. WIRE T I �DOORS: The entrance �to' booth shall be equipped i,:ith a tight fitting self-closing fite door of. Types 4, 5 or 6 as specified in Section 3-303. Such doors sh,�ll open outuardly and shall not be ecuipped with any latch,. �CONSTRUCTION: 1dachine and- observati�on posts in machine' booth Wealls, shall be of three �3) kinds* projection ports, observation ports., and combihatio* n obaervation and s�ot light, ports. These ports shEll be limiite�, in -siz6 and ,number �_:s fo,liois: There shall be not laore than one projection port for ,each machine head, includiniZ stereoptican machines. The. aree of each projection port .-shall be more than one hundreetand tli-,Tenty (1 . 0) souare inches. There -shall be not -more than one observation port for each projection -port and their area sh��,-ll not exceed one hundred and fifty (150) square inches. ea6h. �.: There sh,211 be not more than .three com- bination observation .and sp,ot .light ports' end they shall not exceed thirty- (��O) inches by twenty-four�, (,�_--4) inches. �',;here the openings' jn� the front wall of the projection booths ' a-re larger than the ports specified, they may be reduced to the required 61ze , by, bolting No. 10 gauge steel plate over the booth side of the wall , in such a manner that they, cannot be , readily removed or moved on -the slides. These steel plates shall have -the openin s o., the required size cut in them. There shall be not less than In no one (l foot of wall - space between openings for combination ports. case shall the openings .which are to be reduced -in size by the steel plate be larger, them- thirty--six (36) inches souare. Each port opening in the projection booth wall shall be completely covered . with a single Dane of plate glass. Each such opening together .with any fresh air. inlets, shall be provided with 9. shutter of not less than No. 10 gauge sheet metal large enough to overlap '-at least one, (1) inch on all sides of such openings End arranged. t6 slide i,,Athout binding. These shutters . shall be held normally open by means of small . chains fastened to a one hundred and sixty (160)� degree Fahrenheit fusible. linki- the whole so arranged1that the shutters - may, be easily released: and closed either by hand or automatically when re- le---sed by the fusible link and Shall be so designed as to effect a weight of notless than eight (a) pounds on each. fusible link. Pieces of film shall not be used in place: of, fusible links. The shutters �shqll be so hung that the operation of .clbsirig shall be smooth and vjithout -nolse. The closing of P-11 shutters shall. be. effected in five (5) secondsa -,�sach such opening, together with- any .fresh air -inlets, shall be provided :with a shutter of not less than- fourteen (14) U. S. gauge sheet ,rnetal large enough to overlap at least one. (1) inch on all sides of sucii opening end arranged to slide vTithout.,bi-riding and .with the joint between the shutter and the wall to, be smoke tight when' shutter is down. These shutters shall 'be� ;held normally open by means of a fine combustible cord fastened to a one hundred and sixty (160) degrees Fahrenheit fusible link (piecLes of film shall not be used -in place .of fusible links) , the whole so arranged that the shutters may be ,e-Ssily released and closed either by hand or automatically when .� I released by' the fusible link and shall be so designed as to effect a ivei�ght of . not less than eight (8) pounds on ea.ch 'fusible link. VM4TIL.-.,T!ON: Every booth shall be .equipped with a ventilating inlet not Te—ss -than thirty (30) scuare. inches in area placed near the floor ,on each of three sides . and protected by wire netting. At the top of every . (10) inch diameter vent for each mot!-on booth there shall be at least a ten picture machine. Such vent shall be constructed of sheet .metal. not less, than twenty-four (24) U. S.,* gauge and shall connect into a masonry. flue or go directly through the roof, and twelve (12) inches. above, .a-nd gh' all be Drovided with an exhaust fan which will-1--,produce a - domplete change of air in tho 'bo,oth every ten (10) .minuteso.:- No wood or other combustible material shall be -allowed to come Within four (4) inche's- of the vent.. There shall be not more than one elbow or change in direction of this metal vent in any lattic. space., ,No such vent -shall pass. through any occupied room uAless - encasod in- not less tha f -L�r (4-) i. n o nches of solid masonr3ye 1AET.4L FIXT-ORES: All shelves, furniture -and, fixtures within the booth shall be constructed of metal or' ' oth* er incombustible material. Every motion picture machine shall be' securely fastened to the , fl,00r to- prevent overturning,* Section B-294.� 1.GlEiMRAL R��GULATIONS All regulations for the storage and handling of. photogj?aphic and X-ray nitrocellulose film shall conform ,to' the regulations. of 'the, Nation.al Board of Fire Under- writers for the Storage and� Randling of� Pj-j otographic and X-ray Nitrocellu-'-. ' 'lose 'Films as recorrii-ended by the .National Fire Protection Association Edition-,Of July 15� 1931 or its 'subsequent amendme nts. Where definite fire-resistive matorials ,are �specified, material s of equal fire-resistance as specified in this Code may- be used* CARE OF 'FILMS: 4,11 films 'not in .actual use except as -herein- after excep-t-e-T-shallbe stored -in.metal �cabinets or boxes constructed of galvanized iron- O-V .-steel wlth,�mPtal -oartitions and shelve' s ., Each, such com-partment. shall'..not have a; c,'apa-,c-it.y, i�ii-'-ex.c'.ess of, t.6n �,,(10)` 0 �reels f film do, Iroh, br` �stebl No and shallhav6 tight 8elf-'.;Cl n g ors �of solder shall be used in the.. construction of such metal b oxes or cabinets . The .provisions in this- Section do not. apply to: (a) Film for I amatbur 'ph I 6'tographic-1 use 1 1,- - 6rigi.nal packages of "roll" and Iffilm n- I P-�ck." , fil s in quantities of less than .fifty (50) cubic feet* (bY ,Safety f ilm�jcellulose -acetate 1�a (c), Dental X-ray.f ilm.. (d) � Establishme'nt's'' raanufacturing photographic films and storage incident theretoo 'Films stored or-being used� in., standard motion picture (e booths- (See Section' B-893. ) 0 phot graphic X-ray film (cellulose acetate base). may be identified by�. the mar-king on the edge -of the film. .This marking shown plainly before 'and enf ter developing. Vhere f ilm -is- not so marked it L shall be inspected to determine whether it is of the safety acetate or nitrate type. I�RTTCTZ 330 PROSCENIUki CbRTAINSG - Section, B-995. For Group A and B buildings , shall 'be made of incombustible materials constructed and mounted so as to intercept hot gas s, flame and siii-ol-&,- and to -a severe fire on e prevent &pl ou from the, stage showing . on- the auditorium side' within a period of five (,,5) minutes. The curtain shall 'be raised and lowered- each evenin -at the close of the performance. The closin- of the curtain from �the full open 'Dosition shall be effedted in less than thirty (30)' -seconds but the � last y five (5) feet of travel shall require -not less than five (5j seconds* Section B-296.. The complete, installation of - every proscenium curtain shall be subjected toloperating tests and any theatre1nLwhich ,- ,such proscenium curtain is pla.ce!i shall not be opened to public per- - formances until after the prosce.nium cirtain has been aco,epted and approved by the Building Inspector. ARTICLE 34* FIRE-RESISTIVE' STA14DARDS FOR FIRE PROTECTION4 Section B-297* FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION DEFINED6 Building materials., systems, units and forms of construction as regulated by thi's Code shall be classified as "four-hour fire-resistive construetion,,ff "three-hour fire-resistive. 00nstruati6n.." "two-hour fire-resistive construe- tion" and none-hour fire-resistive construction., " for fire-resistive purposes and protection* Materials,, systems, units and forms of cons trUetioA in order to be classed as four-�hours three-hour,, two-hour or one-hour fire-resistive construction shall meet the respeotive . requirements for nuch rating as specified in Standard Specifications, for Fire Tests of Building- ., Construction and Materials, . &* So To M. Designation C19-33, of the Ametlean Society for Testing Materials, andits subsequent amendmentse Except that for buildings. having a structural steel frame., the standard specifications for fire-proofing structural steel buildings, dated October 8. 1937, and its subsequent amendments.. of the American Institute of Steel Constructionolne*, may. be followed* Any materials., systems,, units or .forms of construction which me OtL the requirements- of the aforesaid Standard Specifications shall be accepted as fire-resistive construction of the degree apecified.,, if and when they shall be shown by an authoritiative test eonducted. in accordance witha 11 , of the provisions of such aforesaid,, specifications., to possesssuoh fire , resistance, Section B-298* FIRE-RESISTIVE MATERTAT, The following materials, combinations of materials, systems a-nd units Mall be classed as fire.. resistive materials : Brick. Concrete brick, block or 'tile*, Gypsum block or t1le., Gypsum (plain or reinforced.) Gypsum plaster board (or lath) and plaster* Hollow olay tileo - Metal* Metal and asbestos* Metal lath and plaster* Portland cement concrete (plain or reinforced,) Sand-lime brick* Seat i on :.B�-290. ,'_FIRrs-RESISTIVE, ,CO-ilSTRUCTION* ' 'All fire-resistive construction of burned 'claT, conerete ,or gypsum units or other similar units shall be solidly bedded- and laidlin gypsum mortar., lime-cement mortar or cement mortar;- provided that gypsum units 'shall be laid in gypsum mortar only* All such units shall be thoroughly bonded together by broken joints in alternate eourses, or by sufficient metal "ties or bonds, All concrete, gunite, gypsum or similar protection for steel or iron structural members which is castp poured or similarly applied shall be reinforced at the edges of such members in'a sufficient manner to pre- vent cracking and disintegrating of such protectione All such applied fire protection materials .shall be reinforced by metal rods., galvanized wire or mesh to provide against cracking and disintegrating of the protecMng material* All plaster fire p rotection shall consist of gypsum mortar Port- land cement mortar or other equally fire-resistive material. Gypsum plaster only shall be used for plastering on gypsum units* Wherever plaster is used for fire protection purposes it '.shall be reinforced' with galvanized metal mesh or lath; provided, that where such plastering is placed 'on masonry or reinforced concrete such reinforcing may be omitted when the plastering is not more than one (1) inch thick* Gunite applied to masonry need not be reinforced and when .properly bonded shall be considered a - part of the required thickness* ARTICLE. 350 1IRE-RESISTIVE STANDARDS. - -OF Section B-606* PR16TE�TION` STRUCTURAL PARTS. The thickness of fire-,reflative materlais�,for- fire protectIon of structural parts shall be as slwwn in the following:bable for the respective degrees of fire protection showni The figures shown shall be the not thickness of the proiecting,materials and shall not, include any hollow space or spaces between the-,fire protecting materials and member pro- tected, The thickness : of-plaster protection shall be measured from the face of the plaster to the plane of the back surface of the metal or wire lath where such 'lath is used and shall include two-thirds (2/3) of .the thickness of the gypsum plaster board (or lath) where- such board (or lath) is usedo MINIMUM PROTECTION OF STRUCTURAL PARTS BASED ON TIME PERIODS FOR VARIOUS INCOMBUSTIBLE INSULATING MATERIALS Structural Parts to Be Insulating Material Minimum thickness of Protected Used material in inches for the following fire-resistiVe periods 4 hr. 3 hre 2 hr* 1 hi Grade A concrete 1 , 2 2 11, 1 Grade B concrete 3 2 1.�, Gunite 8 1* 1 Steel or Cast Iron Erick of clay, shale, Columns; concrete or sand-lime 3 3/4 3 §Z4 2Ax 1X' Projecting Clay Hle, clay tile Steel Beam or and concrete or con- Girder Flanges; crete block (see note 4 or 4 or 2 2 All Members of 1—2) 2 pl. 2 D1. Primary Trusses I Solid gypsum blocks 2 pl. 2 ple 2 2 I-Hollow gypsum blocks 3 pl . 3 . 2 2 1 Poured gypsum 2 1--' 1 1 .2 Metal- liatb and gypsum or Portland cement t plaster 2-ff3* 1 ? I dr-ade A concrete 2 leo 1 I Gr a Te- B concrete , 3 1� -G-=-I t e 2 1* 1 - 4 BrIcE o? elay, .sHale Y concrete or sand-lime 3 �Z4 2-xl 2r' 2-�lr Webs of Clay tile, clay tile Steel Beams land concrete or con- 3 'or 2 2 2 and Girders erete block 2 pl. Solid sum block 2 pl. 2 2 Rollo gypsum block 3 pl* 2 2 2 Poured . sum 2 1* 1 .1 Metal I ath and gypsum I or ' Portland cement plaster 2 1 ReIriforeing Steel Grade & concrete in Reinforced Conerete" t Nadi B concrete 2 lt- Columns, Beams, Girders ' and Trusses Helifforcing Steel Grade A concrete in Reinforced Concrete Graae .B concrete Y4 Joists Metal or wire lath Ceiling Protection and gypsum or cement for Roof Trusses and plaster, concrete, 2 41 Y4 Secondary Trussed burned clay Products or Gunite 1* 1 -37 '-Grade A Concrete 1 1 3/4 ZY4 Thiek-L Grade B Concrete ness ' 1WL Reinforcing and Tie includ6s Rods in Floor and gypsudi Roof Slabs Gypsum or ,cem' 1 1 3/4 ZY4 ent I plasteb NOTE: (1) Pl. in above table shall be not less than 42 ino gypsum or cement plaster. (2) re-entrant parts of protected members shall be filled solid for and 3 hour protections. *Two 7/8 inch layers with 3/4 inch air space between. NOTE: Grade A concrete shall mean concrete with a coarse aggregate of lime- stone, pumice, calcareous pebbles, trap rock., blast furnace., slag,, burnt clay., burnt shale., coral rock., or other coarse aggregates containing not more than sixty-five (65) per cent of siliceous material, such as granite,, sandstone,, chert pebbles, flint, cinders or quartz. , Grade B concrete shall mean concrete with a coarse aggregate other than that allowed in Grade A concrete. (a) For flateeilings where the ceiling protection for beams, girders or slabs is suspended to- form a free air space of not less than one (1) inch between the member and the protection,, the protection thicknesses may be one-half (1) inch less than that required in the above table for flat ceiling protection., but no thickness &hall be less than three-fourths (3/4) of an inch. (b) Soffit tile prote'eting beam and girder flanges shall be tied to the flange with steel or iron tiese (c) If the structural part ,is, of iron or steel the thickness given in the foregoing table shall be measured outside of the extreme edges of the structural shapes, except that Projecting edges of lugs and brackets shall be gi'ven a minimum protection of one (1) inch thickness* For reinforced concrete, members,, the thickness given in the foregoing table shall beoutside- of the reinforcements For purposds 'of design the protection shall not be considered as 'earrying load except as permitted for tied columns. Plaster protections, of.-over one (1) inch in thickness, shall , have an additional layer 'of galvanized metal lath., galvanized wire or galvanized metal mesh embedded not more than three-fourths (3/4) of an inch from the surface and securely tied into the supporting members* (See Section B_ 299 Galvanized wire of not less than number ten (No* 10) Bo and S. gauge wound or tied around members�,,at not more than a six (6) inch pitch, or wire or expanded galvanized metal mesh shall be placed and well embedded in all concrete gypsum and gunite protections, Galvanized wire mesh or other forms of metal ties in concrete protections shall be hold away from the �structural members and embedded in the protection not lessIthan three-fourths (3/4) of an inch fromits outer surface at points of minimum thicknesse Hollow tile or gypsum block protections shall have iron or steel tie& embedded in each horizon- tal joint, or have outside iron or steel ties over each unit, the diameter of wire to .be 0*18 inch or of equivalent area in ties of other forms, Galvanized wire mesh., where used for tying protections, shall weigh not less than' one and one-half (1-1,) pounds per square yard0 Where galvanized metal laths or galvanized wire mesh is used�asa plaster base or tie, it shall weigh not less than two and two-tenths (24) lbs, per square yard., and two and one-half (2-ffL) or more meshes per inch or equivalent* Gypsum plaster board not less than three-eighths (3/8) of an inch thick and having not more than fifteenJ15)_ �per cent combustible material , com- bined with the gypsum may be substituted for galvanized metal lath for resistance periods- of not more than two (2) hours'. provided theplaster is reinforced with galvanized metal or galvanized wire mesh weighing not less than one and one-half. (11 -a) pounds per square yard., standing awa from the board and secured to the supporting memberss and -two-thirds (273T of the thickness of the plaster board may be considered as plastere Concrete aggregates whose mineral composition is unknown or undetermined shall for the application of these regulations be classed as Grade B aggregates. Section B-501* FIRE-RESISTIVE WALLS AND PARTITIONS. Fire- resistive, bearing and non-bearing walls and partitions. shall be of not -less than the thicknesses and construction specified in this Section, to be classed for the respective degrees, of protection indicated* The following tabulated thicknesses are minimum and shall not be broken into; provided that where combustible floor or partition members project into solid masonry or reinforced concrete walls or partitions the required effective thickness of wall shall be measured from two (2) inches back along the member from the end in the wall, to the opposite face of the wall* Where such members project into hollow walls :and the space, be- tween the members and for not less than four (4) inches above and below them is filled solid with fire-resistive incombustible materials for the full thickness of the wall* Plaster, in order that it may be considered as adding to the fire-resistance of walls and partitions shall be gypsum or Portland cement plaster applied to an average thickness of ,not less than one-half (J) of an inch on each side* Plaster over one (1) in h in thickness, as measured .to the plaster base, shall have an additional layer of galvanized metal lath, galvanized wire or galvanized metal mesh embedded not more than three.-fourths (314) of an inch from the surface and securely tied Into the supporting members* Required fire-resisitve plastering or stucco on the outside .of exterior masonry walls may be omitted from inaccessible portions of the wall provided the inside plastering opposite the inaccessible portions is doubled in thickness, Gypsum plaster board (orlath) not less than three-eighths (3/8) of an inch in thickness and having not more than fifteen (15) par cent of combustible material combined with the gypsum may be substituted for galvanized metal lath for resistance periods of not more than two (0) hours.. provided the plaster is reinforced with galvanized metal or galvanized wire mesh weighing not less than one and one-half pounds per square yard, standing away from the board ( or lath) and secured to .the supporting studs or joists* Two-thirds (2/3) of the thickness of the plaster board (or lath) may be -considered as plaster* Gypsum plaster board (or lath) conforming to the specifications contained in the preceding paragraph may be substituted for galvanized ,metal lath and the reinforcement of the plaster omitted,, provided., that the joints of the plaster board (or lath) , are covered with strips of metal fabric. not less1than.. three (3YInehes :Ln.'width- and the plaster board (or lath) is:, plas.tered with, not less than one-half ("a) inch of kibered gypsum plaster containing not more than thirty-three and one-third (33 1/3) per cent by -weight of silicae, A three-eighths (3/8) inch gypsum plaster board (or lath) with a mechanical key may be substituted for galvanized metal lath without the necessity forstripping the joints in the plaster board ('or lath) with strips of metal fabric provided, wall assemblies containing such plaster board (or lath) have passed the standard fire test as specified , in Section B-297 . Galvanized metal or wire lath shall ,weigh not less than two and two tenths (2.2) pounds ' per square yard. Galvanized metal or wire mesh where used as ties in concrete shall weigh not less than one and one- half (11) pounds per square yard. Where used as ties for *plaster it shall weigh not less than two and two-tenths (2o2) pounds per square' yard and have not less than two and one-half (2j) meshes per inch, or equivalents Wood studs for bearing partitions or walls shall be not less than the two inch by four (211x411) inch nominal size and be spaced not more than sixteen (16.) inchesspart. Note: The term "plastered" in following table shall mean walls plastered with not less than one-half 616) inch of gypsum or Portland cement plaster on each side of wall. 2 RATED FIRE RESISTANCE PERIODS FOR VARIOUS WAUS AND PARITITIONS Minimum Finished Thickness face to face Material Construction Jincludin plaster where 9 mentioned) in inches. 3 IF. 9=hr, 1=hr Brick of clay Solid unDlastered . . . . 8 4* shale, sand-lime Solid Rlast-e-r-ed-* . 0 0 0 9 5* � or concrete$ and Hollow (rowlock) unplaster- plain concrete. ed . . . . . . . . 12 10 8 Hollow (rowlock) plastered 9 End or side eonstructiFie One cell in wall thickness* Plastered 3* BrO or side construction. Two Holl tile cells in 8-in*' or less thickness. 6* wa Uhplastered 16 12 or8 End or side construction. Two- cells in 8-ine �or less thickness Plastered 7* 13 9.- 'Ond or side construction. TWO calls in wall thickness* Un- p 1 stared a 6 End or Me construction* Two cells in wall thickness* Plas- tered 5* Hollow clay tilei Md or side constrUctioJae ee A So To M. cells in 8-ino or less thickness. lo;d-bearing. 12 Rulastered 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 & End or side construction,. Three cells in 8-in* or less thickness* Plastered one " sides o o o e 9 * o 8y� End or side construction. Three calls in 8-ino or less thickness* Plastered 0 * 0 0 0 , 0 0 * 9 Combination of 4-in, brick and 4-in* tile plas- brick and A. S* tered one .side- (tile side) . o 9 To M& load-bearing' tile. One call In 8-ino or less thick- Special hollow noose !ipilastered 124 8 6 4*. concrete block or cell in 8-in, or less kom tile. ness. Plastered 0 0 0 * 0 0 0 94 5* IMe-, WEI. :In S-In. or less 0107-- Hollow concrete ness'o Unglastered, o o o a a o 0 .16 12 10 or 8 block or tile* One �eell in 8-in* or less thick. 7-1-0 nesse Plastered o 0 0 0 .0 0 13 11 or9 7* Solid Concrete Reinforcement not less than 0 2g -in each direction * 0 0 0 a 6 5* 4* 2* Solid Gunite I' Vinforoement or. not less than- M�Vin each ,direction , 0 . o . or 6 4* 3* 2* Hollow gypsum Unplastered a o 9 *� o 'o o & o o 0 GE? 5 21 3--# blocks Plastered o * a o o * o * oo & 9 e 5,-# 42.f4%- Hollow wall of Quter shell Nino thick for 10- reinforoed .gunite in. wall and li-ino thick for 8-ine wall o o a o o a o a o o 10* 8* 851121 Up-sum or In-com-bustl-ble -stuOding wit Portland cement galvanized metal or Stvanized plaster wire lath 0 2* Incomb7stible studd—ing with galvanized metal or galvanized wire or ,lath 3/4-in. plaster Hollow partitions on each side * o 9 o o o a 9 0 3* In_comb_u_sT=e_ Ming, with with Gypsum 0*r st"u Portland cement galvanized metal or galvanized . Plaster or Gunite wire lath 1-ino plaster on each on -each side. side 42 Wood at-uds witri galvanized -m—efal" or galvanized wire 'lath. 3* Fire-stopped . . . or5 *Indicates that such walls and partitions shall be used for non-bearing purposes only* I Hiokness to be given a four-hour rating only after an A.. So To M, eertif ad fire test* #Not permitted for exterior walls* Section B-302o. FIRE RESISTIVE FLOOR 'CONSTRUCTIONG Fire-resis- tive floor construction shall be accepted for, EEe following r—espective degrees of fire-resistive protection when constructed as specified in this section. For the stmetural details of any floor construction,, the. particular details specif led u,',nder ..Artiole 23 of this Code shall govern* Four-#hour., ,_three-hoin*� and two-hour fire-resistive floors as specified in�­this ,Section shall be constructed entirely of incombustible materialse, (a'),i F0 U­�"r.liour fi re-resi st ive floor c on struction sha 11 consist of reinforced concrete,' gypsum and/or solid masonry 'slabs or arches not less than four (4) inches in thickness or- shall consist of hollow masonry slabs or arches not less than four (4) inches in- thickness with a top covering of not less than two solid masonry,, or shall eoniist of steel , J2) inches of' joists protected with fire-resistive materials of the, kind and thickness shown in the table in this Sections Except in the case of steel joisted construction all reinforcing,, tie rods and supporting structural members in such floors shall be protected with not less than four-hour fire-resistive construction as specified in Section B-300o (b) Three-hour fire-resistive floor construction shall consist of reinforced concrete,, gypsum and/or solid masonry slabs or arches not less than three (3) inches in thickness or shall consist of hollo'-w masonry slabs or arches not less than four (4) inches in thickness with a top covering of solid masonry not less than one and one-half (122,) inches in thickness, or shall consist of steel joists protected with fire-resistive materials of the kind and thickness shown in the table in this Section. Except in the ease of steel joisted construction, all reinforcing, tie rods and supporting strue- tural members in such floor construction shall be protected with not less than three-hour fire-resistive construction as specified In Section B-3006 (a) Two-hour fire-r6sistive floor construction shall consist of reinforced concrete, gypsum and/or- s'olid masonry slabs or arches not less than two and one-half (2X2) inches in thickness I- or shall consist of hollow masonry slabs or arches not less than three (3; inches in thickness with a top covering of not less than one (1) inch of solid masonry., or shall consist of steel joists protected with fire-resistive materials of the kind and .thickness shown in the table in this Section* Except in the ease of steel joisted construction, all rein-forcing, tie rods and supporting structural members in such floor construction shall be protected :with not less than two- hour fire-resistive construction as specified in Section B.300� (d) One-hour fire-resistive floor construction shall consist. of reinforced concrete , gypsum and/or solid masonry, slabs or arches not less than two and one-half inches in thickness or' shall consist of hollow,masonry slabs or arches not less than three (3) inches in thickness with all joints in such hollow unit construction thoroughly filled with cement or gypsum mortar; or shall, consist of steel joi,sts .proteeted with fire-resistive mater- ials of the kinds and thicknesses shown in the table in this Sections Except in the ease of steel joisted 'oonstruction,, all reinforcing., tie rods and supporting structural membersshall be ,protected with not less than one-hour fire-resistive construction as specified in Section B-300 ; -,pr Wood joisted construction with a double wood floor on top (the sub floor not less than three-,fourths , (3/4) of an inch thick,, and the total thickness of the two layers not less than one and one-fourth (1-.&,) inches thick., and with a fire-resistive ceiling, as- shown in the table in this See- tion, securely fastened to or ,suspended from the under side of such joists. Except the galvanized m'etal lath and plaster ceiling shall not be required be- low the lowest floor joist over unusable space* All flat oeilings , where the ceiling protection for. beams, girders or slabs is suspended to form a free-air space between the members and the protection., the protection thicknesses may be one-half (-L) inch less than that fequired in the, following table for flat eeiling ,protectiont - but no thickness shall be less than three-fourths (3/4) of an inch minimum protection of metal and wood joists based ontime periods for, various' insulating materials. In any reinforced concrete floor construction which includes a galvanized metal lath and cement or gypsum plastered ceiling on the under side, not less than three-fourths (3/4) of an inch thick,, the required slab thick- ness may be reduced one-half Q1) inch but in no case shall' be less than two and one-half (2-27-) inches thicke MINIMUM PROTECTION FOR METAL AND WOOD JOISTS BASED ON TIME PERIOD$ FOR VARIOUS INSULATING MATERIALS Minimum thickness of Jcdsts to be Insulating Material material in inches for Protected Used the following fire-resistive periods 4-hre 3-hre 2-hre 1-h3 Galvanized metal or galvanized wire lath and Ceiling 7protee- gypsum or Portland cement' tion of steel plaster,, concrete., burned' Joists where in- al oducts or gypsum 2 21i 1 . combustible slab a ur T not less than 2W:1 in* thick is Gunite 3/4 placed above Ceiling protee- 1 Galvanized metal or tion of Wood I galvanized wire lath and Joists with doub-1gypsum or Portland cement le floor on top plaster 3/4 Section B-3039 (a)PIRE DOORS& SHUTTERS AND WINDOWS. Fire. resistive Doors. One-hour fi�re-reslstive doors shall be constructed as specified for one of- the following types# 1$ 2. or 3. or any door which will successfully pass the one-hour fire test specified in .Section B- 297 and all such doors to recieve the one-hour rating shall be hung in place as specified in this Section: 14, Tin-clad wood-core-- doors with the core made of three (3) plies of wood one (1) inch n6minal' in �thicknese and covered with sheet metal, the door to be constructed in accordance with the Underwriters ' Standardfor Tin-Clad Fire-Doors and Shutters.," Edition of August, 1935., and its subsequent amendmentsv as publi-shed, by the Underwritdrst Labora- tories. 2-9 Sheet metal doors constructed of two (2) sheets of metal of not less than tWenty-six (26) U* Be Gauge corrugated sheet metal, one sheet on each side of a structural steel frame,,, corrugations vertical on one- side 'and horizontal on the other. and having ,not less than one- sixteenth (i/16) of�--an Inch of asbestos placed,: in between the two metal sheets* 3* Sheet metal doors constructed of two (2) sheets of metal of not less thantwenty-six (26) U., Se Gauge fastened to a structural steel frame In such manner as to leave a one (1) inch space in the 10anels,, which space shall be filled with asbestos and with a one-eighth (1/8- ) Inch asbestos covering on the stiles and structural steel frame. Fire-resistive doors used for openings .in stairway enclosures, corridors and passageways., moving -picture booths, room partitions, ex- terior walls facing streets or more than twenty-five (25) feet from ad- jacent property lines and for "Ordinary Fire Separationg., as specified in Section B-20 shall be constructed as specified for one of the following typess ls 2,, 3.* 4,, .5., or 6 or any door which will provide equivalent protection against fire when hung in place -do specified in this Section* 49 Tin-clad wood-core doors made of two (2) plies of wood one (1)' inch nominal inthiekneas and covered with sheet metal., the door to be construoted in accordance with the "Underwritersy Standard for Tin- Clad �Fire Doors and Shutters" Edition of August,, 1935,, -and its subsequent amendmentsp as published by the Underwriters ' Laboratories. 5e Sheet metal doors as specified in paragraph 3 above, but with one-fourth (J) of an inch of asbestos placed between the .metal sheets In the nelsand with -no asbestos required on the stiles and structural frame: 6* Metal-clad doors which shall be wood panel doors with frame not less than one and three-fourths (1 3/4) inches in thick- ness and with wood panels not less than three-fourths (3/4) of an inch in thickness, the whole door covered with not less than number twenty-six (26) gauge metal* The panels of such doors shall fit into the frame not less than three-fourths (3/4) of an inch and all joints of metal shall be lapped and nailed tightly to the wood frame* Metal shall in all cases be fastened to the wood or metal frame by nailingi bolting or riveting and no solder shall be used on any door except for filling of joints. Glass panel's of one-quarter inch wire glass shall be permitted in any of the. above doors .except when such doors are used on openings in fire walls., fire division walls, all openings for the stage portion of any Group P, building or for openings in "Special Fire Separations.," as specifiedin Section B- 20 Such glass panels shallibe not more than ,seven hundred and twenty (720) , square inches in area, nor exceed fifty-four (54)' inches in height or f6rty-eight (48) inches in widthe, Grooves not less than three-fourths ,(3/P 4) of an inch in depth and three-eighths (3/8) of an inch wide., providing,, not less than fiv6-eighths (5/9) of an inch of bearing for the glas's shall be required* Fire doors bearing the label of the Underwriters' Labora- tories, Incorporated, shall be accepted as meeting the requirements of any of the above doorso Hardware for sheet metal and tin-clad fire doors referred to in paragraphs Noe 1. 20 3. and 4. shall be made of good quality malleable iron not less than one-fourth (T1) of an inch thick or of flat rolled structural steel not less than three-eighths (3/8) ofan inch thick; provided,, that tubular steel track made of at least one-eighth (1/8-� inch steel may be used. Sliding tracks shall be supported so that a wall fastening is directly oppoeite each door hanger when door is in a closed position* Hangers supporting doors shall be fastened to the door with not less than three (3) one-half (-') inch bolts. extending through the door* Latohes for fire doors shall be not less than two and one-half Inches by three-eighths inch (2-1ffflx3/811)., and latch bars shall be not less than one and one-half inches by one-fourth inch (1111 Hardware for swinging hollow metal and metal-clad doors as referred to in paragraphs Noe 5 and 6 shall be made as follows : HINGES. For doors not exceeding eight (8) feet in height the hinges shall be of steel or bronze* If made of steel they may be either full, half surfaced, or butt hinges four and one-half inches by four and one-half inches Rk"OxQ") and not less than one-eighth (1/8) inch in thickness* If made of bronze they shall be butt hinges four and one-half by four and one-half inches (4X211x4-,3,-11) 'and not less than three-sixteenths 1 (3/16) of an inch in thicknesa. When bronze hinges are used a steel stud and socket shall be provided at eachhinge, The studs shall be attached to the rear jamb and shall engage a socket at least three-fou* rths (5/4) inch deep in rear edge of the door* LOCKS. Doors shall be provided with amortise or unit look which has a latch bolt with a throw of not less than three-fourths (3/4) of an incho When mounted in pairs thenormally standing door shall have a push bolt at the top and at the bottom which has a throw of not less than three-fourths (374) of an inch* I Special looking devices shall be provided as required in Article 25 under Occupancy, also as provided in Sections B_ 251 ASTRAGALS. Swinging fire doors mounted in pairs shall be provided with at least one astragal attached to one door and overlapping the opposite door at least three-fourths (3/4) of an inch, The above provision need not apply when the doors meet on a mullione. (a) Fire doors required by this Code shall be installed in the manner prescribed in the "Regulations of the National Bo - ard of Fire Underwriters for the Proteetion. of Openings in Walls and Partitions Against Fires " recommended by the National Fire Protection Association, Edition effective October 15, 1930, and corrected to May lstp 1935s or its subsequent amendments* (b) Fire-Resistive Shutters . One-hour fire-resistive shut- ters shall be constructed as specified for any one of the types of fire- resistive doors specified in part (a) of this section. (a) one-hour Fire-resistive Windows* One-hour fire-resis- tive windows shall have frames and sash of solid metal bars or hollow metal forms fabricated by pressing, welding or crimping together but not by the use of solder. or other fusible alloy. All glass used in fire-resistive windows shall be wire glass and shall be not less than one- fourth (J) of an.inch in thickness and no one light shall exceed sevenbundred and twenty (720) square inches In area* Grooves three- fourths (3/4) of an inch in depth shall be provided and glass so arranged as to have not less than five-eighths (5/8) of an inch of bearing in hollow metal frame and with grooves not less than one-half (J) inch and with glass provided withinot less than three-eighths (3/8) of an Inch of bearing in windows of solid metal section. Continuous glazing angles shall be provided on the inside. Fire-resistive windows with hollow metal frames shall be limited to a maximum size of sixty (60) square feet -with a six (6) foot maximum,width and a ten (10) foot maximum height for double hung and counter-balanced windows and to a maximum size of seventy (70) square feet with a seven (7) foot maximum width and ten (10) foot maximum height for stationary windows* Solid metal section windows shall be limited to a maximum size of eighty-four (84) square feet in area with a maximum dimension in either direction of twelve (12) feet. Multiple section windows of these above sizes may be used when hollow' metal or solid section mullions are provided* Hollow metal mull- ions shall be limited to a maximum length of twelve (12) feet and shall be used for hon-bearing purposes only* Solid section mullions when used in lengths exceeding twelve (12) feet shall be fireproofed as required in Section B-300 in accordance with the fire-resistive construction of the building in which they are placed, Where fire-resistive windows are required by this Codes wood sash and plain glass may be substituted when protected as specified in Parts (a) and . (b) of this Section* Pire-resistive windows bearing the label of the Underwriters ' Laboratoriess Incorporated, shall be accepted as on6-hour fire-resistive windows. Occupants of building shall close all fire doorsp shutters and windows at the close of each business day. Section B-304* ROOF COVERINGS* Roof coverings for all buildings shall be either "Fire Res or "Non-Combustible" roofings as specifically required by either Location in the Zoning Code or by Type of Construction. The roof covering shall be securely fastened to the supporting roof construction, The exposed edge of wood sheathing in all cases shall be covered and protected with copper drips and stops. ,The edges of gravel surface roofs when not bound by parapet .walls shall be protected with copper drips and stops to protect exposed surfaces of wood and also prevent the displacement of the surface material. Section B-305* FIRE RESISTAXT ROOFINGS,. (a) "Fire Resistant" roofings shall be any roof covering which meeEs any one of the following requirements, or shall be any roofing meeting the requirements of Class A or B ,specifications of the Underwriters ' Laboratoriess Incorporated. Roofings bearing the label, and laid in the manner provided by the Under- writers ' Laboratories, lnc*,% for Class-- A and B may beaceepted as meeting the requirements of this section for fire resistant roofs* - fel (b) Roof coverings built of roll roofings roofing felt, t me'mbranes or asphalt shingles* shallLconform to the following require. �ments as -to physioal' properties:Lof materials, weights., ,number of layers and method of layinge The following requirements shall not be construed to prohibit the use of more layers., substitution of materials with heavier dry felt base content of similar quality and of not less than equal finished weight Of material so substituted, (a) All metal flashingsp counter flashings, drips, eta., shall be not less than 16 oz, sheet copper. ME,T HOD OF LAYING The first layer shall be spot-mopped a'nd tin-capped and nailed to the solid, matched sheaVh_inrj-., not, over tAve (12) inches on centers and shall be thoroughly, mopped between each additional layer with a bituminous compound so. that -no one layer touches -Lumiopped the layer next above. Bitiuninous compound for mopping plys together shall be refined asphalt or coal tar pitch. but- , shall not be any type of emulsion., cold cut ! back liquid cement, oil or greases 1. Not less than two layers No* 32. (30 lb. asphalt roofing) or. No. 41 '(40 lb. asbestos roofing) * For top layer see -note below* 2a Not, less' than four' layers No. 15 (14 The asphalt felt) . For top layer see note below* 3o ' 'Not less than three layers of a combination of No. 32 (30 lb. asphalt roofing) or No. 41 (40 lb. asbestos roofing) and No. 15 (ld lb, asphalt felt) or No. 14 (14 lb-. asbestos felt) ., For top layer see note below* 4. Not. less than three layers of No. 1:8 (18 ,lb. asbestos felt membrane) or Noo 20 (20 The asphalt membrane) , For top layer see note below* 5# Not less - than one layer of to. 30 (26 lb. asphalt felt)� roofing felt and two layers of 'No,. 15 (14 lb. asphalt felt) or No. .14 )14 lb. asbestos felt,) or No. 18,. (181b. asbestos felt membrane), or No* 20 (20 lb. asphalt membrane) . For top -layer see note below*, NOTE.1i The' abovecoMposition fire .resistant roofings shall be thoroughly mopped between layers- wiith a bituminous compound so that no one layer touches UnMo-pped the layer next above, and every roof covering shall have for its .top layer, a layer of No. 82 or any i:Aneral'. surfaced roofing bearing , the Class C ,label of the Underwriters ? Laborator- ies, Inc., or � such .rpof covering shall be entirely covered with a flowing coat of bitimiinous compound and c6mpletely � covered� with gravel,, crushed rock, crushed .brick, other crushed earthenware or similar mineral sur- f acing material., a suf f icient quantity -being embedded in the bitiu-ainous compound in accordance . with good standard practice*' 6 HYDR&ULIC 001,1PRE 6SED 1�IGID. S'HIN'GLES not less than one- eighth (1/8) i-n:Fh tb-ich, compos-ed of Portland c6ment and asbestos fibres2 laid over a- layer 'of saturated- felt weighing not less than No. Z52 (30 lbs..) to -.the one hundred . (10Q) square feet, The af oresaid Xelt may be omitted -,Wllen' tho' cor-apressed shingles" ar,e- ..pl,aced over an existing roof covering, and shall be secured with riot; less than two* (2) cop-per nails penetrating at least three"fourths (3/41) of an inch into wood ,deck$ and storm nails where -orovided* in shingles. -0hen there is no parapet wall on E,:,able edge, shingles shall be protected by copper metal strip and sh-Ingles shall not Droject more than one-half 00 inch at the face eave. '2 7. 1100D SHINGLES used as�:roof covering shall be of non- resinous wood, such as red , cedar,, cypress or rediwoodo (These woods are approved, as they provide a slow-burning and '!,fire resistant qualit7) . (a) All wood shingles for application as permanent roof covering shall be of 100% heart wood,, lbb% clear o'L defects, and 100eal vertical grain and uniform inthicl-mess; the following thicImess to be standard or minimum, (b) Wood shingles. bearing an approved certificationlabel, ce-otifying compli&nce wi th standard C. S. 3.1-35., of not less than Hool grade., of the U6 So Departraent of Corriierce., , Bureau of Standards, and its subsequent ai-tiendements, may be accepted as meeting the requirements of 'this Code* 1611 s'hingles shall measure 211 across , fa,ce, ,,of 5 butts .- 1811 shingles shall measutre 2-L11 across face of 5 butts* 2411 shingles shall raeasure .2-111 across face of 5 butts. (e) Vertical Grain Specifications may be omitted on 100% heart wood shingles when butt thickness is 5/811 of each unit, or 3 1/611 across the face of 5 butts* (d) Vertical Grain� Speeifieations may be omitted on heart wood shingles when used under, 00ver I coursq, to produce shadow courses or doubling at eaves* (e) APPLICATION. No wood shingle may be applied with more than one-third of the lengtH.-.7exposed to the weathers after deducting lff for head lap; the following, shall be approved exposures: LENGTH OF SHINGLE 16H 180 24" _3.U 8" rise to the foot will be 5 52 7j" 7n rise to the foot will be 4 3/4" 5j" 7t" 611 rise to the foot will be 4w"n 5" 7" 5" rise to the foot will be 4 3/4" 6 -3/4" 4" rise to the foot will be 411 4a 6j" 311 rise to the foot will be 3 3/40 4j" (Not e -t, ,,hat 'the exposure shortens W3'"' .with each inch less of roof, pitch) . No Application of wood shingles will be permitted over existing wood shinglesp provided.., howevers that wherethe existing wood shingles are removed., application will be- permitted as .'Provided in this Code for repalr `work'e� (g) Application of wood shingles shall be upon open sheathing., evenly spaced the same number of inches from center' to center as the exposure to insure uniform nailing points* (h) All' flashingss ridges, drip-strips and roof appurtenances shall be of copper. Od approved copper nails shall be the minimum approved size of nails permitted, - Shingles shall be fastened with two, (2.) nails to the sheathing. U) No wood shingle application over composition roof ecuerings. will,-be permitted. B.. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITION ROOFING, roll roofing, roofing felts or felt membrane shall conform to following require- ments : , (a) Felt I Is. the dry or de-saturated product produced by "Felting" vegetable . or animal fibres or other suitable materials; or "Felting" not less than eighty-five (85) per,' cent by weight of asbestos fibres* (b) Felt shall be smooth and when split or torn on the bias shall appear free from lumps of underbeaten stock or fragments of metal, leather or rubber, (c) Roofing felt is felt saturated with a bituminous saturant s then coated on both sides with a bituminous coating and then surfaced on both sides With powdered tale., mica or other suitable mineral matter; providedo that such roll roofing need not be coated nor surfaced if felt is produced from asbestos andtwo or more layers are used in e0m- bination* (d) Felt membrane is felt saturated with bituminous saturant, then coated on one or both sides with a bituminous coatings (e) Saturant and Coating shall be principally of bitumin with a flash point of not less thqn four hundred (400) degrees Fahr enheit by the Pinsky-Martin closed-cup method* (f) Weight of roll roofings, roofing felts and felt- m embrane dry or de-saturatod'.1felt,,, and:,percentage;- of saturation shall conform to not less than the,, fi inimiin.reguir'ements given in the followin 0:� C M 9 tables Reference jVtO per 'Felt Wt. -Saturation Number Name of Designation 108. sq, ft. '-per 108 Percent a ge s C1 I Hos 32 Roll Roofing 30 6.5 (V) _ 1 130 No*- 41. Roll Roofing 40 13.0 (A) 50 NO* 43 Roll Roofing 41. 6A (A)*1 40 No,, 42 Roll Roofing .40 1 10.0 (V) t 140 Noe. 82 Roll -R.00fi4g 80 1010 (V)** 140' . No. 15 Roofing Felt 14' 5.6 (VI 140 No* 14 Roof ing Felt 14 9*5 (A) 4&- No. 18 'Felt Membrane 18 50 No" 20 Felt'-,b.lembrane 20 5 1-00 (VX 120 No* 301. Roofing Felt 26 1000 (V) 140, f NOTES: 11 (V)11 de,signates .'. felt that is. produc6d by :felting vegetable and animal fibreso (A) designates ,the, felt that ''is, produced by felting asbestos,� fibres. No. 43 roll roofing is produced -with two or. more layers of pounds felt, each weighing 6A cemented together in 'the process of manufacture,* No. 82'roll..u>of ing' is a mineral surfaced product. (g) Test. Methods, used td �determine the physical- properties of. roll roofing., roofing felt,, or felt .membrane shall be tho'se , methods set forth in the "Standard. Methods of Testing 'Felted and, Woven. Fabrics Satur.-Aed with Bituminous Substances For Use in Waterproofing- and Roofing. " 0 A. S. T. Id. Designation D 146-27, of the American' Society for Testing I Mate and its subsequent' editions* rials (a) NON-CUY1BU3TIBLE ROOFINGS.,, shall' .be any Section B 306. roof covering which,mects any ne of thefollowing- requir-ements : 1. BARRVr, OR 111ISSION TILE shall be spaced-, so that covers will lap pan tile at least ,211 on each side at ,each ,end , of tile. Pan tile. shall lap �,Iength_'wise at :least 2ff -and cover tile shall. :Iap 311, .2* FLAT. 3HINGLE TILE-*' The third .course of shingles shall lapthe first course of shingM_2116 3*: INTER LOCKING TILE is -to be laid atcordihg' -to -manufacturer's specificati6ns�$ 4* PRH-CAST COYCHETE, SIABS :OR SX�VED STONE SUBS. laid shingle f ashion shall be-7ecured in- approved manner* 5* FLAT OR LTODER- 1,1ISTIC ROOFS OR 1,VLRQUIS constructed as specified in Axtic:16 .18 shall be overlaid with a built-up roofing similar to .the, 111,111ater Proofing Membrane" specified in -this Section or approved cop,per,, roofing and.' shall have copper f.l.ashings, drips, etc.., as specified in this Section. (b) C112ONT BEDI, All Roof Tile or Slabs shall be firmly em- bedded- in cement mortar mixed, one part cement and two parts clean sharp sand. 1HG 1,21,11RA WO LRPROOTPI LTE Before ap Tile or plyin y -it ir 6 roof deck s.� be c o ver e d� with thirty (30) pound 818b roofing, the *ei _all roof ing, laid with f our (4)L inch lap 'and the entire surface of -the felt tin-capped on, twelve (12) inch centers both ways . .�Over ,the thirty (30) und felt roofing lay �gri .e1i 0) pound sla-te,s-urfaced- roofi po, f Olt mopped so-lid'with fo,u� r4, (4) inch laps,�, W YLASHINGS, ETC: All flashings, counter flashing., valley flashing, drips., gatterso downspouts, conductors., and .other sheet metal work in connection with roofing shall be of sheet copper of a minimum weight of sixteen (16) ouneese All eaves., rakes and edges shall have copper stops and drips, (e) CEMENT ROOFING TI1Z: Before Cement Roofing Tile is delivered to the building site -F—cettifioate shall be furnished the Building Inspector from an approved testing laboratory., showing that the tile to be used has been..fabricated in accordance with the following requirements and has been tested and found in accordance therewith* le CEMENT: Domestic Portland cement shall be used in the manufacture of 'co—ne-r-Tefe roofingtile and shall meet the requirements of the current Standard Specification for Portland Cement adopted by the American Society for Testing Materials** 2* AGGREGATES: Shall be well graded and free from harmful amounts of soluEle salTs, organic matter and other deleterious material which might produce offloreseeneee Particular care should be taken -in selecting the source of aggregate, and its weathering qualities fully determined* All material used in conerete 'tile should pass a W" screen. The mix used should not be leaner than one part of Portland Cement to three parts of well-graded, durable sand. If it is found that a mix of one part of Portland Cement to three parts of sand produces a harsh mix, the proportion of- sand -shall be reduced so that a workable mix -can be obtained* 3& MIXING: Shall be mechanical and continue for' not less than three minutes aYt—erall materials and water are in the mixere 49 CURING: After Manufacture,, the tile shall be placed on racks and perMATE—W—to harden before they are stacked. The tile shall be stacked as soon as possible., but in no case shall they be permitted to remain-ion the .racks for a period longer than twenty.-four hours. After the tile are, staeked, they shall be covered with damp burlap, which shall be kept continuously moist for a period of ninety-six hours. The burlap can then be removed and the tile allowed to dry� slowly under coverp' pro- teeted from the sun, for a period not less than fourteen days (including curing period.) No tile is to be shipped for a period of- less than twenty- eight days after manufacture (including curing period.) The tile may be cured for the same periods of time by using a water spray 'or steam curing in place of the wet burlap. All curing shall be done under a roof or shed where tile are protected from the sun and wind* Alternate wetting and drying of the tile during curing period Is prohibited* All curing shall be done at a temperaturs.,not lower than 60 degrees Fahrenheit* 5* TESTING OF TILE: All roofing tile manufactured in accord- anoe with these specifications'. when tested in the following manner, shall meet the following requirements.- (a) SHINGLE TYPE TILE shall be subjected to the Modulus of Rupture and Absorption tests, essentially as outlined in A., S. T. Mo Standard Method of Testing Brick., Serial' Designation 0 67-37,, The average Modulus of rupture shall be not less than 300 pounds per square inch, with no individual specimen less than 250 pounds per square inch. The absorp. tion shall average not more- than 12%., with no individual specimen exceeding 14%* (b) BARREL OR MISSION -TYPE TILE shall be tested for crushing strength and absorption essentially as ined in A. S* T. M, Standard Specification for Concrete Sewer Pipe, Serial Designation C 14-35, The Crushing strength shall average not less than 350 pounds per lineal.foot of tile, with no individual specimen being less than 259 pounds per lineal foot of tile* The absorption .shall average not more than 12%.,. with no individual specimen exceeding 14%. 0 "iRTICLE 36. PERMI'iliENT OCCUP,'�,NCY OF PUBLIC PROPERTY Section B-307. FBRIL11432iT OCCUP�LNCY OF PULLIC PROPILRTY: No portion of any building whatsoever nor any accessorythereto other than .signs: and awnings I- Which are specifically covered by "'rticle 37 end -she.11 project over the public street, alley sidewealk or other public , 'Olace, except as specified In this' Section. See Section Z-23 paragraphs (b) , (c) and (d) and Section VZ-�'n, paragraphs (b) , (c) and (d) , of the 4.0ning Code. (a) No Bay,. Oriel or ' show window shall project beyond the building line at any point, except cornices of show windows more than ten (10) fe,et above curb level may project not more than eig hte en (18) inches beyond the buil.ding line.. :Y (b) R o o f c brn!ce,6 C'o n s't rue t e ci D f f I r e r.,e s I s t I vp m,��t e r 1 1 s I f more than ten(IO), feet above the siaewalk or alley may project over a public street not more than forty , (Q) inches. The construction and anchorage of 'all such.,projections, shall be subject to the approve. l. of the Building Inspector and may be', erected only u­,pon a revo�,ablle permit issued S'pe rrosive by the Building In act6'r. lill mataYanchors, shall. be of non-co metal. (c) Copper gutters and conductors shall be affixed toall projections overh,-L:,ngihg public property. (d) Fixed marquise, porches and exterior' -b,,alconi,es shall not be. per-L,aitteCll 'to project over any public property except as herl-ein �specjfi.ed: 1. Marquise and exterior balconies designed in accordance with the engineering section of� this , Code, and not accessible or to be used for human occupancy, shall be ' supported in an approved manner, entire- ly from the building, and the construction shall be of. steel, iron, rein,- forced concrete or any incombustible material. Such marquise or exterior bal, cony shall be at least ten (10) feet in the clear betveen the lowest point of any projection and the sidewf-,lk ir=ediately belo,w, Exterior balconies sh��11 extend not more than three (3) feet from the building marquise shall extend not -(aore than nine (9) feet from the building and never closer t) than twelve (12) inches measured from the curb line, Idarquize and exterior balconies shall not support any enclosures or structures with roof above. The roof of any marquise or exterior balcony shall be sloped to downspouts which shall corfduct* any drainage under the sidewe.lk to the curb. 2. Porches and exterior .b1s).1conies to be used for human occu- pancy, snall not be constructed over public .property. 3.. Livery marquise, porch or exterior , balcony shnll be so loca- ted as not to interfere with the operation of 'any standpipes, stairwt7�ys or exits from the building and such location shall meet with, the approval of the .Building Ins-p"ector. 4. Construction specifle6' in this Section may be erected only upon revokable permit Issued, by the Building Inspector. ( e) -Water ' tablesl belt courses, sills, bases' columns, plas- ters capi-tals or otiier decorative features shall. not, project more than six �6) inches beyohd eny lot line, end shall be securely bonded to the exterior wall. Such projection may b6 erected only upon a revocable per- mit issued by the' Building Inspector. (f) No part of any show window, store front or show case except r (e) of this Section, shall project the sill , as provided In parag aph beyond the property line. Doors shall not project beyond the* -Property line bordering a street and shall not project into an alley. (g) It shall be unlawful to construct beneath or under any side- Irialk, any excavation, vault, cellar-way or other sub-structures) or to make ngs through aay street or sidewalk ln�11iami Shore's Village, into any openi other substructure, or to any such cellar-way, excavation or use any such sidewalk or areawayss collar ope, ningst underground vaults, or other substructures., for any purpose whatsoever or to erect co truct s ns s operate, use or permit to be used or to exist in front of anybuilding usedlor occupied, any such areaway, cellar or� openlhg, or other sub- structure beneath the sidewalk. (h) In-alloys a curb or buffer block extending not more than nine (9) inches.. from the face of the building and not more .than nine (9) inches above the .adjaeent alley grade may be installed* ARTICLE 37*, SIGNS. CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE. Sectio'n Bw-506- (A)' 'Wq sigrivshall hereafter ',be constructed, erected , altered or -rbpdired in Miami Sh.ores Village.- contr 11 ary to the pro- o visions of the Zoning Code and- which do not conform to the requirements hereinafter specified. (b) No signs sign board, or',other, similar advertising device shall be erected, placed, maintained or I continued in Miami Shores Village' in suoh .manner that such signs. sign board., - or other similar advertising device shall extend into., ons over., or above any public walkway or parkway, (c) VIOLATIONS. Each separate day on which any such sign., sign boards or similar advertising device shall, be so erecteds placed., maintained or ,allowed to .stands in or extending into., over or above any public walk, way or parkway shall constitute a separate violations and the existence of any Such sign, sign board, shall be prima facie evidence of a violation by the party or parties ,at such time in possession of such abutting property* (d) The constructions erection and maintenance Ofall signs using electric power inany manner shall be subject to the requirements of Electrical Code of Miami ,8hords Village and its subsequent amendments. Section B-3090 PROHIBITED SIGNS: All "billboards and general Advertising Sighs", "Banner Signs".. -I'ProjectIng Signsit 9 "Bulletin and Poster Boards" and "Roof Signs" as 'hereinafter defined are prohibited and shall .not be permitted within the limits of Miami Shores Village. For the purpose of this Code,, the, following definitions., terms and their applicationshall be4used and applied in the sections embodied in this Code* (a) The term "Billboards and General Advertising Signp" .shall apply to display boards., screens. or structures used as such and having characterss-letters or illustrations applied thereto in any manner, (b) The term "Banner, signs" shall apply to all signs produced on cloth, paper or fabric .of any kinds either with or without frames. (a) The te;rm ,"Sign or "Signboards" shall apply to any ,display .board or screen carrying characters Or illustrations and intended to be erected parallel to the face or on the outside wall of any' building or .buildings or upon any 'marquee or upon open lots* (d) The term "pro,jecting signs" shall apply to any display board or screen carrying characters or illustrations ,thereon and erected on the face or outside wall of any -building and prbjecting out at an . angle therefrome . (e) The term "roof signs" sh-all apply to display boards, screens or structural steel frames intended to carry characters of illustra. tions produced in pigment, colors or upon applied paper or by means of electric light and intended to be erected upon the roofs of buildings* (f) The term "bulletinff and, 11poster boards" shall. apply to structures especially built for the display of characterev lettering or designs* All of which may be produced by applying pigment or colors directly thereto.. or .by applyiAg paper sheets upon which such characters., lettering or illustrations may already have. been producibde Section B-309. PErd,,-;ITS WID LICENSES. Permits (a) No sign or signboard over three (3) square fee't in area,, bulletin.. or . poster board shall be erected or .materially altered unless a permit shall have first been secured from the Building Inspector, except in' case . of repairing or rebuildin such sign- for the purpose of making it secure and safe* A., permit fee of%1*00 shall be assessed for each permit above that required by the Electrical Codee (b) Permits will not be necessary for signs announcing the business name or line of business or both � of the.. owner.. when such sign is to be painted directly upon a glass window parallel to the wall thereof in which such business is conductede nor for temporary signboards advertis- 'that such signs are ing the occupancy., sale or rental of property., provided not of more than three (3) square feet in area4 (c) applications for permits for signboards shall be accompanied by such drawings and, d6scriptiohs as are necessary to , fully advise* and acquaint the Building Inspector with the ^locations., -construction, weight, materials, and manner of illuminating and of securing or fastening such proposed signs together with method of prote.ction due to, wind stresses* (d) If �salid sign,. as indicated in said drawings and ddscr ip- tions, shall be in-accordance with,-'thO provisions,' of this Code and is a proved by the Planning Board as .req-aired b the Zoning Ordinance, then P y .9 the said Building Inspector shall issue a permit forlthe arection, of any such signs upon the payment of the prescribed fee* (e) Licenses , No person, shall make or paint any sign, or poster board for any purpose under the provisions. of this ordinance without a lic6nseo Section B-310. INISPECT10K OF SIGNS. (a) Should upon inspection by the Building Inspector any sign be found unsafe or insecure,, or not properly built.9 according to the requirements of this ordinance., t he owner shall be required- to make it safe and secure and of proper construc- tion within forty-eight (48) hours from the time of notification in writing to that effect from the Building .Inspector2 and if said notice is not complied with, within the ti-nie specified, the Building Inspector. shall cause same to be removed at. the' expense of the owner. Section B 311* GENjak-T, C0_rTDj_TI01TS. 4,11 signs attached to or placed on any building shall be thoroughly secured thereto by. non-corrosive sign hooks, anchors2 boltb2 supports, chains, stranded cables or braces . No staples or wooden plugs shall be used for s-curing any signs to a building* (a) Sign or signboards on Buildings* The face of all signs oV signboards attached to and p�aced parallel to the facelof walls of buildings when more than two feet in height,, or if more than 100 feet in area, shall be of metal - (or fireproof material) , except the outer moulding, which may be of wood, substantially mounted -upon wood or me.tal frame. (b) Obstruction of Windows, etc* No -sign or signboard shall be at tached to or placed .,against 9. building in such a manner as to prevent ingress or egress through any door or window of any building.,' nor shall any .sign or signboard obstruct or be attached to a fire escape in any form., shape or. manner* Section B-312* SIGNS ACROSS STREETSt MIC. No sign of :any character shall be permitted7-fo-project or besuspended across any public street, 'and no person shall 'paint,, . paste,, print or nail any banner sign., paper sign, or any advertisement or notice of any kind whatsoever., ,or cause same to be done on any curbstone, flagstone,, '.or any other portion or part of any sidewalk or street.. or upon any trees., lamp post., hitching post., telephone pole, telegraph pole, hydrant, i bridge, or upon any other struc- ture within the limits of Mliami Shores V llage, except by and with, the .,,permission of the Village Council, except legal notices -required by- law to be so posted: . Section B-313. FLAT ELECTRIC SIGNS: A.11 parts of any such electric signs, whether of exterior or interior illumination., shall be of metal or other ,non-oomb-astible material., excepting that other material may be used for trim, letters, or ornamentations If placed at least two inches from any lamp,, receptacle or �current carrying wire. No such electric sign which is attached and placed parallel with thelace of walls of the building shall have a greater area than one hundred (100) square feet s and no part thereof shall .eXtend more than ' twenty (20) inchesfrom the wall. Section B-314. IMPRINT, UOTERIS OR M14,12RIS NAM. Signs of dass must carrythe imprint of the manufacturer or producer in clearly legible letters .either as an imprint board above the sign, or applied in ,the border there of,-in ,color or by-, nfetal ,td. ARTICLE 38. ORBs ESCALATORS DUMBWAITERS�: CON-5TRUCTION A�t MAINTTK—ANCE Section B-316. GENERAL. (a) In addition to the require- �ments of this Article, the constructions alteration., use and maintenance ,of all elevators, escalators and dumbwaiters shall comply with the requirements of "Safety Code for Elevators" recommended by the American Standards Association -1925 Edition and ' its subsequent editions and amendments, (b) In addition to the above requirements and subject to the inspection and approval of the E1ectrical - Inspoctor of Miami Shores Village, the installation of any and all ,electric wiring apparatus or appli- ance and power for all elevatorso escalators and dumbwaiters shall comply with the requirements of the- Eleetrical, Code of Miami Shores Village. (a) Elevators and escalators shall not be included in the calculation of the number of stairways required in this Code, (d) Stairways shall abutt on not more than one side of an elevator enclosure, (e) Walls and partitions of shafts and chutes and openings therein shall comply with the requirements of Article '22* (f) Not more than two (2) elevators shall be allowed in � one enclosure. (g) Any hand power elevator shall comply with all the requirements of this Section.. ,No belt elevators driven from a countershaft shall be installed for passenger. service. Section B-316. DEFINITIONS* (a) The. term. ttelevatorlt as used in this Code shall include all elevators., escalators or lifts used for carrying passengers or freight* (b) The term "dumbwaiter" shall include such special form of elevators the dimensions -of which do -not exceed six (6) square feet in horizontal section and four (4) feet in height, and which is used -for the conveyance of small packages.,and merchandise. Section B-317. Before any elevator shall hereafter be, installed or altered in any buildings the owner shall submit on appropriate blanks furnished therefor, to the Building Inspector an application stating the construction and. mode of operation of such elevator to be installed or altered, accompanied by such plans and drawings as may be necessary, and shall obtain his approval therefor. Before 'any such elevator shall be put into service,, the same shall have been duly tested- and Inspected by the Building Inspector and a certificate of inspection and �approval obtained. In making any change or alterations to elevator shafts., railss overhead machinery or power, all the work changed or altered shall be made to conform to these regulations* Section B-318* CARRYING CAPACITY. The manufacture of any elevator hereafter placed in any buildliig, , sharl—cause to be fastened in a conspicuous place ln. said , elevator, a metal plate having suitable raised letters on same whioh"shall designate %the .number of pounds which said elevator shall be permitted to carry, but in no case-shall a carrying capacity of less than one hundred (100) pounds per square foot of plat- form area inside th' e car be �perriiitted on any passenger elevators Section B-319. 'DOORS AND THEIR CONTROL. Not more than one door in the elevator shafts shall Be allowed on eaFh floor.. and all openings in the , several stories shall be one above the other, except � . where the operating �'device of"the , eleva'tor is so placed 'that, the operator can. readily control all doors without 1 eaving the car�,control, in which case more than one door op ning may be permitted on a flo or* All elevators hereafter installed in vertical shafts shall be, controlled by some mechanical device that will automatically pervent the car being moved until the dMft door or Sate atwhich the, car * is standing, is shutand securely fastened; and vfnich will prevent any of its gates, or doors being moved until the shaft-,do or or r gate at which the car is standinR, shaLll be locked or bolted', all in such a manner as to permit opening 9nly, by the operator of *the care Section B-320a CARS. Elevator cars shall be constructed of incombustible materials, except that flooring may be of hardwood. There shall be not more than one and one quarter (1-&) inches space between the floor of the car and the floor saddles.I Vand where the saddles project , into the 'shaft the same shall be properly leveled on the underside* The under side of the car shall be of -incombustible materialse Cars for all elevators shall . be properly lighted, Section B-321* GUIDE, RAILS. ' AL11 guide rails for both car and countervilights shall be� of stFe-1 ,, and shall, b.e bolted to the sides of the shaft with steel or cast iron brackets, so s-Qaced tlq-at the guide rails will be rigid. The splices in the rails shall, be located as near such rigid supports as possible, Section .3-322o . FREIC-!--.TT 4801D PALSSENGER COI,,1_6111ATION PROHIBITED. No passenger elevator - shail be permitted have a freight compartment attached to it in. any manner* Section B-3934 GR.LiT T 11 G AT TOP -OF SHAY'T. : Immediately 'under the sheaves at the 'top of every elevator sha I ft -1-n--any building,, there � shall be provided a concrete slab, .or substantial .grating of ste'el having not more than one (1) inch -'space between the members of said grating, and .of such constructi6n, as shall be approved by the Building Inspector* , Section B-3240 OFENLINGS A!A�D CLIJL'�RAXCE; TOP RND BOTTOi�'i OF WuP,.J,,T �i clear space of not less than three (3)' feet shall be provided between , the bottom of the shaft and the lowest point of the underside of- the I car floor when the ' car is at its . lowest landinE; and between the top of the cross head of the car and. the underside of the overhead grating when the car is- at its top landingo Section B-325* IvLkCHINL,;RY ENCLOSURE. P machinery shall be enclosed_'Ty_� sui1&_a_ble p 11 parts of the elevator artitlons of incombustible materials, and. such enclosures shall be lighted. Free and safe access shall be provided to all --Parts of the elevator machinery, 'Where,the machine is located at t, he bottom- of the shaft it shall be prot-ected with a substantial pit pan* Section B-326, BUFFER. At the top and bottom of all elevator shafts there. shall be Placed ,subsEantial buffer springs for car and counterweights Section B-327. LIV:!H; LOADS. The carrying beams and other supports for all machinery shall be of steel designed for double the live, loads to be supported* Section B-328o 21,, Gj2NCY EXITS.. ,Every passenger elevator shall have a traD door in the top o-771-h-ecOr of such a size as to afford. easy egress for pass'engers,o ' Section B-529. SPEED AND 3AK-;TY D'EVICES. It shall be un- lawful to use any elevator that is not provided witH safety devices for bringing the elevator car to rest without serious injury to passengers or o-oerators whenever it may for, any reason exceed its rated. speed- by more than forty per cent* Section B-330. INSPECTIONS. (a) The Building Inspector shall cause an Inspection of elevators carrying passengers or employees to be made at least once every three (5) months.,* and shall require any necessary repairs to be made -promptly by the ownere If the Building Inspector at any time considers an elevator to be unsafes, he may require its operation to cease until such repairs or. alterations have been made as will, in his judgment., produce safetyo (b) The inspection fee. b7 the Building Inspector for each such inspection shall be one ($1.00) ', Dollare- (a) In lieu of such. inspection by his own Departments, the Building Inspector may accept the report -of inspections made by -other reliable and properly constituted aubhorities which in his judgment are competent and satisfactory* (d) The Building Inspector shall issue and enforce such other regulations regarding the construction, erection, operation or re- pair of elevators as he may consider necessary to insure safety. ARTICLE 39. AWNINGS, AWNING-SHUTTERS,9 ROLLER-CURTAINS COlaTRUCTION,. PERMITS REQWED AND PBRMISSABLE: USE Section B-331* (A) GENERAL.. All awning., awning-shutter., rpller-curtain, detachable canvas or other ,cloth protection., shall here.. after be constructed or erected in Miami Shores ,Village,, shall comply with the provisions of this Codes the requirements of this Article,, and the Zoning Code of Miami Shores Village* (b) Construction permitted by 'Section B-336 overpublic sidewalks, streetas alleys .or other,' publie places may be erected only upon a revocable permit issued by ,the Building Inspector* (c) That no person, firm, partnership or corporation shall engage in the business of hanging,, oonstructings, installing. -rbpairing., remodeling or taking down awnings within Miami Shores Village unless, licensed as hereinafter .provided** All applicants for alieense to engage in the business of hanging, repairings, remodeling, altering., installing of awnings, canopies and other canvas protections in Miami Shore's Village shall file an application therefor with the Village "nager ,in.- form provided by him, setting out therein the name and address of applicant., together with such other information as may be required by such forms and shall execute a bond in I the sum of One Thousand .(61.4000.00) Dollars in the form to be approved by the Village Attorney of Miami Shores Village, indemnifying the Village against all claims., judgments or suits caused by the erection.' remodeling, repairing, altering or taking down of any awnings, canopies or other canvas protections, erected or constructed by ,pueh applicant In Miami Shores Village* (e) This Article.. its provisions, terms and condi tions, is not construed to apply to a person doing their own work upon their own premises or private property,, as� they are not deemed in that Instance engaged in the awning ,business., and in such cases only a permit from the Buildin& Inspector is requirede- (f) lt� shall be- the duty of the Building Inspector to inspect all- such awnings from time to time to determine whether or not they have been hung inproper manner and are safely secured to building Andin com- ,. pliande with the Building Code 'so as to prevent any possible danger to the public* (g) It shall be deemed sufficient grounds for 'revocation of any license where it appears that such licensee has violated any of the provisions of this Article* Section B-332. DEFINiITIONS. (a) An awning is a temporary, movable, detachable canvas or other cloth protection against sun or weather, on a folding metal frame .supported entirely from the walls of a building and raised and lowered with ropes and pulleys., rol2e rs or other mechani6al devices. (b) AN XU14DJG-SHTJTTER is a movable mounted structure made of wood or metal or other rigid material which, in one PoSitio L n, will serve as an awning to protect a w indow opening from excessive sunlight., etc... and which, in a shifted position will function as a shutter to close the opening entirely in the event of a storro-, or vacancy4 (c) A ROLIER CURTANTAs a temporary, movable, detachable canvas ,or other cloth. protection. against sun or weather having a .wooden ,or metal roller attached -to its lower edge which is, .supported entirely by the canvas and is raisedland lowered by ropes, and pulleys or other mechanical devices* (d) A 6TATIONARY XUNING is a detachable canvas or other cloth protection against sun or weather on a rigid metal frame and supported entirely from the walls of a building* (e) A CAHOPY is a temporary detachable canvas or other cloth protection against the sun or weather., on a rigid metal frame supported entirely or in part by wooden or metal posts attached to the ground or to deck, floor or parapet of a building., except when it is apart from any building and used as a domicile, home or sleeping room for man or beast, in which case it shall be considered to be a tent* M k TENT is a canvas or other cloth shelter from sun or weather supported by wooden frame or by poles, stakes and ropes or both and' not attached to any building. Tents are expressly prbhibited in Miami Shores Villager* Section B-333* P ERMITS. (a) A permit must be� o*btained from the Building Inspector--for the installation., removal., repair or alteration of any awning or stationary awning, over public property within the limits o'L -Miami Shores Village, Florida,, befo--,,e such worak is begun and. all such work shall con-form to the requirements of this Code. (See Section B-5) * (b) Permits for renewals or repairs will not be required provided structural framework meets these requirements* (c) Complete plans and specifications in duplicate, when demanded., must bd submitted to the Building Inspector and ap�,?roved by said Building Inspector before permit. is issued. (d) An Awning permit is, require6_ for awning work done on private property., but *-such permit is issued w1thout"the - payment of any fee* (e) PROHIBITED: � All tents are prohibited within the limits of Miami Shores Village. stationary awnings and canopies are -pro- hibited over or above ,publio- propertya Section 13-334. U32- OF 'A:t4UI1TGS, STATIONARY6 No busihess oP- any kind or character whatsoeve shall be transacted., nor shall any merchandise or other goods, be :stored or displayed- within the 'area covered by an awning, except underspecia-1 permit -from the Village Council* Section B-335e CONSTRUCTIO-11. (a) -411 awnings, stationary awnings, and roller curtains sh9ll e substantially constructed and securely fastened. The minimum, construction requirements - - size of pipes and fram- es : All pipe fittings, and accessories shall be galvanized by other non-corrosive metal* SIZES OF PIPES, AND FRAMS Front bars not over 31 wide # 9 pipe Front bars not over 71 0 * 0 5/811 iron or 3/81, pipe Front bars not over 91 11 00 0 0 # * * Is 0 a it - '" pipe Front bars not over 14f it 0 0 0 6 & 0 * 0 00 93�4 it pipe Froht bars not over 201 : if 0 0 0 1 pipe NOTE: Where 3 or more extensions are used 3/4" pipe-front bars permitted up to 20.1 * One or more center arms 141 wide. EXTENSIONS up� to, 21611 extension iron Up to, 3 1 Ott . . .5/811 iron or 15/8 pipe to 4foil it .up pipe Over,,Atoff pipe EXTENSIONS FOR CANOPIES Up to 61011 Extension 3/411 pipe Over 61011 to 121011 Extension: lit pipe 1.Ltl Over 1210" Extension pipe All canopies or stationary awnings shall be laced on and no rafters or front bars in pockets, No form or type of construction of fastening shall be used. unless approved by the Building Division. (b) Men wooden or metal head rods are used to fasten awnings to face of building with expanaion bolts or expansion fittings, fibre or' metal expansion shields may be used but in no case will wood plugs be, per- mitted. On awnings up to seven (7) feet in width head rod fastenings shall not be more than three (3) feet- apart.. and on awnings over seven (7) feet in width head rod fastenings shall ,not be more than. two feet and six inches (2f-611) apart, Ac) The cloth part of canopies and stationary awnings must be securely laced, tied or otherwise securely fastened to the metal frame, and in no case shall roller curtains be used to cover stationary frames of canopies or stationary awnings* (d) No existing awnings, stationary awnings., roller curtain or canopy shall be renewed, repaired., re-erected or altered unless - and until it conforms to this Article. (e) All - awning-shutters. must be so constructed that all parts of same shall be of sufficient strength and reinforced and so construc- ted to enable them to be raised or lowered or otherwise operated from one position to another without danger or injury to the person so operating them or to, the public. (f) All awning-shutters shall be so constructed that where attached to a building, the construction shall be of a permanent nature and in no case considered temporary construction* 1,, The same rules and regulations regarding special permits and licenses that apply to canvas construction shall also' - apply to awning. shutter construction* 2* The part of this construction that fastens . permanently to the building shall be 'of metal or other material which is not subject to any considerable decay or deterioration and this construction shall be anchored or fastened to the building with lag screws, anchor bolts. , or other fastenings approved by the Building Division and considered by them practical tonake permanent constructi6n, and in no case shall these fastenings be over eighteen (1811) inches apart and such fa.s,tenings should., where possible, be placed on the concrete lintel over the opening* 3, Canvas sides and front curtains may be attached to the rigid body of an awning-shutter either for the pUrpose of decoration or shade but in no case shall the body of an awning-shutter be made of other than an approved rigid material. 4. Vfhere movable parts of anawning-shutter are fastened to the permanent header construction, or to each other by means of I hinges or other, metal devices these hinges or other metal devices shall at 'all times be secured by either boltd or rivets and in no case by screws or nailso Section B-336, �- CONSTRUCTI01if OVEM SID4."IALKS. Awnings., awning-shutters and roller curtains may be erected over sidewalks or public area under the following general conditions : (a) The frame must be of metal* (b) No metal part of an awning., stationary awning or roller curtain shall be less than seven feet six inches (71-611) from the top 0 1 f the sidewalk and no part of the cloth shall be less than six feet six inches (61"'.611) from the top of the sidewalk.' (c) No awning or stationary awning shall project more than nine (91 ) feet from the buildiing wall or property line.. or nearer than ten (1011) inches to the curb line. (d) The fro-at bar of an avming when it is pulled up shall not be higher than the - head of the awning,e . (e) ALwnings shall not be equipped with slide rod except there they can bd made to operate automatically. The projection shall never be greater than two ti:-�,�es the height., and where slide rods are used, balanced arms must also be supplied, (f) &ll awnings must be equipp ed with supporting chains or fireproof cables, one end of which fastens to the front bar, or to side arm not over six (0) inches back of front bar., and the other end of which fastens to a point just under the head of the awning but never to the head- rod or headrod fastenings . Such chains and. cables shall be of sufficient strength and securely enough fastened to withstand the stress of the awning being accidentally dropped when being raised or lowered and to keep the frame from going below the horihzontal in casd the cloth stretches, tears or burns* Balanced arms are not permitted as meeting this require- ment* (g) Roller curtains over sidewalks can only be erected over sidewalks when the method of securing the bottom of .curtain has been approved by the Building Division and a special permit grantede (h) No awning-shutters shall be erected over the first floor where they project over sidewalk or any public area until a .spedial permit has been granted for said constructibn by the Building Inspector. I (i) All awnings,, frames and covers of whatsoever nature, on store or window fronts over public sidewalks,, walkways or other public thoroughfares or passageways must., as soon as such store or other premises are vacated, be removed from such position over said public spaces and stored within said vacant store or rooms or elsewhere* �LRTICIL 40. 1AISCELLANEODS FIRE PROTECTIOH AII'D INSPECTIOIT Section B-337. INSPECTION OF Pf-WPERTY BY VILIAG LUNATER. It shall be thd duty of the Village Manager to inspect orcause to be inspected as often as may be necessary, but not less than twice a year in the closely built portions of the Village., all b-ailding,, premises and. public thorough- fares except the interior of private dwellings, for the purpose of ascertain- ing and causinG to be corrected, any condition liable to cause fire or any violation of the provisions or intent of any ordinance of the Village affecting the fire hazard* Section B-338. ' INCREASING FIRE RISK. lVhenever the Village Hianager shall find any building or- other structure which for want of repairs, or by reason of age or dilapidated condition or for any �other cause., is specially liable to fire, and which is so situated as to endanger other propepty, , and whenever any officer or member Shall ,find in any building , or upon any premises or other place, _combustibl e or explosive . .Matter or dangerous accumulations of rubbish- or of uianecessary- accumul,a- tions of waste paper, boxes, .shavings or other highly inflamable materials, especiallyliable .to ,fire., and which areso situated as to .endanger property., orshall find obstruction. to ,or ' on fire escapes, stairs,, passageways., doors, w-Ladows, etc,, .11'able to interfere with the oDerations of the Fire Department, or egress of occupants, in case. 'Of fire I he or they shall order the same to be removedor remedied and such order shall forthwith be complied with by the- Owner or ocoupants of such promises or building subject toappeal within twenty-four hours to the Village Council who,. S, hall within ten days review. suoh- order and file their decision thereon.., and tui less the I order is revoked or modified it shall remain in full force and be obeyed by such owner or occupant* Section B-339. PENLMTY. Any' owner or occupant failing to comply with such order vithln ten da s after said appeal shall- have been y determi'ned, or _111- no appeal is taken., then within ten days after the service of said order$ shall �bedeeiiied ,guilty of a misdem'eanor* -e of any such Section B.-340., SERVIdi-i; OF ORDER. The servic order shall be made. upon the occupant of, the premises to whom it is directed by either delilverfLng a tr.ue ,copy -lof same to such occu.-oant or by delivea?ing the same t6, and" leaving 'it i.vi�h any person: in charge of the premises, or in clase-�no suel-i' person is found upon ,the pr'emisea by affixing a copy there'of .in a . conspicuous place on the door to the entrance of said ,premises; , whenever it may,be necessary to serve such an order upon the owner of_,the premises such -order ma-y be served either .,byL. delivering to aan& ld,aving with'�;�th�6 said'oerson a t I I �, I p . - � rue copy ,of. said order., or if such owner is absent from �th juri' 0 sdict--ldn of, the ' ' Pfider making the order o by mailing such copy to the owner's last- �mown post office address* Section B-341. No person, shall obstruct in any man.ner, the us,e of any fire hydr. aiTC Li bliami Shores Vil iageL, nor shall� have or place -or cause , to be placed any material in , front thepeof from the curb line.to the, �(center of the street to be within ten feet from either side .t.hereof nor shall any person open -or c ause to be o-oen (or cause to be: oTDened� any fire hydran s i J-s t within the lim-L, of 1,iia-mi Shores. Villa-e without the k�-J-,owled��e -and consent of the Village ana ger Section -B-3�1-2, F01i IGNITIM RE10�_UXM�D* No. persons shall kindle., maintain or assist in yliaTTTt-g�-fn-ing any bonfire or other ex-oosed fire within the Village excepting ',under written 7Dermit f r om the Village 111ana*-_er., when such burning shall. be done. in metallic receptao- der such ,prWoer safe-giLards as he may direct as les approved. by him and un to tLii-e and weather conditions., and on dondition that said 'permit carries an obliSation on the part of the grantee to keep a s fficient safe control u of said fire, and to be responsible for all dariiage therefro-m and. that all . � resultant flar-__iips *shal1 be estinguisbed and the hot ashes. rel�lloved or wet� down at close of s ai dL -fire. : Section :B-3-LI-3. PER1.1-ITS , �[,?Xi-"I�os IVES C)_�� INFIAMDABLES. Any person, I irm or corporation des.iring tF. Manufacture, transport., s ell., uIse, explode, care for, ke,ep or give away high explos,ives, or inflamiriiablesP or other substances, Of like' na�tu_-oe .. or any matepials, c,ompounds ., combina- tio-as or things whatsoever, viI-iich may tend to increase the fire hazard, or to conduct any hazaidous business or Operations or to perform any Service- of like danLerous �char.acter,,within the limits of, Miami Shores Village, shall make application in writing to the Village Manager., and it will be illegal to proceed with a-uch raa.nufactux.eq . trangportatiaii, sale or e,­.plosion of such h-JEh explosives., etc., until a license or perro-it shall 1-_,ave been issuedL_L�by th-e Village1lianager. Section B-344. . EXPLOSIV11, !,.ill.',E-01�:L�. No firm person, or corporation, without first "ProFuring a permit or license therefor from - the .Village Council shall, within the corporate lirillts of 1,Tliam3*, Shores U Villa,re� trans-oort, have., store, keel), manufacture, use., explode, or - se 1 11' any explosive, compoiijad or Y.Axtv , I i -re, ora mixture compound,. adaption or contrivance containing an ex-r-)loslve compound- or mill uVe but this prohlbi-' t t.ion shall not apply to the ordinary keeping and sale of small arms aYtrilunitio.-a as practiced in hardwape and. sporting .goods houseso No person, firm or corporation, without- first procuring a, permit or license therefor as herein. provided, shall ,.!ithin the cor-porate limits of LI.-Lia.mi Shores Yillage, store, manufactu-2e or keep for sale- of keep for use in an art, trade or manufacture, any liquid which will emit Y I - ,,:).n inflammable vapor at -a temperature of 110 degrees Fahrenheit, as tested in C1. Talibue' s closed pyrometer, except .that if kept in self-closing metal c:2.ns, not exceeding ,one gallon 'of —soline, benzine , or naphtha may be kept in a building without e-permit therefor, and not exceeding five gallons may be kept outside a building; without.,obtaining a. special permit therefor. Section- B-$45. 2XETYLEM G11S. apparatus used for generating or holding acetylene gas shall, be s7—constructed located --nd used as to secure the gre.---test measure of . safety; and all such apparatus to be, loca- ted outside of occupied buildings. Section B-346. G.LSOLM2 ETC,. No- permit to be issued for the storage or keeping for sale or use of gasoline, benzine- or naphtha in� bulk, save in u- ndergpound (buried in the ground) metal tanks, with no' opening for drawing of contents belov,., the le,v,el of the ground, but to be dre.,,7n by pumps.. - Said tanks must be provided with a venti lating pipe ex- tending up as high as the roof of, the. surrounding buildiRgs. Section B-347. '- 'C-AR)3IDE. No-person, firm or con I oration, iiith- out first procuring, a. perf-ait or license thenefor as herein. provided, shall I iU - -ore, manufacture within the corporate limits of ­iami Shores �Village, st 1 3 keep for sale, or' ,keep for any Use� in any art., trade or manufacture, any carbide that zill free an, inflaidmable gas by coatact ,with water, Section B-348. PER,,4IT. FQR - i10T TO 200 !�-OUWDS. IL permit- -6in may be Issued for the storage or� kee, g for sale of calcium--ca.rbide, in watertight metal cans having a cz,�_Pacity of not exceeding ,one hundred (100) pounds - each, the aggregat I e quantity not- to exceed twohulldred (200) po-ands, provided that- such cans of carbide be stored in a dry, , Yvaterproo'f, well ventilated place, and not more than- one' broken p,,ackage ' kept on the premises ,-,t any one time. _-TC. No -349 R14IT FUR- GISULINE STORAia4, �, Section B PB! person,- firm or cor,-�oration, tAthout ,first obtaining a -P ermi t from the Village' Council, shs.11 , , 7,,,ithi,n .the :corpor--te. limits of !Asiiai Shores Village have, store, keep, manufacture, use or sell gasoline, benzine,, . Or naphtha, ex- cept as hereinafter provided, andthpfi only if kept in self-closing metal cans made for the puypose andfree f'r-om. leak; provided ho-�-Iever, one gal- Ion or less may be. kept vithin a building without obta.ining , a permit there- for; and provided further, no can shall be filleek- inside the building. Section B-350. G�LSOLIAE 1N UNDLIRGROUND �IET""L T..,1113. No person shall be issued a perfait for the storege or keeping for sale or use of gasoline, - benzine o-r; naphtha,,, exceeding �e,n gallons in quo'Atity, save in undeirgrouna -(buried in the ground) . metal,,,tanks,, wi.th no �ope-,An,g for draw- ;.,ground, ; ing off contents: beloi,y­ th&. leVel. -of, tho but to be drawn from by pumps. Section B-351. G.�' OLIM . Ti1,-f,KS, CJNSTRUCTI014. � ' Such tanks shallbe constructed of steel_,� or f r= iron galvaniz.od. "or.: paint-ed, and of suitable thickness and weight , andishall be p' 1 PiD,e, SO roV `ded i,,,ith a f 111 and Vent arranged so that :Z-he fill .'p i1pe- cannot be. ojpened without, opening the vent, and, also, these pipes: shall be provided with a screen I near 'the top and terminating in an iron cover, whilch. -shall -be kept-jocked. --east tvjo feet under round, and Said tanlks shall ' be�� buri-ed a. I no tank ca..,.),able of holding more than two hundred eighty: (280 gallons,-.' shall be permitted within ten feet of building; but any such tank contain- in&, less than two hundred aad. eighty (280) gallons) if properly buried-,.- may. be located within less than tenfeet of buil(Ang; but no dealer shall sell or deliver any, quantity of, gasolinej benzine or naphtha to any cus- tomer exce-ot. in metallic cans, with proper ap-p-liances for a�utomatically cl ).sing th�e �_,perture when such cans--a.re not being used for filling or emptying, or through hose connection'; and provided, further, that no dealer shall drav any (.�uantlty of gasoline, benzine, or riaphtha for sale or otherwise after dark, or in the daytime %,�;hen artificial light other than incandescent electric, is -being used* Section B-352* q�SOLIII:L uPOR SYSTEMS are prohibited#, Section 8-353. Ga��GES-DEFINITIONS. By the term I'Garag0l. is. meant a building or that portion of� a building' wherein an automobile or a,utom-obiles or motor cars charged :with 6r .containing a volatile or- Inf la=`aable liquid for fuel -or power are kept for rent., _ storage or repairs., and,''all'-that' p-ortion of the -buil4ing :that . is on or below the , floor . or� floors on,�,which -such automobiles ..,are� kept,­and :n. ot 0 - b -tig t,'unp, 6roed ::.firewalls and flo ra ht- 'i .separated therefrom y Section B-354o . GiISOLINE IN GAR&US. The supply of gasoline shall-be kept in An approved -metal tank: or,-t.anks buried not less than two feet, below surface if :outside :building, or.,f ive, f eet- i.f.lunder floor, and must be ar,ran ed to be drawn from pumps only* Said tanks shall be , fi-1116dL from, th'e street-and no, single tankshall have capacity in, excess of two hundred, eighty J280) gallons4 Na volatile -inflamable; liquid shall"be kept .in '.ai garage., . and no volatile, inflamma,bl,e�_liquid 'Shall be drawn except through a. hose into the automob ile tank or - into approved safety -cans I of a a capicity .not to exceed f ive gallons' each and thenonly for the purpose .,of iianediately om bi 6 - 114hen. not in use for '-the �,abDve purpose, filling the tanks or s.Lut , o :Lles,,, "said cans must be placed and kept in the pump room hereinafter provided* In lieu of the above safety cans .portable-� filling tanks, not to - exceed in capac ni s:Lxty-f ive gallons ity, -ay be used. for tansporting inflami-aable liquid to and from the storage tanks for filling and charging the auto- mobiles. The . said..,portable ,tanks shall. be supported- 'on rubber-tired wheels -and sh.allbe provided -with- a rubber .hose attachment -not ' t; o exceed eight- eet in length., e qifppedr�at'� the end, with .shut-off valve' wi-th , ground key.� 'Section- B-3554- GAPAGES-ELECTRICAL Em PLIENT. In. all incan- descent lamps., all switches., foses. sockelts., etc.., shall be permanently located not less,: than f our feet above : the f 1 ine., e,,:cept that -oortable lamps enclosed 14'- wire guards and with keyless sockets may be used where needed. Arc lam ps -must be of enclosed type:, equipped with double globe, and svnung at -least ten -f eet above the floor. : Yo� pea?s.on shall, smoke in ally garal.0; a. notice in large letters "No Smokingil shall be kept display.ed ina conspicuous place and manner on all floors and at the entrance of all garages Sectlon B-356. GARAGES-DIRY SADD I N. On floor �of every garage- buckets or boxes of dry- sand pFo—vided with hand scoops �sh -ept for use in extinguishing f ires all be h Section�_B-3579 FM, 1,13-2-TINGUISIMRS IN. Por each two thousand square feet of �floor area there shall be kept- filled and ready for use one tlaree_gall.on �caa.,bon dioxide gas fire ektinguisher, and there shall be at least one fire extinguisher of approv 'struction on each ed con floore PRO Section. 8 358* THFATRES-F= TECTION. The stage� in any such public hall or other building shal1__b­e­supp1:1_e__d with at least two' (2,) chemical- fire extingouishers., to be 'approved by the Village: hanal-er of 171:iami� Shores -'Village, placed on saic' stage in some comspicuous position; the capacity of :each said .chemical extinguishers' 'to .be of at least three (3) gallons In .addition t-o the two�l�(2) chemi c a 1 fire extinpuis.hers provided for� the stage there shall also be, supplied, at least one (1)� cheraical fire ex,tinguisher� distributed over the auditorium an�'. balcony or balconies or SLallerie.9- for every one hundred and fifty (150) or fraction thereof of the seating oapa city:.of, s aid hall or -noving picture theatre, JUl of said chemical fire extinguishers -* to be- of the - same cape:�Lty a s -those ,re I claired oA the stage., provided that . no gallery .or, balcony shall ' -be without at least one (1) chemical -fire extinguisher. H LInINGI-TUIS ]�Rs. FIRE L-l'UST: BEN INSPECTED, Section 'B-359. FIRIL' In the interest of -public, safety and the protectio-i-i of property and' for the prevention, elimination and reductio�, -of fire hazards, every firo, ex- t ing-aisher, requiroC� by Iftt, to, be kept upon any premises located in Iliami Shores Village shall be insp uring every year by the ected at �,leiast once d Village Manager . or his representative* Section B-360. lifi-10 LIAY RE-CHhRG21P,. When upon inspection., qny fire extinguisher described iri- I B-357,, 358 and ,Z5911 hereof is found to be in need of refilling with the, chemical solution intended and/ or required, by law to be used therein, the �person legally required to keep such extinguisher upon the premises shall cause the same to be refilled imilledia'tely with the proper 'chemical solution* ART ICLE CONTRACTORSI LICEINSES. Section B-3.61. (a) Hereafter's every . per-son-, firm, co-partnership, Gorporation2 association or other organization or any combination thereofs' engaged in or who shall engage in the business ana/or capacity of contractor, shall procure and maintain at all times while so engaged, a Village' License therefor as is provided for in this Article. (b) Every person, -Lirm., : Co-partnership, corporation, as,socia- tions or other -organiza'tion or any ,combination of -any thereof., who U engaged in the business. of accepting orders or contracts on cost plus., fixed fee, stated sum, percentage, or any combination thereof., or other compensation other than wagess doing work on or in any build�ng or struc- ture requiring the use of paint, atone-2 brick) - mortar,� cements wood., structural steel or iron, sheet metallic piping.. .tins lead., or any other building material anii/or buildJ_ng equipment; - or to do any paving or curbing on s, idewalks or streets, or- public or private property, using s- a phalt, brick., stone, cement or wood �or any combination thereof; or to excavate.- for foundations or any other parpose.- or to construct sewers, ,Septic tanks, docks, drive pilings, - construct bridges, construct seawalls and bulkheads of any and all, description-; or who is �engagedl in, the busi- ness .of building., remodeling,,, reparings razing, or moving, whether it be by day .29bor, contract, cost plus-, fixed fee, stated sums percentage, or ,any combiimtion there.ofs. or other compensation .other than wages-- shall be deemed to be a contractor within the meaning of this Ordi nancee (c) i�,L7ery pe I rson7skilled in the buildl ng construction industry and. representing himself thus and� who engages his services to *take charge of construction work in the. place of a contractor for an owner and is paid on a wages basis shall be considered as a contractor under this section and shall C I onforM t6L all the require' ment-s of a contractor. (d) In the event of a bona .fide- .owner_desiring to act as his own. contractor for the construction of his 'own, building located on his Own property., such owner may act as his own contractor, and shall be considered as a contractor under this section, and I shall conform to all requirements of a contractor. Except, that such owner shal�hot be re- quired to take examination and shall pay a license fee of twenty-five Ot�,,,')25.00) Dollars for each building so constructed., Such owner shall not under any circumstances set hiinself up as a. contractor to do work for others on any basis unless he conforms. -to all requirements of this Artide, including the examinations herein provided, (e) Every person, , firms co-partnership, corporations associa- tion or other organization or any ,combination thereof as mentioned herein before in paragraphs (a) , .� (b) , and (c) , and (d) shall file with the Building Inspector suitable ,certificates that the followin I . �g requirements are adhered to and that such adherence shall continue during . the life of the license issued by Miami Shores Village. 1, Shall prp-perly pay,a,nd discharge an y obligation due the State of . Florida under the provisionsf of Chapter- 17481,. Laws' of Florida 4cts of 1935, .known as a "Workingriients Coftensation Law.,, - The-. certificate shall be . proviaed with a clause .requiring at least five (5) days , written notice ,to Miami Shores Village. in the event. ot cancellation such insurance protection. 2* Shall properly pay and , di-8charge any obligation due the State ;of FlDrlda under the provisions of Chapter 15787 Laws of Florida, 4cts of 1931., la�own as thd "Documentary Stamp Tax Act.4 30 Shall properly, pay and discharge any obligation due the United States of America or the State of Florida under the provisions of the "Federal Social Security Act" (H.R.; .7260) enacted by the 74th Congress, Shall properly pay- and' discharg6 any obligation due the State: of,, Florida o under the provisions. -of ,ChoLpter, 16648., Laws of Florid I as Act& of 19 35s known as. the '�Reitail Sales Act*" 5* Shall maintainAnsurances with a properly licensed Insurance Company by the State -of-Floridas for Public Liability and Public Property Damage at the minimum limits for each'* The certificate shall be provided with a clause requiring at least thirty� (30) dgys written notice to Miami. Shores Village in �the event of cancellation of such insurance proteotio,n*, Section B-3629 BOARD ,OF EXAMINERS. Within thjift7 (30) days after this Code becomes effe tive there shall be appointed by the Village. Council a Board of Examiner of' Contractors., consisting of three (3) members. One member shall be actively engaged in the construction of buildings or structures, one member shall be the Village Manager and the other member shall be the Building Inspector of Miami Shores Village. The members 'shall be appointed annually and each member shall hold over afte the expiration of his term until his successor has been appointed and qualified. Section B-563* MEETING OF THE 'BOARD OF EXAMINERS. (a) The Board of Examiners shall meet twice each year, once during the period from March 15th to 31st and once during the period from September 15th to 30th, for the purpose of making examinations and transacting such other business as may properly oome before it, provided.. further.,. that upon ,the expiration of 15* days after this Code shall become effective., the Board shall call a special meeting for the purpose of making examinations, election of officers., and for transacting any and all other business that may properly come before the Board; thereafters special meetings may be called by the Building Inspector., If approved by the Village Manager., on the First Tuesday of any .month for the purpose of transacting any business which may not properly be hold over to a regular meeting; and provided further that the Chairman or the Secretary-Treasurer of the Board, are hereby empowered to call meetings to consider violations "of this Code as provided for in Section B- 366 or otherwise. (b) , Thereaftero at the September. meeting in each -year the Board shall,el6ct officers to serve for a� term of one (1) year., These officers shall consist of a Chairman..and the Building Inspector shall act as. the Secretary-Treasurer* Bection, B-364. DUTIES OF SECRETARY-TREASURER. The Secretary- treasurer shall keep a record ofall tEe proceedings of the Board, together with the necessary registers showing all applications for examination.and license, showing thereon for each the date of application,, name, qualifi- cations., place of businesss.- plaee of residence and whether the application was granted or refused* He shall receive all monies derived from the operation of this Code., excepting, however., the collectionof occupational license fees as provided for in Section B- 370 and deposit same with the Adcounting Department of Miami Shores Village. The books and registers of this Board shall be prima-facie evidence of all matters recorded there- in* The Secretary-Treasurer shall prepare a roster of all licensed con- tractors after the March and September meetings, and after any special meetings, and file same with the Accounting Department of Miami Shores Village. It shall be his duty to promptly notify the Accounting Depart- ment in event of a revocation or the re-Issuing of a license* Section B-365* LICENSES. (a) Hereafter, any one desiring to be licensed as a Contractor in Miami Shores Village shall make applica" tion to the Board of Examiners by filling in the printed forms which may be obtained from the Building Inspectorts Office, and depositing with such application- the sum of Five ($15*00) Dollars for examination fee* Any person taking the examination for a firm, co-partnership, corporation, association or other organization or any combination of any thereof, must be an active member of or a legally authorized agent thereof., and he or she cannot qualify to- taie an -examination for himself, herself or' any other firm, co-partnership, corporations association or other organization "or any combination thoreof., while. this. Ileense remain,a��unexpired or un- )weVer canceled; proVided, ,h( , - that if the person pas,sing. -the examination shall at any time sever his or her connections for any reason, with the Contractor to whom license was issued on his or her examination, it shall be the duty of both him or her and the Contractor to whom the license was issued to give written notice iimnediate17 to the Board of Examiners and at the same time surrender the license for cancellation. The contractcr to whom license was issued may, at the time of surrendering license, dele- gate some other active member or legally authorized agent to qualify for examination for them without the payment of any additional examination fee or occupational-license fee for the remainder of the fiseal' yedr6 (b) After qualifying the applicant shall then be 'entitled to an examination to determine his or her qualifications* (a) If the result of the examinations is satisfactory, the Board . shall issue a certificate to th6 -Accounting Department of Miami Shores Village., who shall then issue a license to the applicant upon the payment of such occupational license fee as is hereinafter stipulated in 'Section B- 370 (d) Any person failing to pass the examination may be re-exa' mined at the next regularTmeeting of the 'Board without additional examination fee* (e) Licenses shall expire on the 31'st dayof 0:otober following their issuance or renewal and shall become invalid after that date.. and unless renewed within thifty (30) days thereafter the 'holder . of such license may, in the discretion of the Bo'ard, be required to be re-examined* (f) Licenses may be transferredp subject to the examination pro. visions of sub-section (a) of .this ,Section,, when there ,is a bona-fide sale and transfer of the property -used and -employed ,in the� bu' sihess as stock in trades provided such transfer shall be made within ten (10) days after said sale has taken place* (g) Change of' name, under which a license has been issued must have the approval of the Board of Examiners. (h) A copy to replace any license lotts destroy ed or, mutilated, may be issued by the . Board* (1) The filing of a petition in Bankruptcy., whether it be volun- tary or involuntaryp against any Contractor holding license under the terms of this Ordinance, shall automatically revoke such license Pending a deci- sion of the Board as provided for under Section B- 363 of tRis Ordinance* Section B- 366o POWERS OF BOARD OF E&OWINERS. The Board, shall have the power, in addition to all other powers provided for in this Ordinance,, to revoke the license of, any Contractor licensed hereunders who shall be guilty of any one ,or more of the following acts or omissions., to- wite. (a) Fraud or deceit in obtaining license; (b) Negligence* p incompetency or mis-conduct in the practice of contracting within themeaning of this Ordinance- (e) Abandonment of any contract without lega excuse* (d) Diversion of property or ,funds received under express agree- ment, for prosecution or completion of a specific contract under this Ordinance, or for a specified purpose in the prosecution or completion of any contracts and their application or use for any other contractp obli- gation or purpose with intent to defraud or deceive creditors or the owner* (e) Fraudulent departure from, or disregard of., plans or specifi. cations in any material respects without consent of the owner or his duly authorized representative; or the doing of any wilful$, fraudulent act by the licensee as a contractor in consequence of which another is .substantial:. ly injured; (f) Wilful and deliberate disregard and violation of the Building Code of the Miami Shores Village and/or of the State Hotel Commission. Any person directly interested; the Buildingo Plumbing, or Electrical Inspector of Miami Shores Village; the Architect or Engineer who is responsible for the plans under which. the contractor is working; may prefer charges against a Licensee under this Ordinance. Such charges must be made in writing and sworn ,to by the complainant and submitted to the Board* It will then be the duty of the Board, at the earliest possible date and not later, than thirty (30) days thereafter, to investi- gate the charges and render their decision without delay. Other charges., unless dismissed by the Board as unfounded or trivial,, shall be heard and determined within thirty (30) days after the date preferred. A copy of the charges, together with the time and place of hearing, shall .be legally served on the accused at least five (5) days before the date fixed for the hearing* At the hearing the accused shall have the right to appear personally and by counsel and cross-examine witnesses against him, her, or them and to produce witnesses and evidence in his, her.or their defense* If. after the hearing, the Boardfs decision be that the licensee has been guilty of the charges preferred against him, her or them, the Board shall suspend or cancel the contrao-tor's licenseo The Board may re-issue a .license to any contractor whose license has been revoked,, provided the three members of the Board vote in favor of such re-issuance for the reasons the Board may deem suffioients Any decision of the Boar d of Examiners may be appealed from to the Village Council provided notice -of said appeal is given to said Village Council and the Secretary of said Board, within (5) days of the date of such decision* Section B-367o LICENSES AS ISSUED. The issuance of a license under this Ordinance shall be evidencethat the person,, firm.. eo-part- nership, corporation, assoeiation, or other organization or any combina- tion of any thereof., are entitled to all the rights and privileges of a Contractor in the divisionfor which the license is issued,, and while the license remains un revoked or unexpirede Section B-,368* MMPTIONS� This Ordinance shall not apply: (a) To an authorized representative or representatives of the United States of America; the State of Florida; the County of Dade; or the Village of Miami Shores Village., Florida. (b) Insofar as to examination only., to any person, firm, eo- partnership, corporations association or other organization or any eombina- tion of any thereofs having a license. to engage in the business aild/or practice of amtracting within the meaning of this Ordinance in Miami Shores Village for three (3) months immediately prior to the passage of this Ordinanoej provided such license is renewed within 'thirty (50) days after this Ordinance has been passed. (a) Owners of property already erected, and making repairs thereon shall not be required. to pay license fee stipulated in this Article" but shall otherwise comply with all other requirements of this Article. (d) � OWNERS I CONSTITUTIONAL PRIVILEGE. �Where an Owner wishes to assert: his pEstitutional privilege. under this .-Article I the word "Owneril shall be substituted for "Contractor" throughout this, Code, , Nothing herein contained shall prohibit any bona fide owner from p.erson- . a117 constructing his own home provided that said owner shall: le File plans and, specifications- and obtain. approval of the Planning Board and the Building Inspector* 2. Apply for and secure a permite 3. Pay the required fees4� 4* Execute the work in accordance with the provisions of this Code* 5* Apply for inspections* 136 ---------- 4F*- 6. File with the Building Inspeotor certificates that provision has been made to carry the necessary Worki n's Compensation, Public Liability and Property Damage Insurance, 7* File with the Building Inspector as the job progresses certificates showing the payment required by the Federal Social Seourity Act to the State of Florida or the United States of America* 8., Assume the-,,responsibility of not employing other than properly licensed contractors by Miami Shores Village for any part. . or portion of the workQ 9* Not set himself up as a "Contractor". 10* Sign an affidavit before commencing the work to the affect that he has read this Article and will do . the work personally and observe all of the requirements of the Building,, ,Electrical, Plumbing and Zoning Codes of Miami Shores Village* Such affidavit to' be properly notarized upon blanks to be supplied by the Building Inspectors $ection B-369. RECIPROCITY* Any person, firm, co-partnership, corporation, association or Mer oria—nization or any combination of any thereofp who has obtained a license by examination or as otherwise pro- vided for by this� Ordinanee,, in any other City of Dade County., Florida. - having similarre qUirements. -shall -be, granted a license by, recliprooity upon the paymentLof the occup4tiohal-aioense fee for his., heror '.their classification as is hereinafter' stipulated in Section B- 370 L. Licenses issued through reciprocity shall be subjected to each and' every provision as provided for in this Ordinance* Section ,B-370* OCCUPATIONAL LICENSE FEES. Upon presentation of a OortificateLfrom the Board of Examiners,, Eogether with the Certifi- cate 6f InsWanee as is required under Section B- 31611, the Accounting Department of Miami Shores Village - shall furnish the contractormith a Village License upon the payment' of the Occupational License Fee for the division in which said contractor is elassified; , the fixed fee for said licenses shall be as follows, to-wit: LICE'1113E PEE. 1, General Building. '�.'50 a 00 20 Flurabi-n-g, Heat L_a gg, Ventilating, i�,ir Conditional Ga;3 Fitting* 25*00 3, 'Electrical 25*00 frchitects , Enoineer, Silrveyors, 8; Intea?ior Decorators., excluding- day laborers or yard-riien. 10.00 5. E.-Icavating, gra-di-i-ig C': filling (contractors) 25*00 6, Hloving or wrecking 25*00 7. Septic tanl: - contractors . 254.00 8. Be-otic Tank Repairs ., 10000 9e Brick, Stone, Tile, Cement Block Concrete & Gypsw-1. 25*00 10. Cement, Lime, Plasteiing, St-do'co Lathino L Cast 8tone*' 25000 1-17 LICENSE FEE 11. Carpentry, MillwOrk, Awning Shutters* 425.00 l2a Decorating, (interior & Exterior) Painting, 1�,YaterpVoofing, Dam-proofing PaDer-hanr,-ingi 25*00 13* Flooringg sanding or finishing,-. wood, rubber, coTlposition, linoleum andother flooring not otherwise specified. 25*00 l4e Ornamental Iron,, Bronze Z.'c Steel, Steel sash.,, ,over-head doors. . 25*00 15* Roofing, sheetmetal and skylights. 25oOO 16. Solar water systemse 25.00 17. Well systeraso, 25.00 18. Sprink-ler systems of all kins., including those for buildings, lawns, etc. 25*00 190 Structural (-'�; Reinforcing iron and Steel* 25*00 20. Tile, Terrazzo, hiarble, Granite Cut Stone. 25*00 21# Electric Fixtures* 25,00 22a Illuminated Signs* 25.00 23* Bridge., Bulk-ljea�.ing. Drainage sewer, 1',later 8.,, Gas excavati"on Construction* Dredging., Irrigation system, Pile Driving, Seal Wall.. Paving., Sidewalks., Curb 8. Gutter or similar work. 25*00 24e Evepy person,, firm, co-partnershiD, corporation, association or.I other- organization engaged in the business of supplying., furnishing or delivering building materials for. any construction 'project within the Village limits and not having a regularly established and licensed � place of business in the Village. 10000 . .........., Sect lon B-371. Any ,peraqn ,,or , persons and the members of, any firm, co-partnership., corporation., as-sodiation. or .other organization., or - any bo�nbination. -thereof.. . presenting pr�'attempt#, to- file or use the license of another,,� or, who , shall give fals, e or f oV' ge' d eVidende,, of any kind to the ,8oard., or -to any member thereof in ,obtaining or-maintaining a license, or who shall, fals,el i ersonate another or who shall luse, an 7 MP :6.Xpired or revoked license --or, shall :,vliolate anyone' or' more - of the, pro-,... visions of any section ,of .this Article shall . upon conviction be punished,, by, e: ,Pe lt'ies hereinafter provided th na ARTICLE 4� REPEU Section B-372 e -4,11 Ordinances �-ot parts of Ordinances in donfl lct,.herewith. or ine6naistent; with the�eprovisiona of this - Ordinance are- herreby, repoaled": �ARTICLE 43* VUIDITY. -Should any section., paragraph, sentence.. Section, B-o-3730, ) ase- lausb�, or. other art or pro br c p Visions -Of thia-10rdinance be declared by�, the � Oourt to be izivalid-� the sameshall not affect the Validity of the' Ordinance as- a whole 'or any part ,therof., other than the part so declared to be, invalids 'I-CLE 44, ART I F1�_ Ty PAny -person, Section 13..374 firm :or' curporation. who shall violate or fail '-to� comply with.-:any of the provisions of this -Ordinance . . shall unished by* a fine n t :exceeding FiVe Hundred - N.3500) Dollars- be P �.-or imprisonment at hard ]a bor on --the' streets or other works -of t.he .Village �for a term not exceeding sixty_�-(6' 0) days, .or both. Each day that a ". 41olati6n: is permitted to exist- shall constitute a separate offense' s ARTICLE 45* ED:this d PASSEZ) .&ND ADOPTE ay of l9404� Ma ybr /Z Vi lage Mnager en/.Cletk 4C�l�erk C