REV-17-657BUILDING
PERMIT APPLICATION
❑BUILDING ❑ ELECTRIC
❑PLUMBING ❑ MECHANICAL
IVIIdI I II JI IUI CJ V IIIdge
Building Department
10050 N.E.2nd Avenue, Miami Shores, Florida 33138
Tel: (305) 795-2204 Fax: (305) 756-8972
t#NisaiiOAtEAUNLI ER: (305) 762-4949
JOB ADDRESS: /II 3 bk) /
City: Miami Shores
Folio/Parcel#:
Occupancy Type:5. /74,V Load:
❑ ROOFING
RECEIVED
MAR 10 2017
FFBC 2014 5
N`
aster Permit No. RL- 1(42 --47%%1
Sub Permit No. P F -A-1 (7 " "T
REVISION ❑ EXTENSION
❑PUBLIC WORKS ❑ CHANGE OF ❑ CANCELLATION
CONTRACTOR
9 841
❑ RENEWAL
❑ SHOP
DRAWINGS
County: Miami Dade
Zip: ) j 138
NO X
Is the Building Historically Designated: Yes
Construction Type:
Flood Zone:
OWNER: Name (Fee Simple Titleholder): /.7/ v'- =4- 8/'u C
Address: /7/ 3 &11�// c e l s[
City: M 7 .s ; J t / c /Z. State:
Tenant/Lessee Name: Phone#:
BFE: FFE:
Phone#: c-7) Z- ( 2 -
Zip:
Zip: 3 .3 i 3
Email:
CONTRACTOR: Company Name: C `L� Lt% /L (16).A 72 /k / / ok.)
Address:
City:
2 3 `) r
,.4(1r S((yte
Phone#:�i 7d 3 79-9 73
' ( State:
Qualifier Name: (''/
State Certification or Registration #: C/1?' / ,J f/ �c
� L
DESIGNER: Architect/Engineer:��(A 1 /o D
b
Address: / / (VNi / E,h %
Value of Work for this Permit: $ / O
Zip: S ( 3 l
Phone#: 4 )b 3 >? 2 '
Certificate of Competency #: /
n/f Phone#: � 78Z 2-S-142�
City: f l 4'1h ( 14%tej6tate: Ft ---Zip: 3)
Square/Linear Footage of Work: 7.1- _
Type of Work: El Addition/El Alteration El New ❑ Repair/Replace El Demolition
Description of Work: /"r .L} ✓rte L ,% ji A Pf L^ `'I1 CJ\.. L IA) (`4 LC'' 1�/. 1(vz S
(81) AA 6",a =.
cor
Specify color of color thru tile:
Submittal Fee $ Permit Fee $ �S •COO CCF $ CO/CC $
Scanning Fee $ . • Radon Fee $ DBPR $ Notary $
Technology Fee $ Training/Education Fee $ Double Fee $
Structural Reviews $ Bond $ -7 . OQ
TOTAL FEE NOW DUE S
Bonding Company's Name (if applicable)
Bonding Company's Address
City
State Zip
Mortgage Lender's Name (if applicable)
Mortgage Lender's Address
City State Zip
Application is hereby made to obtain a permit to do the work and installations as indicated. I certify that no work or installation has
commenced prior to the issuance of a permit and that all work will be performed to meet the standards of all laws regulating
construction in this jurisdiction. I understand that a separate permit must be secured for ELECTRIC, PLUMBING, SIGNS, POOLS,
FURNACES, BOILERS, HEATERS, TANKS, AIR CONDITIONERS, ETC
OWNER'S AFFIDAVIT: I certify that all the foregoing information is accurate and that all work will be done in compliance with all
applicable laws regulating construction and zoning.
"WARNING TO OWNER: YOUR FAILURE TO RECORD A NOTICE OF COMMENCEMENT MAY
RESULT IN YOUR PAYING TWICE FOR IMPROVEMENTS TO YOUR PROPERTY. IF YOU INTEND
TO OBTAIN FINANCING, CONSULT WITH YOUR LENDER OR AN ATTORNEY BEFORE RECORDING
YOUR NOTICE OF COMMENCEMENT."
Notice to Applicant: As a condition to the issuance of a building permit with an estimated value exceeding $2500, the applicant must
promise in good faith that a copy of the notice of commencement and construction lien law brochure will be delivered to the person
whose property is subject to attachment. Also, a certified copy of the recorded notice of commencement must be posted at the job site
for the first inspection which occurs seven (7) days after the building permit is issued. In the absence of such posted notice, the
inspection will not be approved and a reinspection fee will be charged.
Signature
ER or AGENT
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this
a'�� day of ire -C+ -e , 20 l� , by
1'�1 nfik v — , who is personally known to
me or who has produced
identification and who did take an oath.
NOTARY PUBLIC:
Sign:
Print:
Seal:
as
ntC <
,;gti'�`rP is
SANDRA A. SEWELL
1.; im 'el MY COMMISSION # FF 213395
oQ;, EXPIRES: June 24, 2019
tgit Bonded Thru Notary Public Underwriters
*****************************
APPROVED BY
3 n
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this
y (� day of tri ba -*-1 , 20 Q l , by
LIJ '1/4\JjZn �roho ispvn to
me or who has produced
identification and who did take an oath.
NOTARY PUBLIC:
Sign:
Print:
Seal:
Plans Examiner
as
Zoning
Structural Review Clerk
MecaNind Pro v2.2
Developed by MECA Enterprises, Inc. Copyright rg.mey enterprises.
Date : 3/3/2017 Project No.
Company Name : CARLOS D ROLLE, P.E. Designed By
Address : 1801 NW 186th STREET Description
City : MIAMI GARDENS Customer Name
State : FLORIDA Proj Location
File Location: C:\Users\urban capital\Documents\1113 NE 98th
: OTHE
: DOO
: TYL
: 113 N
Street.wnd
Directional Procedure Simplified Diaphragm Building (Ch 27 Part 2)
Basic Wind Speed(V) 180.00 mph
Structural Category II Exposure Category C `?^
Natural Frequency N/A Flexible Structure = No
Importance Factor 1.00 Kd Directional Factor = 0.85
Alpha 9.50 Zg = 900.00 ft
At 0.11 Bt = 1.00
Am = 0.15 Bm 0.65
Cc 0.20 1 500.00 ft
Epsilon 0.20 Zmin 15.00 ft
Pitch of Roof 2.333333 : 12 Slope of Roof(Theta) 11.00 Deg
h: Mean Roof Ht 11.50 ft Type of Roof = GABLED
RHt: Ridge Ht = 15.00 ft Eht: Eave Height = 8.00 ft
OH: Roof Overhang at Eave= .00 ft Overhead Type = OH w/ soffit
Bldg Length Along Ridge = 57.00 ft Bldg Width Across Ridge= 72.00 ft
Gust Factor Calculations
Gust Factor Category I Rigid Structures Simplified Method
Gustl: For Rigid Structures (Nat. Freq.>1 Hz) use 0.85
Gust Factor Category II Rigid Structures - Complete Analysis
Zm: 0.6*Ht
lzm: Cc*(33/Zm)^0.167
Lzm: 1*(Zm/33)^Epsilon
Q: (1/(1+0.63*((B+Ht)/Lzm)^0.63))^0.5
Gust2: 0.925*((1+1.7*lzm*3.4*Q)/(1+1.7*3.4*lzm))
= 0.85
= 15.00 ft
0.23
= 427.06 ft
= 0.90
0.87
Gust Factor Summary
Not a Flexible Structure use the Lessor of Gustl or Gust2 0.85
Table 26.11-1 Internal Pressure Coefficients for Buildings, GCpi
GCPi : Internal Pressure Coefficient = +/-0.18
Topographic Adjustment
0.33*z
Kzt (0.33*z): Topographic factor at elevation 0.33*z
Vtopo: Adjust V per Para 27.5.2: V * [Kzt(0.33*z)]^0.5
• •
••••
• •
• • • •
•• • • • •
• • • •
• • 410
•
1.00 ••••••
1.00
• ••••
180.00 mp .• •
MWFRS Diaphragm Building Wind Pressures per Ch 27 Pt 2
All pressures shown are based upon ASD Design, with a Load Factor of
MFRS Pressures for Wind Normal to 57 ft wall (Normal to Ridge)
• • •
• •
• •
• • •
• • •
WALL PRESSURES PER TABLE 27.6-1
L/B: Bldg Dim in Wind Dir / Bldg Dim Normal to Wind Dir = 1.26
h: Height to top of Windward Wall 8.00 ft
ph: Net Pressure at top of wall (windward + leeward) 39.47 psf
p0: Net Pressure at bottom of wall (windward + leeward) 39.47 psf
ps: Side wall pressure acting away from wall = .57 * ph
pl: Leeward wall pressure acting away from wall = .35 * ph
pwh: Windward wall press @ top acting toward wall = ph-pl
pw0: Windward wall press @ bot acting toward wall = p0-pl
- 22.35 psf
- 13.86 psf
25.61 psf
25.61 psf
ROOF PRESSURES PER TABLE 27.6-2
h: Mean Roof Height 11.500 ft
Lambda: Exposure Adjustment Factor = 1.000
Slope: - Roof Slope - 11.00 Deg
• • •
• • •
•
• • • •
•••
•
•
•
••• •
• •
••
•
••
•
RECEIVED
Table 27.6-2 indicates a slope less than 9.46 Deg is flat, but provides no values
for Zone 1 and 2 between 9.46 Deg and 14 Deg, so any slope < 14 deg is treatedals f T 1 O qp�
)K LU
ss0\
Zone
1
2
3
4
5
Load Casel
psf
.00
.00
-38.04
-33.96
-27.84
Load Case2
psf
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
Note: A value of '0' indicates that the zone/load case is not applicable.
ROOF OVERHANG LOADS (FIGURE 27.6-3):
LOAD CASE 1:
Povhl: Overhang
Povh3: Overhang
LOAD CASE 2:
Povhl: Overhang
Povh3: Overhang
pressure for zone 1
pressure for zone 3
pressure for zone 1
pressure for zone 3
Normal to Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls+Roof +GCpi
Description
Press
psf
Area Fs
ft^2 Kip
Fy
Kip
Fz
Kip
.00 psf
-28.53 psf
Mx
K -ft
.00 psf
.00 psf
My
K -ft
Mz
K -ft
Roof (0 to h/2)
Roof (h/2 to h)
Roof (h to 2h)
Roof (>2h)
Roof (>2h)
Windward Wall
Leeward Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
- 38.04
-33.96
- 27.84
-27.84
-27.84
25.61
-13.86
-22.35
-22.35
-22.35
-22.35
334
334
668
755
2090
456
456
576
576
252
252
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
-12.88
12.88
-5.63
5.63
-2.42
- 2.16
-3.55
- 4.01
11.11
11.68
6.32
.00
.00
.00
.00
12.47
11.13
18.25
20.63
57.13
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
392.2
283.8
301.9
79.0
-900.6
46.7
25.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
51.5
51.5
58.2
58.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
Total
.00 6749 .00 16.96 119.60 228.3 .0 .0 •.••
Normal to Ridge - Base Reactions - Walis Only +GCpi
Description
Press
psf
Area
ft^2
Fs
Kip
FY
Kip
Fz
Kip
Mx
K -ft
Windward Wall
Leeward Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
25.61
-13.86
-22.35
- 22.35
-22.35
- 22.35
456
456
576
576
252
252
.00
.00
-12.88
12.88
-5.63
5.63
11.68
6.32
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
46.7
25.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
• •
• • ••••
• • •
•• • • •
• • •
•• ••
My • Mz
K -•••.ft -ft •
-err• • •
.0
•
- 31•.5.•
- 38.2• •
• •
.0o
.0
.0••••••
.•••
.0 ••.•
.0
.0
•
Total
.00 2568
.00 18.00
Normal to Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls+Roof -GCpi
Description
Press
psf
Area Fs
ft^2 Kip
Fy
Kip
Fz
Kip
•
•
.00 72.0 • .0 ••• .0.
•• •
Mx My Mz
K -ft K -ft K -ft
••• •
• •
••
Windward Wall
Leeward Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
25.61
-13.86
-22.35
-22.35
-22.35
-22.35
456
456
576
576
252
252
.00
.00
-12.88
12.88
-5.63
5.63
11.68
6.32
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00 46.7
.00 25.3
.00 .0
.00 .0
.00 .0
.00 .0
.0
.0
51.5
- 51.5
58.2
- 58.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
Total
.00 2568
.00 18.00 .00 72.0
Normal to Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls Only -GCpi
Description
Press
psf
Area Fs
ft^2 Kip
FY
Kip
Fz
Kip
Ms
K -ft
My
K -ft
.0
Mz
K -ft
.0
Windward Wall 25.61 456 .00 11.68 .00 46.7 0 .0
Leeward Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
Side Wall
-13.86 456 .00 6.32
-22.35 576 -12.88 .00
-22.35 576 12.88 .00
-22.35 252 -5.63 .00
-22.35 252 5.63 .00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
25.3
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
51.5
-51.5
58.2
-58.2
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
Total
.00 2568 .00 18.00 .00 72.0
Normal to Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls+Roof MIN
Description
Press
psf
Area* Fs
£t^2 Kip
FY
Kip
Fz
Kip
Ms
K -ft
.0
My Mz
K -ft K -ft
.0
Total
.00 0 .00 .00 .00
.0
.0
.0
Notes - Normal to Ridge
Note (1) X= Along Building ridge, Y = Normal to Building Ridge, Z = Vertical
Note (2) MIN = Minimum pressures on Walls = 9.6 psf and Roof = 4.8 psf
Note (3) Area* = Area of the surface projected onto a vertical plane normal to wind.
MFRS Pressures for Wind Normal to 72 ft wall (Along Ridge)
WALL PRESSURES PER TABLE 27.6-1
L/B: Bldg Dim in Wind Dir / Bldg Dim Normal to Wind Dir
h: Height to top of Windward Wall
ph: Net Pressure at top of wall (windward + leeward)
p0: Net Pressure at bottom of wall (windward + leeward)
0.79
15.00 ft
40.86 psf
40.86 psf
ps: Side wall pressure acting away from wall = .54 * ph -22.06 psf
pl: Leeward wall pressure acting away from wall = .38 * ph = -15.53 psf
pwh: Windward wall press @ top acting toward wall = ph-pl 25.33 psf
pw0: Windward wall press @ bot acting toward wall = p0-pl 25.33 psf
ROOF PRESSURES PER TABLE 27.6-2
h: Mean Roof Height
Lambda: Exposure Adjustment Factor
Slope: Roof Slope
Table 27.6-2 indicates a slope less than 9.46 Deg is flat,
for Zone 1 and 2 between 9.46 Deg and 14 Deg, so any slope
Zone
1
2
3
4
5
Load Casel Load Case2
psf psf
.00
.00
-38.04
-33.96
-27.84
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
11.500 ft
= 1.000
= 11.00 Deg
but provides no•values
••••
• •
••••
< 14 deg is tret61c1a4 flat.• •
• • •
e• Ise
•
• •
• •
•• ••
• • •
• •
Note: A value of '0' indicates that the zone/load case is not appli vble..
• • •
•• •
ROOF OVERHANG LOADS (FIGURE 27.6-3):
LOAD CASE 1:
Povhl: Overhang
Povh3: Overhang
LOAD CASE 2:
Povhl: Overhang
Povh3: Overhang
pressure for zone 1
pressure for zone 3
pressure for zone 1
pressure for zone 3
Along Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls+Roof +GCpi
Description
Press
psf
Area
ft^2
Fs
Kip
Fy
Kip
Fz
Kip
.00 psf
-28.53 psf
- .00 psf
.00 psf
Ms My
K -ft K -ft
Mz
K -ft
Roof (0 to h/2)
Roof (0 to h/2)
Roof (0 to h/2)
Roof (0 to h/2)
Roof (h/2 to h)
Roof (h/2 to h)
- 38.04
-38.04
- 38.04
-38.04
-33.96
-33.96
211
211
0
0
211
211
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
-1.53
1.53
.00
.00
-1.37
1.37
7.87
7.87
.00
.00
7.03
7.03
124.1
-124.1
-201.8
-201.8
.0
.0
-139.7
-139.7
- 39.2
39.2
.0
.0
- 27.2
27.2
•
• •
•
••••
• •
•
• •
•
••• •
• •
Roof (h/2 to h) -33.96 0 .00 .00 .00 .0 .0 .0
Roof (h/2 to h) -33.96 0 .00 .00 .00 .0 .0 .0
Roof (h to 2h) -27.84 422 .00 -2.24 11.53 181.7 -129.7 -25.2
Roof (h to 2h) -27.84 422 .00 2.24 11.53 -181.7 -129.7 25.2
Roof (h to 2h) -27.84 0 .00 .00 .00 .0 .0 .0
Roof (h to 2h) -27.84 0 .00 .00 .00 .0 .0 .0
Roof (>2h) -27.84 1247 .00 -6.63 34.08 537.2 391.9 76.2
Roof (>2h) -27.84 1247 .00 6.63 34.08 -537.2 391.9 -76.2
Roof (>2h) -27.84 0 .00 .00 .00 .0 .0 .0
Roof (>2h) -27.84 0 .00 .00 .00 .0 .0 .0
Windward Wall 25.33 576 14.59 .00 .00 .0 -58.4 .0
Leeward Wall -15.53 576 8.94 .00 .00 .0 -35.8 .0
Side Wall -22.06 456 .00 10.06 .00 40.2 .0 .0
Side Wall -22.06 456 .00 -10.06 .00 -40.2 .0 .0
Windward Wall 25.33 252 6.38 .00 .00 .0 -66.0 .0
Leeward Wall -15.53 252 3.91 .00 .00 .0 -40.4 .0
Total
.00 6749 33.83 .00 121.01 .0 -359.1 .0
Along Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls Only +GCpi
Description
Press Area Fz Fy Fz Mz My Mz
psf ft^2 Kip Kip Kip K -ft K -ft K -ft
Windward Wall 25.33 576 14.59 .00 .00 .0 -58.4 .0
Leeward Wall -15.53 576 8.94 .00 .00 .0 -35.8 .0
Side Wall -22.06 456 .00 10.06 .00 40.2 .0 .0
Side Wall -22.06 456 .00 -10.06 .00 -40.2 .0 .0
Windward Wall 25.33 252 6.38 .00 .00 .0 -66.0 .0
Leeward Wall -15.53 252 3.91 .00 .00 .0 -40.4 .0
Total
.00 2568 33.83 .00 .00 .0 -200.5 .0
Along Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls+Roof -GCpi
Description
Press Area Fz Fy Fz Mz My Mz
psf ft^2 Kip Kip Kip K -ft K -ft K -ft
Windward Wall 25.33 576 14.59 .00 .00 .0 -58.4 .0
Leeward Wall -15.53 576 8.94 .00 .00 .0 -35.8 .0••••••
Side Wall -22.06 456 .00 10.06 .00 40.2 ••.0 • .0 ••.•
Side Wall -22.06 456 .00 -10.06 .00 -40.2 •A• • .0 • • •
•
Windward Wall 25.33 252 6.38 .00 .00 .0-6g+4t••• .0•••••• •
Leeward Wall -15.53 252 3.91 .00 .00 .0 -40. . .0
ll.es.s_a.---- • • •
Total .00 2568 33.83 .00 .00 .0 -200.1.• .0,
• •
•••• •
Along Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls Only -GCpi • •
••••
• • • •
•• •• ••••
Description Press Area Fz Fy Fz Mz My Mz
psf ft^2 Kip Kip Kip K -ft K -t• • 1 •fH ft
-+----r----• •
Windward Wall 25.33 576 14.59 .00 .00 .0 -5,0.4 • .0.
Leeward Wall -15.53 576 8.94 .00 .00 .0 -315:841 • .0
Side Wall -22.06 456 .00 10.06 .00 40.2 6.15 • .0•••• •
Side Wall -22.06 456 • .00 -10.06 .00 -40.2 .0 .0 ••
Windward Wall 25.33 252 6.38 .00 .00 .0 -66.0 .0
Leeward Wall -15.53 252 3.91 .00 .00 .0 -40.4 .0
• • •
•
Total
.00 2568 33.83 .00 .00 .0 -200.5 .0
Along Ridge - Base Reactions - Walls+Roof MIN
Description
Press Asea* Fz Fy Fz Mz My Mz
psf ft^2 Kip Kip Kip K -ft K -ft K -ft
Total .00 0 .00 .00 .00 0 .0 .0
Notes - Along Ridge
Note (1) X= Along Building ridge, Y = Normal to Building Ridge, Z = Vertical
Note (2) MIN = Minimum pressures on Walls = 9.6 psf and Roof = 4.8 psf
Note (3) Area* = Area of the surface projected onto a vertical plane normal to wind.
Total Base Reaction Sur[mary
••
•
• •
• •
1
Description
Fx Fy Fz Ms My Mz
Kip Kip Kip K -ft K -ft K -ft
Normal to Ridge Walls+Roof +GCpi .0 17.0 119.6 228.3 .0 .0
Normal to Ridge Walls Only +GCpi .0 18.0 .0 72.0 .0 .0
Normal to Ridge Walls+Roo£ -GCpi .0 18.0 .0 72.0 .0 .0
Normal to Ridge Walls Only -GCpi .0 18.0 .0 72.0 .0 .0
Normal to Ridge Walls+Roof MIN .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0
Along Ridge Walls+Roof +GCpi 33.8 .0 121.0 .0 -359.1 .0
Along Ridge Walls Only +GCpi 33.8 .0 .0 .0 -200.5 .0
Along Ridge Walls+Roof -GCpi 33.8 .0 .0 .0 -200.5 .0
Along Ridge Walls Only -GCpi 33.8 .0 .0 .0 -200.5 .0
Along Ridge Walls+Roof MIN .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0
Notes Applying to MFRS Reactions:
Note (1) Per Fig 27.4-1, Note 9, Use greater of Shear calculated with or without roof.
Note (2) X= Along Building ridge, Y = Normal to Building Ridge, Z = Vertical
Note (3) MIN = Minimum pressures on Walls = 9.6 psf and Roof = 4.8 psf
Note (4) MIN area is the area of the surface onto a vertical plane normal to wind.
Note (5) Total Roof Area (incl OH Top) = 4180.86 sq. ft
Note (6) LC = Load Case (Some pressures can be zero, ref ASCE 7-10 Ch 27 Pt 2)
Wind Pressure on Components and Cladding (Ch 30 Part 1)
All pressures shown are based upon ASD Design, with a Load Factor of .6
Width of Pressure Coefficient Zone "a" = 4.60 ft
Description Width Span Area Zone Max Min Max P Min P
ft ft ft^2 GCp GCp psf psf
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 4
Zone 5
SIDE DOOR
GARAGE DOOR
1.00 1.00 1.0 1 0.50 -0.90 24.42 -38.78
1.00 1.00 1.0 2 0.50 -1.70 24.42 -67.51
1.00 1.00 1.0 3 0.50 -2.60 24.42 -99.83
1.00 1.00 1.0 4 1.00 -1.10 42.37 -45.96
1.00 1.00 1.0 5 1.00 -1.40 42.37 -56.74
6.80 3.00 20.4 4 0.95 -1.05 40.41 -44.00
10.00 8.00 80.0 5 0.84 -1.08 36.65 -45.28
Khcc:Comp. & Clad. Table 6-3 Case 1
Qhcc:.00256*V^2*Khcc*Kht*Kd
= 0.85 • ••••
= 35.91 psf •• •
• • ••
• •
••••
• •
• • •
•• ••
••
•
•
• • •
•••• • • • •
• •
•••• •
••••
• • • •
•• •• ••••
• •
•
• •
• • • •
• • • •
• • •
• • •
•• • ••• • • •
• •